I (Mongolic)

I
I
The Mongolian script
Mongolian vowels
Mongolian consonants
Foreign consonants
	Mongolian script multigraphs;
	v; t; e;

I is a letter of related and vertically oriented alphabets used to write Mongolic and Tungusic languages.^[1]^{: 549–551}

Mongolian language

Letter^[2]^: 17, 19^[3]^: 546
i	Transliteration^{[note 1]}
ᠢ ^{[note 2]}	Alone
ᠢ‍	Initial
‍ᠢ‍	Medial (syllable-initial)
^{[note 3]}	Medial (syllable-final)
‍ᠢ	Final

Ligatures^[2]^{: 22–23, 24–25}^[3]^: 546
bi	pi	ki, gi	Transliteration
ᠪᠢ ^{[note 4]}	ᠫᠢ	ᠬᠢ ^{[note 5]}	Alone
ᠪᠢ‍	ᠫᠢ‍	ᠬᠢ‍	Initial
‍ᠪᠢ‍	‍ᠫᠢ‍	‍ᠬᠢ‍	Medial
‍ᠪᠢ	‍ᠫᠢ	‍ᠬᠢ	Final

Separated suffixes^{[note 6]}
‑i	Transliteration
ᠢ‍^⟨?⟩ ⟨⟩	Initial
ᠢ^⟨?⟩ ⟨⟩	Whole

Transcribes Chakhar /i/ or /ɪ/;^[8]^[9] Khalkha /i/, /ə/, and /∅/.^[10]^: 40–42 Transliterated into Cyrillic with the letter и.^[11]^[4]
Today, often absorbed into a preceding syllable when at the end of a word.^{[citation needed]}
Written medially with the single long tooth after a consonant, and with two after a vowel (with rare exceptions like ᠨᠠ‍ᠢ‍ᠮᠠ naima 'eight' or ᠨᠠ‍ᠢ‍ᠮᠠᠨ naiman 'eight'/tribal name).^[2]^: 31^[12]^: 9, 39^[13]^: 38
‍ᠢ᠋‍ = a handwritten Inner Mongolian variant on the sequence yi (as in ᠰᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ / ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠨ sayin 'good' being written ᠰᠠᠢ᠋ᠨ sain).^[12]^: 58^[13]^: 38
- Also the medial form used after the junction in a proper name compound.^[13]^: 44
Derived from Old Uyghur yodh (𐽶), preceded by an aleph (𐽰) for isolate and initial forms.^[3]^{: 539–540, 545–546}^[14]^{: 111, 113}^[13]^: 35
Produced with I using the Windows Mongolian keyboard layout.^[15]
In the Mongolian Unicode block, i comes after e and before o.

Clear Script

Xibe language

Manchu language

Notes

^ Scholarly transliteration.^[4]
^ Used in enumerations, corresponding to i).^[2]^: 19
^ Stand-in for the correct (context-sensitive only) glyph.
^ As in ᠪᠢ bi (би bi) 'I'.^[6]^: 101^[2]^: 22
^ See the separated  ᠬᠢ ‑ki suffix.^[6]
^ Separated suffixes starting with, or made up by the letter i include:  ᠢ^⟨?⟩ ‑i (accusative),  ᠢᠶᠠᠨ^⟨?⟩ ‑iyan/‑iyen (reflexive), and  ᠢᠶᠠᠷ^⟨?⟩ ‑iyar/‑iyer (instrumental).^[7]

References

^ "The Unicode Standard, Version 14.0 – Core Specification Chapter 13: South and Central Asia-II, Other Modern Scripts" (PDF). www.unicode.org. Retrieved 2022-05-16.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e Poppe, Nicholas (1974). Grammar of Written Mongolian. Otto Harrassowitz Verlag. ISBN 978-3-447-00684-2.
^ ^a ^b ^c Daniels, Peter T.; Bright, William (1996). The World's Writing Systems. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-507993-7.
^ ^a ^b "Mongolian transliterations" (PDF). Institute of the Estonian Language. 2006-05-06.
^ "Mongolian Transliteration & Transcription". collab.its.virginia.edu. Retrieved 2023-03-26.
^ ^a ^b Lessing, Ferdinand (1960). Mongolian-English Dictionary (PDF). University of California Press. Note that this dictionary uses the transliterations c, ø, x, y, z, ai, and ei; instead of č, ö, q, ü, ǰ, ayi, and eyi;^: xii as well as problematically and incorrectly treats all rounded vowels (o/u/ö/ü) after the initial syllable as u or ü.^[5]
^ "PROPOSAL Encode Mongolian Suffix Connector (U+180F) To Replace Narrow Non-Breaking Space (U+202F)" (PDF). UTC Document Register for 2017. 2017-01-15.
^ "Mongolian Traditional Script". Chinese, Japanese, Vietnamese, and Mongolian Language Site. Retrieved 2022-05-16.
^ "Writing – Study Mongolian". Study Mongolian. August 2013. Retrieved 2022-05-16.
^ Svantesson, Jan-Olof; Tsendina, Anna; Karlsson, Anastasia; Franzen, Vivan (2005-02-10). The Phonology of Mongolian. OUP Oxford. ISBN 978-0-19-151461-6.
^ Skorodumova, L. G. (2000). Vvedenie v staropismenny mongolskiy yazyk Введение в старописьменный монгольский язык (PDF) (in Russian). Muravey-Gayd. ISBN 5-8463-0015-4.
^ ^a ^b Grønbech, Kaare; Krueger, John Richard (1993). An Introduction to Classical (literary) Mongolian: Introduction, Grammar, Reader, Glossary. Otto Harrassowitz Verlag. ISBN 978-3-447-03298-8.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d Janhunen, Juha (2006-01-27). The Mongolic Languages. Routledge. ISBN 978-1-135-79690-7.
^ Clauson, Gerard (2005-11-04). Studies in Turkic and Mongolic Linguistics. Routledge. ISBN 978-1-134-43012-3.
^ jowilco. "Windows keyboard layouts - Globalization". Microsoft Docs. Retrieved 2022-05-16.

[5] Scholarly transliteration.^[4]

[6] Used in enumerations, corresponding to i).^[2]^: 19

[7] Stand-in for the correct (context-sensitive only) glyph.

[10] As in ᠪᠢ bi (би bi) 'I'.^[6]^: 101^[2]^: 22

[11] See the separated  ᠬᠢ ‑ki suffix.^[6]

[13] Separated suffixes starting with, or made up by the letter i include:  ᠢ^⟨?⟩ ‑i (accusative),  ᠢᠶᠠᠨ^⟨?⟩ ‑iyan/‑iyen (reflexive), and  ᠢᠶᠠᠷ^⟨?⟩ ‑iyar/‑iyer (instrumental).^[7]

[1] "The Unicode Standard, Version 14.0 – Core Specification Chapter 13: South and Central Asia-II, Other Modern Scripts" (PDF). www.unicode.org. Retrieved 2022-05-16.

[Poppe1974-2] Poppe, Nicholas (1974). Grammar of Written Mongolian. Otto Harrassowitz Verlag. ISBN 978-3-447-00684-2.

[Daniels1996-3] Daniels, Peter T.; Bright, William (1996). The World's Writing Systems. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-507993-7.

[EKIMn2006-4] "Mongolian transliterations" (PDF). Institute of the Estonian Language. 2006-05-06.

[8] "Mongolian Transliteration & Transcription". collab.its.virginia.edu. Retrieved 2023-03-26.

[Lessing1960-9] Lessing, Ferdinand (1960). Mongolian-English Dictionary (PDF). University of California Press. Note that this dictionary uses the transliterations c, ø, x, y, z, ai, and ei; instead of č, ö, q, ü, ǰ, ayi, and eyi;^: xii as well as problematically and incorrectly treats all rounded vowels (o/u/ö/ü) after the initial syllable as u or ü.^[5]

[12] "PROPOSAL Encode Mongolian Suffix Connector (U+180F) To Replace Narrow Non-Breaking Space (U+202F)" (PDF). UTC Document Register for 2017. 2017-01-15.

[CJVLang2013-14] "Mongolian Traditional Script". Chinese, Japanese, Vietnamese, and Mongolian Language Site. Retrieved 2022-05-16.

[StudyMn2013-15] "Writing – Study Mongolian". Study Mongolian. August 2013. Retrieved 2022-05-16.

[Svantesson2005-16] Svantesson, Jan-Olof; Tsendina, Anna; Karlsson, Anastasia; Franzen, Vivan (2005-02-10). The Phonology of Mongolian. OUP Oxford. ISBN 978-0-19-151461-6.

[Skorodumova2000-17] Skorodumova, L. G. (2000). Vvedenie v staropismenny mongolskiy yazyk Введение в старописьменный монгольский язык (PDF) (in Russian). Muravey-Gayd. ISBN 5-8463-0015-4.

[Grønbech1993-18] Grønbech, Kaare; Krueger, John Richard (1993). An Introduction to Classical (literary) Mongolian: Introduction, Grammar, Reader, Glossary. Otto Harrassowitz Verlag. ISBN 978-3-447-03298-8.

[Janhunen2006-19] Janhunen, Juha (2006-01-27). The Mongolic Languages. Routledge. ISBN 978-1-135-79690-7.

[Clauson2005-20] Clauson, Gerard (2005-11-04). Studies in Turkic and Mongolic Linguistics. Routledge. ISBN 978-1-134-43012-3.

[21] wilco. "Windows keyboard layouts - Globalization". Microsoft Docs. Retrieved 2022-05-16.

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