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2024 United States ballot measures

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The following is a list of ballot measures, whether initiated by legislators or citizens, which have been certified to appear on various states' ballots during the 2024 United States elections as of September 6, 2024.

Results

[edit]

Elections that have been certified or unanimously projected will be shown here.

State Origin Status Measure Description (Result of a "yes" vote) Date % req. Yes No
Alabama Legislature Failed Amendment 1 Exempts local laws or local constitutional amendments from the budget isolation resolution process. Mar 5 >50% 341,515
48.69% 		359,850
51.31%
California Legislature Approved Proposition 1 Reforms the Mental Health Services Act and issues $6.38 billion in bonds for homeless individuals and veterans. Mar 5 >50% 3,636,678
50.18% 		3,610,436
49.82%
Wisconsin Legislature Approved Question 1 Prohibits governments in the state from applying or accepting non-governmental funds or equipment for election administration. Apr 2 >50% 638,555
54.43% 		534,612
45.57%
Legislature Approved Question 2 Mandates that only election officials may administer elections. Apr 2 >50% 685,806
58.63% 		483,900
41.37%
North Dakota Citizens Approved Initiated Measure 1 Creates an age limit of 81 for congressional officeholders. Jun 11 >50% 68,468
60.84% 		44,076
39.16%
Missouri Legislature Failed Amendment 1 Exempts childcare facilities from property taxes. Aug 6 >50% 491,161
45.28% 		593,465
54.72%
Legislature Approved Amendment 4 Allows the legislature to increase minimum funding for a police force established by a state board of police commissioners.[1] Aug 6 >50% 549,919
51.13% 		525,657
48.87%
Wisconsin Legislature Failed Question 1 Prohibits the legislature from delegating its power to appropriate money.[2] Aug 13 >50% 521,538
42.55% 		704,260
57.45%
Legislature Failed Question 2 Requires legislative approval before the governor can expend federal money appropriated to the state.[3] Aug 13 >50% 521,639
42.47% 		706,637
57.53%
Oklahoma Legislature Failed[4] Question 833 Allows municipalities to create infrastructure districts with the ability to issue bonds Nov 5 >50% 559,982
38.89% 		898,526
61.61%
Legislature Approved[5] Question 834 Prohibits the state and local governments from allowing noncitizens to vote Nov 5 >50% 1,207,520
80.73% 		288,267
19.27%
South Carolina Legislature Approved[6] Amendment 1 Prohibits the state and local governments from allowing noncitizens to vote Nov 5 >50% 1,982,956
85.94% 		324,432
14.06%
Wyoming Legislature Approved[7] Amendment A Separates residential property into its own class for purposes of property tax assessment Nov 5 >50%[a] 146,336
53.97% 		100,392
37.03%
Iowa Legislature Approved
(projected)[8] 		Require Citizenship to Vote in Elections and Allow 17-Year-Olds to Vote in Primaries Prohibits state and local governments from allowing non-citizens to vote, and would allow some 17-year-olds to vote in primaries, provided they turn 18 by the next general election.[9] Nov 5 >50% Awaiting official results
Alabama Legislature Approved
(projected) 		Amendment 1 Transfers control of land to the Franklin County Board of Education. Nov 5 >50% Awaiting official results
Alaska Citizens Approved
(projected) 		Ballot Measure 1 Increases the minimum wage to $15/hr (currently $11.73/hr) by July 2027; provides 40-56 hours of paid sick leave a year depending on employer size; protects employees from being required to attend meetings on political and religious matters. Nov 5 >50% Awaiting official results
Citizens Failed Measure 2 Repeal Alaska's electoral system of ranked-choice voting and nonpartisan blanket primaries and return the state to partisan primaries and plurality voting Nov 5 >50% 160,124
49.89% 		160,861
50.11%
Arizona Citizens Approved
(projected)[10]
 Proposition 139 Enshrines abortion until fetal viability or to protect health of the mother[11] Nov 5 >50% Awaiting official results
Colorado Citizens Approved[12]
 Amendment 79 Enshrines abortion in the Colorado Constitution and allows the use of public funds for abortion healthcare[13] Nov 5
92%
 55% 1,835,127
61.9% 		1,130,617
38.1%
District of Columbia Citizens Approved
(projected) 		Initiative 83 Allows independent voters to participate in partisan primaries and implements ranked-choice voting.[14] Nov 5
85%
 >50% 186,277
72.7% 		70,045
27.3%
Florida Citizens Failed
(projected) 		Amendment 4 Enshrines abortion until fetal viability or to protect health of the mother[15] Nov 5
99.0%
 60% 6,054,370
57.1% 		4,542,398
42.9%
Idaho Legislature Passed
(projected) 		Citizenship Requirement for Voting Prohibits state and local governments from allowing non-citizens to vote.[16] Nov 5
94%
 >50% 550,652
64.9% 		298,438
35.1%
Citizens Failed
(projected) 		Proposition 1 Implements a top-four nonpartisan blanket primary; with ranked-choice voting for the general election for state, county, and federal offices.[17] 260,594
30.5% 		595,182
69.5%
Kentucky Legislature Passed
(projected) 		Amendment 1 Prohibits state and local governments from allowing non-citizens to vote.[18] Nov 5
92%
 >50% 1,212,430
62.5% 		727,121
37.5%
Maryland Legislature Approved[19]
 Question 1 Enshrines abortion in the Maryland Constitution[20] Nov 5
83%
 >50% 1,940,792
74.9% 		649,105
25.1%
Missouri Citizens Approved
(projected) 		Amendment 3 Enshrines abortion until fetal viability[21] Nov 5
99%
 >50% 1,534,399
51.9% 		1,424,781
48.1%
Legislature On ballot Amendment 7 Prohibits state and local governments from allowing non-citizens to vote, and ban ranked-choice voting in the state.[22] >50% 1,952,138
68.5% 		899,408
31.5%
Montana Fetal viability Approved
(projected) 		CI-128 Enshrines abortion until fetal viability or to protect health of the mother[23] Nov 5
86.6%
 >50% 290,899
57.4% 		215,508
42.6%
Nebraska Citizens Approved
(projected) 		Initiative 434 Prohibits abortion after the first trimester[24] Nov 5
98.9%
 >50%[b] 496,586
55.3% 		401,072
44.7%
Citizens Failed
(projected) 		Initiative 439 Enshrines abortion until fetal viability[25] 437,673
48.7% 		461,833
51.3%
Nevada Citizens Approved[26]
 Question 6 Enshrines abortion until fetal viability or to protect health of the mother[27] Nov 5
95%
 >50% 860,866
64.1% 		482,998
35.9%
New York Legislature Approved
(projected) 		Proposal 1 Prohibit a person's rights from being denied based on the person's reproductive choices, among others[28] Nov 5
85.0%
 >50% 4,294,254
61.5% 		2,686,909
38.5%
South Dakota Citizens Failed
(projected) 		Amendment G Enshrines abortion during the first trimester, with limits on regulation during the second trimester[29] Nov 5
88.5%
 >50% 151,411
40.3% 		224,248
59.7%

By topic

[edit]

Included in this section is any ballot measure that has either been certified for the ballot or has passed at least one house in the legislature.

Abortion

[edit]

As of September 11, 2024, 10 states have certified a referendum on abortion for the 2024 United States elections. This is the most for a single election cycle on record.[30] Since the overturning of Roe v. Wade in 2022, every pro-abortion rights ballot measure has passed, and every ban by popular referendum has failed, even in more conservative states such as Kentucky.[31]

State Current policy[32] Origin Status Measure Description (Result of a "yes" vote) Date % req. Result
Arizona 15th week Citizens Approved[10]
 Proposition 139 Enshrines abortion until fetal viability or to protect health of the mother[33] Nov 5 >50% TBD
Colorado Any stage Citizens Approved[12] Amendment 79 Enshrines abortion in the Colorado Constitution and allows the use of public funds for abortion healthcare[34] Nov 5 55% TBD
Florida 6th week Citizens On ballot Amendment 4 Enshrines abortion until fetal viability or to protect health of the mother[35] Nov 5 60% TBD
Hawaii Fetal viability Legislature Died in legislature Right to Abortion Enshrines abortion and the right to use contraceptives[36] — >50%[c] N/A
Iowa 6th week Legislature Died in legislature No State Constitutional Right to Abortion Prohibits abortion[37] — >50% N/A
Maine Fetal viability Legislature Died in legislature Right to Personal Reproductive Autonomy Enshrines abortion[38] — >50% N/A
Maryland Fetal viability Legislature Approved[19]
 Question 1 Enshrines abortion in the Maryland Constitution[39] Nov 5 >50% TBD
Minnesota All stages Legislature Died in legislature Equal Under the Law Enshrines abortion[40] — >50%[d] N/A
Missouri Banned Citizens On ballot Amendment 3 Enshrines abortion until fetal viability[41] Nov 5 >50% TBD
Montana Fetal viability Citizens On ballot CI-128 Enshrines abortion until fetal viability or to protect health of the mother[42] Nov 5 >50% TBD
Nebraska 12th week Citizens On ballot Initiative 434 Prohibits abortion after the first trimester[43] Nov 5 >50%[e] TBD
Citizens On ballot Initiative 439 Enshrines abortion until fetal viability[44] TBD
Nevada 24th week Citizens Approved,[45]

must pass again in 2026 to be added.

Question 6 Enshrines abortion until fetal viability or to protect health of the mother[46] Nov 5 >50% TBD
New York 24th week and fetal viability Legislature On ballot Proposal 1 Prohibit a person's rights from being denied based on the person's reproductive choices, among others[47] Nov 5 >50% TBD
Pennsylvania 24th week Legislature Not re-approved No State Constitutional Right to Abortion Amends the Pennsylvania Constitution to state that no abortion-related rights are given by the document[48] — >50% N/A
South Dakota Banned Citizens On ballot Amendment G Enshrines abortion during the first trimester, with limits on regulation during the second trimester[49] Nov 5 >50% TBD
Wisconsin 22nd week Legislature Died in legislature 14-Week Abortion Ban Prohibits abortion after the 14th week[50] — >50% N/A

Voting

[edit]
State Origin Status Measure Description (Result of a "yes" vote) Date % req. Result
Alaska Citizens On ballot Ballot Measure 2 Repeals the state's top-four primaries and ranked-choice elections.[51] Nov 5 >50% TBD
Arizona Legislature Failed[52] Proposition 133 Prohibits nonpartisan blanket primaries.[53] Nov 5 >50% TBD
Citizens Failed[52] Proposition 140 Requires ranked-choice voting to be used in general elections, and creates nonpartisan blanket primaries.[54] TBD
Colorado Citizens Failed[12] Proposition 131 Implements a top-four nonpartisan blanket primary; with ranked-choice voting for the general election for state and federal offices.[55] Nov 5 >50% TBD
District of Columbia Citizens On ballot Initiative 83 Allows independent voters to participate in partisan primaries and implements ranked-choice voting.[56] Nov 5 >50% TBD
Idaho Legislature On ballot Citizenship Requirement for Voting Prohibits state and local governments from allowing non-citizens to vote.[57] Nov 5 >50% TBD
Citizens Failed Proposition 1 Implements a top-four nonpartisan blanket primary; with ranked-choice voting for the general election for state, county, and federal offices.[58] TBD
Kentucky Legislature On ballot Amendment 1 Prohibits state and local governments from allowing non-citizens to vote.[59] Nov 5 >50% TBD
Missouri Legislature On ballot Amendment 7 Prohibits state and local governments from allowing non-citizens to vote, and ban ranked-choice voting in the state.[60] Nov 5 >50% TBD
Montana Citizens On ballot CI-126 Implements top-four primaries for state and federal offices.[61] Nov 5 >50% TBD
Citizens On ballot CI-127 Requires the state to adopt an election system where the winner must receive a majority of the vote.[62] TBD
Nevada Citizens Failed[26] Question 3 Implements a top-five nonpartisan blanket primary; with ranked-choice voting for the general election for state and federal offices.[63] Nov 5 >50% TBD
North Carolina Legislature Approved[64] Citizenship Requirement for Voting Prohibits state and local governments from allowing non-citizens to vote.[65] Nov 5 >50% TBD
Oklahoma Legislature Approved[66] Citizenship Requirement for Voting Prohibits state and local governments from allowing non-citizens to vote.[67] Nov 5 >50% TBD
Oregon Legislature Failed Measure 117 Implements ranked-choice voting for primary and general elections for statewide executive and federal offices.[68] Nov 5 >50% TBD
South Carolina Legislature Approved[69] Citizenship Requirement for Voting Prohibits state and local governments from allowing non-citizens to vote.[70] Nov 5 >50% TBD
South Dakota Citizens Failed[71] Amendment H Implements top-two primaries for state, county, and federal offices.[72] Nov 5 >50% TBD
Wisconsin Legislature Approved[73] Citizenship Voting Requirement Prohibits state and local governments from allowing non-citizens to vote.[74] Nov 5 >50% TBD

Marijuana

[edit]
See also: List of 2024 United States cannabis reform proposals
State Origin Status Measure Description (Result of a "yes" vote) Date % req. Result
Arkansas Citizens On ballot, votes will not be counted[75] Issue 3 Adds a new subsection to the state constitution that would prohibit legislators from changing or repealing constitutional amendments without approval from voters unless the amendment expressly allows them to do so. This measure also expands the current medical marijuana program to allow physicians to recommend marijuana to patients for any debillitating medical condition and allows the growing of up to 14 plants for patients at least 21 years of age. Nov 5 >50% TBD
Florida Citizens Failed[76] Amendment 3 Legalizes possession of up to 3 ounces of marijuana for adults aged 21 and over, allows Medical Marijuana Treatment Centers, and other state licensed entities, to acquire, process and distribute cannabis products. Nov 5 >60% TBD
Nebraska Citizens Approved despite legal challenges[77] Initiative 437 Legalizes the use of up to five ounces of marijuana for medical use by qualified patients. Nov 5 >60% TBD
North Dakota Legislature Failed[78] Constitutional Measure 5 Legalizes production, processing, and sale of marijuana for recreational use for adults 21 and older. Nov 5 >50% TBD
South Dakota Citizens Failed[79] Initiated Measure 29 Legalizes the possession of, distribution and recreational usage of marijuana for adults 21 or older.[80] Nov 5 >50% TBD

Law and crime

[edit]
State Origin Status Measure Description (Result of a "yes" vote) Date % req. Result
Arizona Legislature Approved[52] Proposition 313 Requires life imprisonment for people convicted of child sex trafficking. Nov 5 >50% TBD
Legislature Approved[52] Proposition 314 Makes it a state crime for noncitizens to unlawfully enter the state and allows police to arrest them for doing so; allows state judges to order deportations; requires the immigration status of individuals to be determined before enrollment in a financial aid or public welfare program; makes it a class 6 felony to submit false documents to employers to evade detection of employment eligibility, or to apply for public benefits; and makes it a class 2 felony if a person knowingly sells fentanyl and results in a death of another person. Nov 5 TBD
California Citizens On ballot Proposition 36 Classifies certain drug offenses as felonies; increases penalties for certain drug crimes; increases sentences for theft depending on property value. Nov 5 >50% TBD
Colorado Legislature Approved[12] Amendment I Removes right to bail for first-degree murder when proof is evident. Nov 5 55% TBD
Citizens Approved[12] Proposition 128 Requires offenders convicted of certain violent crimes to serve at least 85% of their sentence before being eligible for parole; requires offenders with two prior violent crime convictions to serve their full sentence before beginning parole. Nov 5 >50% TBD
Citizens Approved[12] Proposition 130 Provides $350 million in additional funding to law enforcement to help recruit, train, and retain police officers; provides additional benefits to families of officers killed in the line of duty.[81] Nov 5 TBD

Labor

[edit]
State Origin Status Measure Description (Result of a "yes" vote) Date % req. Result
Alaska Citizens On ballot Ballot Measure 1 Increases the minimum wage to $15/hr (currently $11.73/hr) by July 2027; provides 40-56 hours of paid sick leave a year depending on employer size; protects employees from being required to attend meetings on political and religious matters. Nov 5 >50% TBD
Arizona Legislature Failed[52] Proposition 138 Permits employers to pay tipped employees up to 25% less than the minimum wage (currently $14.35/hr), but only if the employee received the minimum wage plus $2 for every hour worked. Nov 5 >50% TBD
California Citizens On ballot Proposition 32 Increases the minimum wage to $18/hr (currently $16/hr) by 2026, subject to annual increase based on inflation. Nov 5 >50% TBD
Massachusetts Citizens On ballot Question 5 Increases the minimum wage for tipped employees (currently $6.75/hr) to the state minimum wage of $15/hr by 2029 while continuing to permit tipping. Nov 5 >50% TBD
Missouri Citizens On ballot Proposition A Increases the minimum wage to $15/hr (currently $12.30/hr) by 2026; requires 1 hour of paid sick leave per 30 hours worked. Nov 5 >50% TBD
Nebraska Citizens On ballot Initiative 436 Requires between five and seven days of paid sick leave for employees depending on the size of the business. Nov 5 >50%[f] TBD

LGBT rights

[edit]
State Origin Status Measure Description (Result of a "yes" vote) Date % req. Result
California Legislature On ballot Proposition 3 Repeals 2008's Proposition 8, which outlawed same-sex marriage in the state. Nov 5 >50% TBD
Colorado Legislature Approved[12] Amendment J Repeals 2006's Amendment 43, which outlawed same-sex marriage in the state. Nov 5 >50% TBD
Hawaii Legislature On ballot 2802 HD1 Repeals the state legislature's authority to restrict same-sex marriage. Nov 5 >50%[g] TBD

Alabama

[edit]

March 5

[edit]
  • Legislatively-referred amendment: would exempt locally-focused bills, including constitutional amendments, from the budget isolation resolution process. This amendment did not pass.[82]
Results of Alabama Amendment 1
  No
  •   50–60%
  •   60–70%
  Yes
  •   50–60%
  •   60–70%
  •   70–80%
Source...

November 5

[edit]
  • Legislatively-referred amendment: would let the Franklin County Board of Education be able to sell, manage, lease land or natural resources from lands in the county schools system within Walker and Fayette counties.[83]

Alaska

[edit]
  • Indirect initiated state statute: This amendment would require that the minimum be increased to $15 per hour by July 1, 2027, give employees the ability to receive up to 56 hours of paid sick leave a year if their employer has 15 employees or more, and if their employer has less than 15 employees they can get up to 40 hours of paid sick leave. Also bars employers from taking action against employees who refuse to attend employer sponsored meetings regarding religious or political matters.[84]
  • Indirect initiated state statue: Would have repealed the ranked choice voting system that was started in 2020.[85]

Arizona

[edit]
  • Legislatively-referred amendment: Proposition 133, a legislatively-referred constitutional amendment that would require a partisan primary election for partisan offices.[86]
  • Legislatively-referred amendment: Proposition 134, creates a constitutional signature distribution requirement for citizen-initiated ballot measures based on state legislative districts raising the requirement from 10% of voters to 15%.[87]
  • Legislatively-referred amendment: Proposition 135, would allow the legislature to terminate a state of emergency or alter the emergency powers of the governor during the emergency; requires emergencies declared by the governor to terminate automatically in 30 days unless extended by legislative approval.[88]
  • Legislatively-referred amendment: Proposition 136, Would provide challenges to an initiative measure or constitutional amendment after the filing of the measure with the Secretary of State.[89]
  • Legislatively-referred amendment: Proposition 137, Would end term limits for state supreme court justices and superior court judge and replace it with terms of good behavior through a judicial review commission.[90]
  • Legislatively-referred amendment: Proposition 138, Allows tipped workers to be paid 25% less per hour than the minimum wage if any tips received by the employee were not less than the minimum wage plus $2 for all hours worked.[91]
  • Citizen-initiated amendment: Proposition 139, would establish a state constitutional right to abortion.[92]
  • Citizen-initiated amendment: Proposition 140, would require ranked-choice voting to be used in general elections, and, contradicting Proposition 133, create nonpartisan blanket primaries.[54]
  • Legislatively-referred statute: Proposition 311, establishes a $20 fee on every conviction for a criminal offense, which would go to a $250,000 benefit to the family of a first responder killed in the line of duty.[93]
  • Legislatively-referred statute: Proposition 313, Provides life imprisonment for an individual who is convicted of sex trafficking of a child.[94]
  • Legislatively-referred statute: Proposition 314, Authorise state and local police to arrest noncitizens who cross the border unlawfully, allows state judges to order deportations, require the use of the e-verify program for some public governmental programs and employment eligibility purposes, and make the sale of fentanyl a Class 2 felony if a person knowingly sells fentanyl resulting in the death of another person.[95]
  • Legislatively-referred statute: Proposition 315, Prohibits proposed rule from becoming effective if that rule is estimated to increase regulatory costs by more than $500,000 within five years after implementation, until the legislature enacts legislation ratifying the proposed rule.[96]

Arkansas

[edit]
  • Citizen-initiated amendment: Repeals the authorisation for a casino license in Pope County and require countywide voter approval for any new casino licenses.[97]
  • Legislatively-referred amendment: Allows state lottery proceeds to fund scholarships and grants for vocational and technical colleges.[98]

California

[edit]

March

[edit]
  • Legislatively-referred statute: Proposition 1, Changes the funding structure and name of the Mental Health Services Act, issues bonds for veteran housing and homeless projects. This amendment passed.[99]

November

[edit]
  • Bond Issue: Would issue $10 billion in bonds to fund construction and modernisation of public education facilities.
  • Citizen-initiated statute: Increases minimum wage to $18 by 2026[100]
  • Legislatively-referred amendment: lowers vote threshold from 66.67% to 55% for local special taxes and bond measures to fund housing projects
  • Citizen-initiated statute: Repeals the Costa Hawkins Rental Housing Act; removes ability of state to limit local rent control[101]
  • Legislatively-referred amendment: Repeals Proposition 8 and establish a right to marry regardless of sex[102]
  • Citizen-initiated amendment: would all state or local taxes be approved by two-thirds of the electorate for either jurisdiction
  • Legislatively-referred amendment: Requires ballot measures which raise vote thresholds to supermajority votes to pass by the same proposed threshold first
  • Legislatively-referred amendment: ACA 8, would repeal the prisoner exception from California's constitutional ban on slavery, and prohibit the Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation from disciplining any incarcerated person for refusing a work assignment, while allowing for the Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation to award credits to an incarcerated person who voluntarily accepts a work assignment.[103]

Withdrawn from November ballot

[edit]
  • Legislatively-referred amendment: Would repeal constitutional requirement that voters approve publicly-funded housing developments at certain rent levels.[104]
  • Citizen-initiated statute: Repeals the Private Attorneys General Act.[105]
  • Citizen-initiated amendment/statute: increases the income tax by 0.75% for 10 years to develop the California Pandemic Early Detection and Prevention Institute.[106]
  • Veto referendum: Repeals SB 1137, which would prohibit the construction of oil and gas wells within health protection zones.[107]
  • Veto referendum: repeals AB 257, which would establish a fast-food workers council.[108]

Colorado

[edit]
  • Legislatively-referred statute: Would impose a 6.5% excise tax on firearms and ammunition sales to fund crime victim services, education, and mental health programs for children and veterans.[109]
  • Legislatively-referred amendment: Creates an independent judicial discipline adjudicative board to create rules for the judicial discipline process.
  • Legislatively-referred amendment: Changes the deadlines for filing initiative and referendum petition signatures and judicial retention notice deadlines to remove one week in order to allow one extra week for the secretary of state to certify ballot order and content and election officials' deadline to transmit ballots.
  • Citizen-initiated statute: Prohibit trophy hunting, defined as "intentionally killing, wounding, pursuing, or entrapping a mountain lion, bobcat, or lynx; or discharging or releasing any deadly weapon at a mountain lion, bobcat, or lynx".[110]
  • Legislatively-referred amendment: Extends property tax exemption for veterans with disabilities to veterans with individual unemployability status.
  • Citizen-initiated amendment: Requires statewide voter approval for local governments to retain property tax revenue which exceeds 4% from the total statewide property tax revenue collected in the previous year.
  • Legislative-referred amendment: Remove Constitutional Same-Sex Marriage Ban Amendment, would remove the provision of the state constitution that says "Only a union of one man and one woman shall be valid or recognised as a marriage in this state".[111]
  • Legislative-referred amendment: Removes the right to bail in cases of first degree murder when the proof is evident or the presumption is great.[112]
  • Legislatively-referred statute: Allows the state to retain tax revenue collected above $29 million annually from the tax on sports betting proceeds.[113]
  • Citizen-initiated amendment: Right to Abortion and Health Insurance Coverage Initiative, also known as Amendment 79 would create a right to abortion in the state constitution and repeal constitutional provision banning the use of public funds for abortion.[114]

Connecticut

[edit]
  • Legislatively-referred amendment: Authorizes the state legislature to provide by law for no-excuse absentee voting[115]

Florida

[edit]

NOTE: proposed amendments, whether initiated by the legislature or by citizen petition, must receive 60% in favor in order to pass.

  • Legislatively-referred amendment: Amendment 1, Makes school board elections partisan instead of nonpartisan, allows for partisan primaries for school board elections starting in 2026.[116]
  • Legislatively-referred amendment: Amendment 2, Gives a state constitutional right to hunt and fish.[117]
  • Citizen-initiated amendment: Amendment 3, would legalize possession of up to 3 ounces of recreational cannabis for adults aged 21 and over, allows Medical Marijuana Treatment Centers, and other state licensed entities, to acquire, process and distribute cannabis products. This amendment failed.[76]
  • Citizen-initiated amendment: Amendment 4, would legalize abortion up to viability, would require parental consent for minors who are pregnant.
  • Legislatively-referred amendment: Amendment 5, Provide for an annual inflation adjustment for the value of the homestead property tax exemption.
  • Legislatively-referred amendment: Amendment 6, would repeal an amendment to provide public funding for candidates who agree to spending limits for their campaigns.

Georgia

[edit]
  • Legislatively-referred amendment: Georgia Creation of Tax Court Amendment, would create the Georgia Tax Court which would have "concurrent jurisdiction with the state business court and superior courts in equity cases."[118]
  • Legislatively-referred amendment: Georgia Personal Property Tax Exemption Increase Measure, this would increase the personal property tax exemption from $7,500 to $20,000.[119]

Idaho

[edit]
  • Legislatively-referred amendment: Amend the state constitution so that only US citizens may be able to vote in Idaho.[120]
  • Initiated state statute: This would replace partisan primary elections with an open "top-four" nonpartisan primary election for the US Senate and US House, state offices and county elected offices. A ranked-choice voting system would be created for general elections.[121]

Indiana

[edit]
  • Legislatively-referred amendment: Removes the superintendent of public instruction from the gubernatorial line of succession.[122]

Iowa

[edit]
  • Legislatively-referred amendment: Iowa Require Citizenship to Vote in State Elections and Allow 17-Year-Olds to Vote in Primaries Amendment: A legislatively-referred constitutional amendment that would add only a citizen of the U.S., rather than every citizen of the U.S., can vote; and supports allowing 17-year-olds who will be 18 by the general election to vote in primary elections.[123] This amendment passed.[124]
  • Legislatively-referred amendment: Would provide for the lieutenant governor to assume the office of governor for the remainder of the term if the governor dies, resigns or is removed from office.[125] This amendment passed.[124]

Kentucky

[edit]

Maine

[edit]
  • Legislatively-referred statute: State flag referendum, would change the flag of Maine; the candidate flag is a modernized version of the state's previous flag previous 1901 flag.[127][128]
  • Indirect initiated state statue: Campaign Contribution Limits Initiative, would limit the number of campaign contributions made by individuals and entities toward political action committees (PACs) to $5,000 per year.[129]

Maryland

[edit]
  • Legislatively-referred amendment: Maryland Right to Reproductive Freedom Amendment: A legislatively-referred constitutional amendment that would add a new article into the Maryland Constitution's Declaration of Rights establishing a "right to reproductive freedom".[130]

Massachusetts

[edit]
  • Voter referendum: An initiative to remove the MCAS test as requirement to graduate high school.[131]
  • Voter referendum: An initiative to raise the minimum wage for tipped workers.[132]
  • Voter referendum: An initiative to authorize the state auditor to audit the state legislature, and remove some existing regulations regarding the auditing process.[133]
  • Voter referendum: An initiative to legalize some psychedelic substances for medical and research use.[134] This referendum failed.[135]
  • There are 2 competing questions that relate to the classification of app based workers such as Uber drivers.[136]
  • Voter referendum: One would consider app-based drivers to be independent contractors and enacts several labor policies related to app-based companies.[137]
  • Voter referendum: The second would allow these app based workers to unionize and use collective bargaining.[138]

Minnesota

[edit]
  • Legislatively-referred amendment: Extends lottery-derived revenue direction to Environment and Natural Resources Fund for 25 years

Missouri

[edit]

August 6

[edit]
  • Legislatively-referred amendment: Allows for property tax exemption for childcare facilities.[139]
  • Legislatively-referred amendment: Raises the minimum funding level for the Kansas City Police Department. This Amendment passed.[140][141]

November 5

[edit]
  • Legislatively-referred amendment: A legislatively-referred constitutional amendment that would add only a citizen of the U.S., rather than every citizen of the U.S., can vote. Would also prohibit ranked-choice voting.[142]
  • Legislatively-referred amendment: Define the administration of justice to include the levying of costs and fees to support the salaries and benefits for law enforcement personnel.
  • Citizen-initiated statute: Establish a $13.75 per hour minimum wage by 2025, which would be increased by $1.25 per hour each year until 2026, when it is increased to $15 an hour; also requires employers to provide one hour of paid sick leave for every 30 hours worked.
  • Citizen-initiated amendment: Amendment 3, establishes right to reproductive freedom and legalizes abortion until fetal viability.
  • Citizen-initiated amendment: Legalizes and regulates sports betting in Missouri.

Montana

[edit]
  • Citizen-initiated amendment: CI-126, create a top-four styled primary where candidates would run regardless of party for governor, lieutenant governor and other state executive positions along with state legislators "and congressional officers". The candidates that get the top four largest amount of the vote would go onto the general election regardless of whichever party they belong to.[143]

Nebraska

[edit]
  • Citizen-initiated amendment: Nebraska Measure 434. Limit abortion after the first trimester of pregnancy except when medically necessary or in cases of sexual assault or incest. This amendment passed.[144]
  • Citizen-initiated state statute: Nebraska Measure 436: Nebraska Paid Sick Leave Initiative. Require employers to give sick leave for employees. Those who work less than 80 hours during a single "calendar year" would not be included. Employers who have less than 20 employees they would have to provide 40 hours per year per employee. While those who have over 20 must provide 56 hours per employee.[145] This amendment passed.[146]
  • Citizen-initiated amendment: Nebraska Measure 437, legalizes the use of up to five ounces of marijuana for medical use by qualified patients. This amendment passed, amid ongoing legal challenges.[77]

Withdrawn from the ballot

[edit]
  • Voter referendum: would repeal tax credit for taxpayers who contribute to education scholarships.[147]

Nevada

[edit]

As of September 2024, six ballot measures have been certified to appear on the 2024 general election ballot:

  • Legislatively-referred amendment: Question 1, A legislative-initiated initiative to remove the constitutional status of the Nevada Board of Regents (similar language as State Question 1 in 2022);[148]
  • Legislatively-referred amendment: Question 2, A legislative-initiated initiative to revise language regarding public entities that benefit individuals with mental illness, blindness, or deafness;[149]
  • Citizen-initiated amendment: Question 3, Top-Five Ranked-Choice Voting Initiative, a ballot initiative to amend the state constitution to change state and federal elections to use Nonpartisan blanket primaries in the first round of elections and ranked-choice voting in the second round among the top five candidates. Amendment was first approved by voters in 2022.[150]
  • Legislatively-referred amendment: Question 4, A legislative-initiated initiative to remove a penal exception for slavery and involuntary servitude from the state constitution;[151]
  • Legislatively-referred statute: Question 5, would create a sales tax exemption for child and adult diapers.[152]
  • Citizen-initiated amendment: Right to Abortion Initiative, This would provide for a state constitutional right to an abortion until a person reaches fetal viability.[153]

New Hampshire

[edit]

November 5

[edit]
  • Legislatively-referred amendment: Increase Mandatory Judicial Retirement Age Amendment, This would increase the mandatory retirement age for anyone serving as a judge in New Hampshire from 70 to 75.[154][155]

New Mexico

[edit]
  • Legislatively-referred amendment: Proportionally applies disabled veterans property tax exemption according to veteran's disability rating
  • Legislatively-referred amendment: Increases property tax exemption for veterans from $4,000 to $10,000, adjusting for inflation

New York

[edit]
  • Legislatively-referred amendment: Equal Protection of Law Amendment: would amend the Equal Protection Clause of the state constitution to ensure equality under the law regardless of "ethnicity, national origin, age, disability", and "sex, including sexual orientation, gender identity, gender expression, pregnancy, pregnancy outcomes, and reproductive healthcare and autonomy".[156] Current text, drafted in 1938, only protects "race, color, creed, or religion".

North Dakota

[edit]

June 11

[edit]
Results of North Dakota Initiative Measure 1
  Yes
  •   50–60%
  •   60–70%
Source...
  • Legislatively-referred amendment: Initiative Measure 1 places an age limit of 81 years old for one to be elected or appointed to the US Senate or US House of Representatives if an "individual would become 81 years old by December 31 of the year preceding the end of their term". This amendment passed.[157]

November 5

[edit]
  • Legislatively-referred amendment: Constitutional Measure 1, would update language in state constitution to reflect changes in language regarding disabilities.
  • Legislatively-referred amendment: Constitutional Measure 2, would institute a single-subject rule for citizen initiatives, increase petition threshold and require passage of citizen-initiated constitutional amendments at two consecutive elections
  • Legislatively-referred amendment: Constitutional Measure 3, would change requirements for transfers from the state legacy fund
  • Legislatively-referred amendment: Constitutional Measure 4, would prohibit all political subdivisions from levying any property tax
  • Legislatively-referred amendment: Constitutional Measure 5, legalizes production, processing, and sale of marijuana for recreational use. This measure failed.[78]

Ohio

[edit]
  • Citizen-initiated amendment: Issue 1, would replace the seven-member Ohio Redistricting Commission, consisting of elected officials, with a Ohio Citizens Redistricting Commission (CRC), a 15-member citizen-only non-partisan commission for redrawing congressional and legislative districts

Oregon

[edit]
  • Legislatively-referred amendment: A measure to establish an Independent Public Service Compensation Commission to determine certain public officials' salaries.[158]
  • Legislatively-referred amendment: A measure that would create ranked-choice elections for US President, US Senator, US Representative, Governor, State Secretary of State, State Attorney General, State Treasurer, Commissioner of Labor and Industries starting in 2028.[159]
  • Legislatively-referred amendment: Allows for the Legislature to impeach state elected officials.[160]

Rhode Island

[edit]
  • Constitutional convention question: would ask voters on whether to hold a state constitutional convention

South Carolina

[edit]
  • Legislatively-referred amendment: A legislatively-referred constitutional amendment that would add only a citizen of the U.S., rather than every citizen of the U.S., can vote.[161]

South Dakota

[edit]
  • Legislatively-referred amendment: Amendment E: Would change male-oriented language in state constitution to gender-neutral language.[162]
  • Legislatively-referred amendment: Amendment H: Would create a top-two styled primary system in elections for governor, state legislature, a county office, US Senate and the US House of Representatives.[163]
  • Citizen-initiated-statute: Initiated Measure 28: Ban placing a state sales tax on items sold for human consumption with the exception of alcohol or "prepared food".[164]
  • Citizen-initiated-statute: Initiated Measure 29: Legalize the possession of, distribution and recreational usage of marijuana for those who are at least 21 years of age.[80]

Utah

[edit]
  • Legislatively-referred amendment: Repeals constitutional requirement that income tax and intangible property tax revenue collected by the state government be distributed to educational funding; allows for distribution of revenue to other purposes by the state after educational funding requirements are met.[165]
  • Legislatively-referred amendment: Increases the annual distributions from the State School Fund for public education from 4% to 5%.[166]
  • Legislatively-referred amendment: Provides for elections of county sheriffs to serve four-year terms.[167]

Washington

[edit]

November 5

[edit]
  • Citizen-initiated statute: Initiative 2066: would prohibit the state and local governments from passing laws restricting the ability of homes and businesses to use and access natural gas, would require utilities that use natural gas to install it in homes, and would prohibiting changes to the law to make natural gas more expensive or less competitive.[168]
  • Initiative to the Legislature: Initiative 2109: would repeal the passage of SB 5096-2021-22, which imposed a 7% capital gains tax on the sale of capital assets worth more than $250,000.[169]
  • Initiative to the Legislature: Initiative 2117: would repeal the passage of the 2021 Washington Climate Commitment Act (CCA), which created a maximum legal amount of carbon emissions for the state and requires companies with emissions exceeding 25,000 metric tons of carbon dioxide per year to pay a tax commiserate to the amount of carbon released by the company over the previous year.[170]
  • Initiative to the Legislature: Initiative 2124: would allow individuals and businesses to opt out of the WA Cares program, a long term disability program created by the state in 2019.[171]

West Virginia

[edit]

Wisconsin

[edit]

April 2

[edit]
  • Legislatively-referred amendment: provides that only election officials designated by law may administer elections. This amendment passed.[173]
  • Legislatively-referred amendment: prohibits all levels of government in the state from receiving non-governmental funding or equipment for election administration. This amendment passed.[174]

August 13

[edit]
  • Legislatively-referred amendment: Would have banned the Wisconsin State Legislature from "delegating its power to appropriate money". This amendment did not pass.[175]
  • Legislatively-referred amendment: Would have required the Governor of Wisconsin to get approval from the state legislature in order to spend federal money which has been appropriated to Wisconsin. The amendment did not pass.[176]

November 5

[edit]
  • Legislatively-referred amendment: would specify that only citizens aged 18 and above may vote in elections at all levels of government.[177]

Wyoming

[edit]
  • Legislatively-referred amendment: Allows legislature to exempt property from taxation in part in full "to preserve home ownership in Wyoming for the elderly and infirm if necessary for the support of the poor.".[178]

Other jurisdictions

[edit]

Puerto Rico

[edit]

District of Columbia

[edit]
  • Initiative: Initiative 83, eliminate closed party primaries, establish ranked choice-voting starting in 2026 and create a semi-open primary where voters unaffiliated with a party can vote in the party primary.[179]

Notes

[edit]
  1. ^ Out of 271,123 ballots cast
  2. ^ In order for either measure to pass, one amendment must receive at least 50% of the vote, 35% from all registered voters, and a greater vote total than the other amendment
  3. ^ Of all ballots cast, not just on the measure
  4. ^ Of all ballots cast, not just on the amendment
  5. ^ In order for either measure to pass, one amendment must receive at least 50% of the vote, 35% from all registered voters, and a greater vote total than the other amendment
  6. ^ Also requires an affirmative vote from at least 35% of registered voters
  7. ^ Blank votes are counted as "no" votes

References

[edit]
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  140. ^ "Missouri Amendment 4, Allow Legislature to Require a City to Increase Funding without State Reimbursement for a Police Force Established by State Board Measure (August 2024)". Ballotpedia. Retrieved August 14, 2024.
  141. ^ Moore, Katie (August 6, 2024). "Missourians narrowly vote to increase amount KC will be required to spend on police". The Kansas City Star. Retrieved August 14, 2024.
  142. ^ "Missouri Require Citizenship to Vote and Prohibit Ranked-Choice Voting Amendment (2024)".
  143. ^ "Montana CI-126, Top-Four Primary Initiative (2024)". Ballotpedia. Retrieved September 6, 2024.
  144. ^ Sanderford, Aaron (2024-11-06). "Nebraska passes abortion-restrictions amendment, bucking national trend • Nebraska Examiner". Nebraska Examiner. Retrieved 2024-11-06.
  145. ^ "Nebraska Paid Sick Leave Initiative (2024)". Ballotpedia. Retrieved September 6, 2024.
  146. ^ "Nebraska Initiative 436, Paid Sick Leave Initiative (2024)". Ballotpedia. Retrieved 2024-11-06.
  147. ^ "Nebraska Education Scholarships Tax Credit Referendum (2024)". Ballotpedia. Retrieved September 6, 2024.
  148. ^ "Nevada Remove Constitutional Status of Board of Regents Amendment (2024)". Ballotpedia. Retrieved July 14, 2023.
  149. ^ "Nevada Revising Language Related to Public Entities for Individuals with Mental Illness, Blindness, or Deafness Amendment (2024)". Ballotpedia. Retrieved July 14, 2023.
  150. ^ "Nevada Top-Five Ranked-Choice Voting Initiative (2024)". Ballotpedia. Retrieved July 14, 2023.
  151. ^ "Nevada Remove Slavery as Punishment for Crime from Constitution Amendment (2024)". Ballotpedia. Retrieved July 14, 2023.
  152. ^ "Nevada Question 5, Sales Tax Exemption for Diapers Measure (2024)". Ballotpedia. Retrieved December 17, 2023.
  153. ^ "Nevada Right to Abortion Initiative (2024)". Ballotpedia. Retrieved July 12, 2024.
  154. ^ "New Hampshire Increase Mandatory Judicial Retirement Age Amendment (2024)". Ballotpedia. Retrieved July 12, 2024.
  155. ^ "New Hampshire 2024 ballot measures". Ballotpedia. Retrieved July 12, 2024.
  156. ^ "New York 2024 ballot measures". Ballotpedia. Retrieved July 14, 2023.
  157. ^ "North Dakota Initiated Measure 1, Congressional Age Limits Initiative (June 2024)". Ballotpedia. Retrieved July 11, 2024.
  158. ^ "Oregon Independent Public Service Compensation Commission Amendment (2024)". Ballotpedia. Retrieved July 14, 2023.
  159. ^ "Oregon Ranked-Choice Voting for Federal and State Elections Measure (2024)". Ballotpedia. Retrieved July 14, 2023.
  160. ^ "Oregon Impeachment of Elected State Executives Amendment (2024)". Ballotpedia. Retrieved July 14, 2023.
  161. ^ "South Carolina Citizenship Requirement for Voting Amendment (2024)".
  162. ^ "South Dakota Constitutional Amendment E, Gender-Neutral Constitutional Language Amendment (2024)". Ballotpedia. Retrieved July 11, 2024.
  163. ^ "South Dakota Constitutional Amendment H, Top-Two Primary Elections Initiative (2024)". Ballotpedia. Retrieved July 15, 2024.
  164. ^ "South Dakota Initiated Measure 28, Prohibit Food and Grocery Taxes Initiative (2024)". Ballotpedia. Retrieved July 11, 2024.
  165. ^ "Utah Constitutional Requirements for Education Funding Amendment (2024)". Ballotpedia. Retrieved August 18, 2024.
  166. ^ "Utah State School Fund Distribution Cap Increase Amendment (2024)". Ballotpedia. Retrieved August 18, 2024.
  167. ^ "Utah Elections of County Sheriffs Amendment (2024)". Ballotpedia. Retrieved August 18, 2024.
  168. ^ "Washington Initiative 2066, Natural Gas Policies Measure (2024)". Ballotpedia.
  169. ^ "Washington Initiative 2109, Repeal Capital Gains Tax Initiative (2024)". Ballotpedia.
  170. ^ "Washington Initiative 2117, Prohibit Carbon Tax Credit Trading and Repeal Carbon Cap-and-Invest Program Measure (2024)". Ballotpedia.
  171. ^ "Washington Initiative 2124, Opt-Out of Long-Term Services Insurance Program Initiative (2024)". Ballotpedia.
  172. ^ Curtis, Mark (Sep 3, 2024). "West Virginia voters will consider amendment to ban physician-assisted suicide". WOWK 13 News. Retrieved Sep 24, 2024.
  173. ^ "Wisconsin Question 1, Ban on Private and Non-Governmental Funding of Election Administration Amendment (April 2024)". Ballotpedia. Retrieved August 14, 2024.
  174. ^ "Wisconsin Question 2, Only Designated Election Officials to Conduct Elections Amendment (April 2024)". Ballotpedia. Retrieved August 14, 2024.
  175. ^ "Wisconsin Question 1, Prohibit Legislature from Delegating Appropriations Power Amendment (August 2024)". Ballotpedia. Retrieved August 18, 2024.
  176. ^ "Wisconsin Question 2, Require Legislative Approval for State Expenditure of Federal Funds Amendment (August 2024)". Ballotpedia. Retrieved August 18, 2024.
  177. ^ "Wisconsin Citizenship Voting Requirement Amendment (2024)". Ballotpedia.
  178. ^ "Wyoming Property Tax on Residential Property and Owner-Occupied Primary Residences Amendment (2024)". Ballotpedia. Retrieved August 18, 2024.
  179. ^ "Washington, D.C., Initiative 83, Ranked-Choice Voting Initiative (November 2024)". Ballotpedia. Retrieved August 18, 2024.
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