Twisted doughnut

Korean twisted donut
Hangul	꽈배기
Revised Romanization	kkwabaegi
McCune–Reischauer	kkwabaegi
IPA	[k͈wa.bɛ.ɡi]

Chinese twisted donut
Chinese twisted donut
Mahua
Traditional Chinese	麻花
Simplified Chinese	麻花
Hanyu Pinyin
Transcriptions
Standard Mandarin
Hanyu Pinyin	máhuā
IPA	[mǎ.xwá]
Yue: Cantonese
Jyutping	maa4 faa1
IPA	[ma˩.fa˥]

Twisted doughnut
	Filipino shakoy
Type	Doughnut
Course	Snack
	Media: Twisted doughnut;

Twisted doughnuts are yeast donuts or sticks of pastry made from wheat flour or glutinous rice flour, deep-fried in oil.^[1] In China, they are known as mahua (麻花);^[2] in Korea, they are known as kkwabaegi (꽈배기),^[3] and in the Philippines, they are known as shakoy and pilipit, in Japan, they are known as sakubei (索餅).^[4]

Around the world

China

In Mainland China and Taiwan, twisted doughnuts known as mahua (麻花) are traditional fried desserts with regional variations. The main ingredients consist of flour, sugar and cooking oil, though salt, honey, nuts and other spices can be added as well. Once twisted into a braided shape, the dough is then fried in peanut oil. The two predominant variants are crispy-outside-fluffy-inside or completely crunchy. The original form was invented in the city of Tianjin and dates back millennia.^[5]^[6]^[7]

Italy

In Italy it is known as treccia, sometimes filled with pastry cream and covered with sugar, chocolate and other products.

Japan

Sakubei (索餅/さくべい), derived from the Tang dynasty of China to the Nara period in Japan was transmitted to the Tang confectionery one of noodles that of food, which is also said to have become the father of udon and somen, than rope-like shape also called muginawa (牟義縄). It is said that it disappeared in the middle of the Edo period, but it still exists in various places such as Nara, changing into shinko sweets (shinko, shinko dumplings, shinko mochi) (* However, it is now called shinko mochi). Most of them are made using Joshinko instead of wheat flour).

Korea

Twisted doughnuts are known as kkwabaegi (꽈배기) in Korean. The mildly sweet, fluffy, spongy, twisted doughnuts are made with yeasted wheat or glutinous rice flour dough and melted butter. They are deep-fried in oil and coated with sugar and cinnamon powder.^[1]^[3]^[8] It is often an after-school snack.^[8]

Philippines

Shakoy or siyakoy from the Visayas Islands (also known as lubid-lubid in the northern Philippines) uses a length of dough twisted into a distinctive rope-like shape before being fried. The preparation is almost exactly the same as doughnuts, though there are variants made from glutinous rice flour. The texture can range from soft and fluffy to sticky and chewy. Hard and crunchy versions are known as pilipit. They are sprinkled with white sugar, but can also be topped with sesame seeds or caramelized sugar.^[9]^[10]^[11]

Vietnam

In Vietnam, it has a variety of name such as bánh quẩy thừng,^[12] bánh vặn thừng ('twisted-rope doughnut'), bánh vặn ('twisted doughnut'), bánh quai chèo ('oar rope doughnut'), bánh quẩy đường ('sweet twisted doughnut').

References

^ ^a ^b "Kkwabaegi" 꽈배기. Korean–English Learners' Dictionary. National Institute of Korean Language. Retrieved 19 August 2017.
^ "Ma Hua - China". Wesley Tanaka. Archived from the original on 2016-04-03. Retrieved 2020-11-25.
^ ^a ^b Kaiserman, Beth (24 September 2016). "A Brief History of the Doughnut". Highbrow. Retrieved 19 August 2017.
^ "Flavor fanatics open Coffee Break Cafe". Corvallis Gazette Times. 2016-02-08. Retrieved 2017-08-20.
^ "Mahua: the Tianjin Treat". The World of Chinese. 2016-02-16. Archived from the original on 2021-06-28. Retrieved 2020-11-25.
^ "Tasting Tianjin with its signature foods[1]- Chinadaily.com.cn". www.chinadaily.com.cn. Retrieved 2020-11-25.
^ "18th Street Fried Dough Twists". CRIENGLISH.com. 2009-09-28. Archived from the original on 2016-03-06. Retrieved 2020-11-24.
^ ^a ^b Shah, Khushbu (30 December 2015). "Pastries Born in France, Raised in South Korea". Eater. Retrieved 19 August 2017.
^ "How to cook Shakoy". Pinoy Recipes. Retrieved 3 January 2015.
^ "Shakoy or Lubid-Lubid Recipe". Ping Desserts. 29 September 2012. Retrieved 3 January 2015.
^ "Pilipit". Kawaling Pinoy Tasty Recipes. 29 November 2013. Retrieved 26 March 2019.
^ "Làm quẩy thừng thơm giòn đúng chất Hà Nội để dành nhâm nhi ngày lạnh". aFamily (in Vietnamese). 2016-11-16. Retrieved 2019-08-11.