Krasny Kholm, Krasnokholmsky District, Tver Oblast
Krasny Kholm
Красный Холм | |
|---|---|
.png) Coat of arms | |
Location of Krasny Kholm  | |
  Krasny Kholm Location of Krasny Kholm  Krasny Kholm Krasny Kholm (Tver Oblast) | |
| Coordinates: 58°04′N 37°07′E / 58.067°N 37.117°E | |
| Country | Russia |
| Federal subject | Tver Oblast[1] |
| Administrative district | Krasnokholmsky District[2] |
| Urban settlement | Krasny Kholm[2] |
| First mentioned | 1518 |
| Town status since | 1776 |
| Elevation | 150 m (490 ft) |
| Population | |
• Total | 5,608 |
| • Capital of | Krasnokholmsky District,[4] Krasny Kholm Urban Settlement[2] |
| • Municipal district | Krasnokholmsky Municipal District[5] |
| • Urban settlement | Krasny Kholm Urban Settlement[5] |
| • Capital of | Krasnokholmsky Municipal District,[6] Krasny Kholm Urban Settlement[5] |
| Time zone | UTC+3 (MSK  [7]) |
| Postal code(s)[8] | 171660, 171661, 171679 |
| OKTMO ID | 28632101001 |
Krasny Kholm (Russian: Кра́сный Холм) is a town and the administrative center of Krasnokholmsky District in Tver Oblast, Russia. Population: 5,608 (2010 Census);[3] 6,396 (2002 Census);[9] 7,875 (1989 Soviet census).[10]
History
[edit]What is now Krasny Kholm was first attested as the village of Spas-na-Kholmu as early as 1518.[citation needed] The village belonged to the Antoniyev Monastery of St. Nicholas until its lands were secularized in 1764. In the course of the administrative reform carried out in 1708 by Peter the Great, the area was included into Ingermanland Governorate (known since 1710 as Saint Petersburg Governorate), but in 1727 it was transferred to Moscow Governorate.[citation needed] In 1775, Tver Viceroyalty was formed from the lands which previously belonged to Moscow and Novgorod Governorates,[citation needed] and in 1776, Krasnokholmsky Uyezd was established as a part of Tver Viceroyalty.[11] In 1776, the village was granted town status and received its current name.[citation needed] In 1796, the viceroyalty was transformed into Tver Governorate; Krasnokholmsky Uyezd was abolished, with its territory transferred to Vesyegonsky Uyezd.[11] The railway between Rybinsk and St. Petersburg reached the town in 1899, boosting its development.
On March 10, 1918, Krasnokholmsky Uyezd was re-established.[11] On April 25, 1921, it was transferred to newly established Rybinsk Governorate.[12] On February 6, 1923, Rybinsk Governorate was abolished[citation needed] and the uyezd was transferred back to Tver Governorate.[12] On March 3, 1924, Krasnokholmsky Uyezd was abolished and split between Bezhetsky and Vesyegonsky Uyezds.[12]
On July 12, 1929 the governorates and uyezds were abolished.[12] Krasnokholmsky District, with the administrative center in Krasny Kholm, was established within Bezhetsk Okrug of Moscow Oblast on the territories which previously belonged to Bezhetsky and Vesyegonsky Uyezds.[12] On July 23, 1930, the okrugs were abolished and the districts were directly subordinated to the oblast.[13] On January 29, 1935, Krasnokholmsky District was transferred to newly established Kalinin Oblast.[12]
Administrative and municipal status
[edit]Within the framework of administrative divisions, Krasny Kholm serves as the administrative center of Krasnokholmsky District.[4] As an administrative division, it is, together with two rural localities, incorporated within Krasnokholmsky District as Krasny Kholm Urban Settlement.[2] As a municipal division, this administrative unit also has urban settlement status and is a part of Krasnokholmsky Municipal District.[5]
Economy
[edit]Industry
[edit]The main industrial enterprise in the town is Krasny Kholm Electromechanical Plant. There are enterprises of timber, textile, and food industries as well.[14]
Transportation
[edit]
A railway connecting Moscow and Mga via Sonkovo and Pestovo passes through Krasny Kholm. Krasny Kholm railway station is a major station in the town.
Krasny Kholm is connected by roads with Ustyuzhna via Vesyegonsk, with Tver via Bezhetsk, and with Sandovo via Molokovo. There are also local roads with bus traffic originating from Krasny Kholm.
Culture and recreation
[edit]Krasny Kholm contains thirteen cultural heritage monuments of federal significance and additionally forty objects classified as cultural and historical heritage of local significance. The federal monuments are the buildings of the Antoniyev Krasnokholmsky Monastery.[15] On the bank of the Mologa River, within two miles from the town, lie the ruins of the Antoniyev Monastery. The monastery cathedral was commissioned by Andrey Bolshoy in 1481; it was consecrated in 1493 and was rebuilt in limestone half a century later. This building—the oldest in the oblast—was reduced by the Bolsheviks to rubble; it still stands roofless and continues to decay. The Intercession Church (1596), as well as 17th-century walls and cells, were either demolished or mutilated beyond repair.
Krasnokholmsky District Museum, located in Krasny Holm, was established in 1964. It has expositions on local history.[16]
Notable people
[edit]Krasny Kholm was the birthplace of Oleg Lomakin and Alexander Myasnikov, who was one of the most famous therapists of the Soviet period. Myasnikov was present at Stalin's dacha (Kuntsevo Dacha) in the last days of Stalin.[citation needed]
It is also thought that Krasny Kholm is linked to the myth of Kitezh.[citation needed]
References
[edit]Notes
[edit]- ^ a b Law #34-ZO
- ^ a b c d Law #34-ZO stipulates that the borders of the settlements (administrative-territorial divisions) are identical to the borders of the urban and rural settlements (municipal divisions), and that the borders of the administrative districts are identical to the borders of the municipal districts. Law #32-ZO, which describes the borders and the composition of the municipal formations in Krasnokholmsky Municipal District, lists the town of Krasny Kholm as a part and the administrative center of Krasny Kholm Urban Settlement of that district.
- ^ a b Russian Federal State Statistics Service (2011). Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года. Том 1 [2010 All-Russian Population Census, vol. 1]. Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года [2010 All-Russia Population Census] (in Russian). Federal State Statistics Service.
- ^ a b Государственный комитет Российской Федерации по статистике. Комитет Российской Федерации по стандартизации, метрологии и сертификации. №ОК 019-95 1 января 1997 г. «Общероссийский классификатор объектов административно-территориального деления. Код 28 232», в ред. изменения №278/2015 от 1 января 2016 г.. (State Statistics Committee of the Russian Federation. Committee of the Russian Federation on Standardization, Metrology, and Certification. #OK 019-95 January 1, 1997 Russian Classification of Objects of Administrative Division (OKATO). Code 28 232, as amended by the Amendment #278/2015 of January 1, 2016. ).
- ^ a b c d Law #32-ZO
- ^ Law #4-ZO
- ^ "Об исчислении времени". Официальный интернет-портал правовой информации (in Russian). June 3, 2011. Retrieved January 19, 2019.
- ^ Почта России. Информационно-вычислительный центр ОАСУ РПО. (Russian Post). Поиск объектов почтовой связи (Postal Objects Search) (in Russian)
- ^ Federal State Statistics Service (May 21, 2004). Численность населения России, субъектов Российской Федерации в составе федеральных округов, районов, городских поселений, сельских населённых пунктов – районных центров и сельских населённых пунктов с населением 3 тысячи и более человек [Population of Russia, Its Federal Districts, Federal Subjects, Districts, Urban Localities, Rural Localities—Administrative Centers, and Rural Localities with Population of Over 3,000] (XLS). Всероссийская перепись населения 2002 года [All-Russia Population Census of 2002] (in Russian).
- ^ Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 г. Численность наличного населения союзных и автономных республик, автономных областей и округов, краёв, областей, районов, городских поселений и сёл-райцентров [All Union Population Census of 1989: Present Population of Union and Autonomous Republics, Autonomous Oblasts and Okrugs, Krais, Oblasts, Districts, Urban Settlements, and Villages Serving as District Administrative Centers]. Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 года [All-Union Population Census of 1989] (in Russian). Институт демографии Национального исследовательского университета: Высшая школа экономики [Institute of Demography at the National Research University: Higher School of Economics]. 1989 – via Demoscope Weekly.
- ^ a b c Краснохолмский уезд (in Russian). Энциклопедический справочник "Тверская Область". Retrieved August 22, 2014.
- ^ a b c d e f Справка об изменениях в административно-территориальном делении Тверской губернии - Калининской области (in Russian). Архивы России. Archived from the original on April 19, 2012. Retrieved August 22, 2014.
- ^ Snytko et al., p. 87
- ^ Промышленность (in Russian). Администрация Краснохолмского района. Archived from the original on September 25, 2013. Retrieved August 1, 2013.
- ^ Памятники истории и культуры народов Российской Федерации (in Russian). Russian Ministry of Culture. Retrieved June 2, 2016.
- ^ Краснохолмский краеведческий музей (in Russian). Российская сеть культурного наследия. Retrieved July 26, 2013.
Sources
[edit]- Законодательное Собрание Тверской области. Закон №34-ЗО от 17 апреля 2006 г. «Об административно-территориальном устройстве Тверской области», в ред. Закона №66-ЗО от 1 октября 2014 г. «О внесении изменения в статью 18 Закона Тверской области "Об административно-территориальном устройстве Тверской области"». Вступил в силу со дня официального опубликования. Опубликован: "Тверские ведомости", №17 (специальный выпуск), 19 апреля 2006 г. (Legislative Assembly of Tver Oblast. Law #34-ZO of April 17, 2006 On the Administrative-Territorial Structure of Tver Oblast, as amended by the Law #66-ZO of October 1, 2014 On Amending Article 18 of the Law of Tver Oblast "On the Administrative-Territorial Structure of Tver Oblast". Effective as of the official publication date.).
- Законодательное Собрание Тверской области. Закон №32-ЗО от 28 февраля 2005 г. «Об установлении границ муниципальных образований, входящих в состав территории муниципального образования Тверской области "Краснохолмский район", и наделении их статусом городского, сельского поселения», в ред. Закона №33-ЗО от 30 мая 2013 г. «О представительных органах и главах вновь образованных муниципальных образований Тверской области и о внесении изменений в отдельные Законы Тверской области». Вступил в силу со дня официального опубликования. Опубликован: "Тверские ведомости", №10, 11–17 марта 2005 г. (Legislative Assembly of Tver Oblast. Law #32-ZO of February 28, 2005 On Establishing the Borders of the Municipal Formations Comprised by the Territory of the Municipal Formation of "Krasnokholmsky District" and on Granting Them the Status of Urban, Rural Settlements, as amended by the Law #33-ZO of May 30, 2013 On the Representative Bodies and Heads of Newly Established Municipal Formations of Tver Oblast an on Amending Various Laws of Tver Oblast. Effective as of the day of the official publication.).
- Законодательное Собрание Тверской области. Закон №4-ЗО от 18 января 2005 г. «Об установлении границ муниципальных образований Тверской области и наделении их статусом городских округов, муниципальных районов», в ред. Закона №65-ЗО от 24 июля 2012 г. «О внесении изменения в статью 2 Закона Тверской области "Об установлении границ муниципальных образований Тверской области и наделении их статусом городских округов, муниципальных районов"». Вступил в силу через десять дней после официального опубликования. Опубликован: "Тверские ведомости", №3, 21–27 января 2005 г. (Legislative Assembly of Tver Oblast. Law #4-ZO of January 18, 2005 On Establishing the Borders of the Municipal Formations of Tver Oblast and on Granting Them the Status of Urban Okrugs, Municipal Districts, as amended by the Law #65-ZO of July 24, 2012 On Amending Article 2 of the Law of Tver Oblast "On Establishing the Borders of the Municipal Formations of Tver Oblast and on Granting Them the Status of Urban Okrugs, Municipal Districts". Effective as of the day which is ten days after the official publication.).
- Снытко, О. В.; et al. (2009). С. Д. Трифонов; Т. Б. Чуйкова; Л. В. Федина; А. Э. Дубоносова (eds.). Административно-территориальное деление Новгородской губернии и области 1727-1995 гг. Справочник. [Administrative-Territorial Division of Novgorod Governorate and Oblast in 1727–1995. A Reference.] (PDF) (in Russian). Saint Petersburg. Retrieved August 19, 2014.
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External links
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