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Wyclef Jean

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For the Young Thug song, see Wyclef Jean (song).
"Wyclef" redirects here. For similarly spelled articles, see Wycliffe (disambiguation).

Wyclef Jean
National Order of Honour and Merit
Jean performing in 2021
Born
Nel Ust Wyclef Jean

(1969-10-17) October 17, 1969 (age 55)
Croix-des-Bouquets, Haiti
Other names
  • Wyclef
  • Toussaint St. Jean
  • Nel
  • Clef
EducationFive Towns College
Berklee College of Music
Occupations
  • Rapper
  • singer
  • songwriter
  • record producer
  • multi-instrumentalist
Years active1989–present
OrganizationYéle Haiti
Works
Spouse
Claudinette Jean
​
(m. 1994)​
Children1
Relatives
AwardsFull list
Musical career
OriginNewark, New Jersey, U.S.
Genres
Instruments
  • Vocals
  • guitar
Labels
Formerly ofFugees
Websitewww.wyclef.com Edit this at Wikidata

Nel Ust Wyclef Jean[2] (/ˈwaɪklɛf ˈʒɒn/; born October 17, 1969)[2][3] is a Haitian rapper and record producer. At the age of nine,[4] he emigrated with his family to the Northeastern United States. In 1990, he formed the New Jersey–based hip hop trio Fugees with fellow musicians Lauryn Hill and Pras Michel. Jean served as lead guitarist and producer. The group released the albums Blunted on Reality (1994) and The Score (1996), the latter becoming one of the best-selling albums of all time. Following their success, Jean released his debut solo album, Wyclef Jean Presents The Carnival (1997), which yielded the Billboard Hot 100-top ten single "Gone till November".

In 1997, Jean guest featured on Destiny Child's breakout single "No, No, No". Afterwards, he co-wrote the 1999 singles "My Love Is Your Love" for Whitney Houston, and "Maria Maria" for Santana. His second solo album, The Ecleftic: 2 Sides II a Book (2000) was supported by the top 40 single "911" (featuring Mary J. Blige), and received platinum certification by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA). His third album, Masquerade (2002), peaked within the top ten of the Billboard 200. He guest performed on Shakira's 2006 single, "Hips Don't Lie", which peaked atop the Billboard Hot 100. The following year, his single "Sweetest Girl (Dollar Bill)" (featuring Akon, Lil Wayne and Niia) peaked within the top 20 of the chart and led his sixth studio album, Carnival Vol. II: Memoirs of an Immigrant (2007). The album moderately entered the Billboard 200 and marked his final to be released by a major label.

In 2007, Jean was appointed Ambassador-at-Large of the Republic of Haiti by President René Préval.[5] In 2010, he filed for candidacy in the 2010 Haitian presidential election.[6] However, Haiti's Provisional Electoral Council ruled him ineligible to stand for office, as he had not met the constitutional requirement to have been a resident in Haiti for five years prior to the election.[3][7] Jean's highly publicized efforts to raise relief funds after the 2010 Haitian earthquake were channeled through his charitable organization, Yéle Haiti. The charity, which conducted education and welfare activities in Haiti between 2005 and 2010, effectively closed in 2012. The New York Times reported that much of the earnings raised by the organization in the Hope for Haiti Now telethon were retained by Jean.[8]

He is the recipient of three Grammy Awards, the BET Humanitarian Award, and a Vanguard Award from the NAACP Image Awards, in addition to being nominated for a Golden Globe Award for his musical work.[9][10][11] In 2011, President Michel Martelly of Haiti awarded Jean with the National Order of Honour and Merit to the rank of Grand Officer. Jean has also been inducted into the New Jersey Hall of Fame. Jean is one of the artists who have reached the most radio charts on Billboard.[12]

Early life

[edit]

Named after the biblical scholar John Wycliffe,[13] Wyclef Jean was born in Croix-des-Bouquets, Haiti[2] on October 17, 1969.[14] At nine years old, he emigrated with his family to Brooklyn, New York City, and ultimately settled in East Orange and Newark, New Jersey. Jean began to make music as a child, and as a teen, his mother, having recognized his musical talent, bought him a guitar. He has cited reggae artist Bigga Haitian as one of his early influences, as well as neighborhood heroes MC Tiger Paw Raw and producer Lobster v. Crab.[15] He has stated that he played music to earn respect.[16]

Jean graduated from Newark's Vailsburg High School and enrolled for one semester at Five Towns College in New York.[17] In 2009 he enrolled in the Berklee College of Music to pursue his diploma.[18] Jean has been a resident of Saddle River, South Orange, and North Caldwell, New Jersey.[19][20]

Music career

[edit]

Fugees (1988–1997)

[edit]

Jean and other musicians formed a group in the 1980s under the name Tranzlator Crew. Jean and band member Lauryn Hill pursued a romantic relationship beginning in 1992, and ending in 1997, the year of the band's breakup. Jean later revealed that Hill's dishonesty about the parentage of her child, Zion David, caused the rift that split the group up.[21] After they signed with Ruffhouse Records and Columbia Records in 1993, they renamed their group the Fugees – an abbreviation of "refugees", and also a sometimes derogatory reference to Haitian immigrants.[22] The group's debut album, Blunted on Reality, was released in 1994. It achieved limited commercial success, peaking at number 62 on the US Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums chart. The album peaked at number 122 on the UK Albums Chart in 1997, and it was certified gold by the Syndicat National de l'Édition Phonographique (SNEP).[23][24][25] Blunted on Reality spawned three singles: "Boof Baf", "Nappy Heads" and "Vocab". "Nappy Heads" was the Fugees' first single to be ranked on the US Billboard Hot 100, charting at number 49.[26]

In 1996, the Fugees released their second album, titled The Score. The album achieved significant commercial success in the U.S., topping the Billboard 200. It was later certified as six-times platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA). It performed well in several overseas nations, topping the Austrian, Canadian, French, German and Swiss albums charts, while also peaking at number two in Sweden and the United Kingdom.[24][27][28][29]

Four commercially successful singles were released from The Score; "Fu-Gee-La", the first single from the album, peaked at number 29 on the Billboard Hot 100 and was certified gold by the RIAA and by the Bundesverband Musikindustrie (BVMI).[26][30] The other three singles – "Killing Me Softly", "Ready or Not" and "No Woman, No Cry" – did not appear on the Billboard Hot 100 as they were not released for commercial sale, making them ineligible to appear on the chart,[31] although they all received sufficient airplay to appear on the Hot 100 Airplay and Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Airplay charts. "Killing Me Softly", a cover of the Roberta Flack song "Killing Me Softly with His Song", performed strongly in other territories, topping the singles charts in Australia, Austria, Germany and the United Kingdom, among several others.[32]

"Ready or Not" peaked at number one in the UK and at number three in Sweden. "No Woman, No Cry" – a cover of the Bob Marley & The Wailers song of the same name – topped the singles chart in New Zealand. The Fugees collaborated with singer Bounty Killer on the single "Hip-Hopera" and recorded the single "Rumble in the Jungle" for the soundtrack to the film When We Were Kings in 1997: although they have not released any studio albums since The Score, a compilation album, Greatest Hits, was released in 2003, and spawned the single "Take It Easy".[33]

1997–2004

[edit]

Start of solo career

[edit]

Jean announced plans to begin a solo career with 1997's Wyclef Jean Presents the Carnival Featuring the Refugee All-Stars (generally called The Carnival). The album's guests included Fugees members Lauryn Hill and Pras, along with Jean's siblings' group Melky Sedeck;[34] the I Threes (back-up vocals for Bob Marley); The Neville Brothers and Celia Cruz. The album was a hit, as were two singles: "We Trying to Stay Alive" (adapted from the Bee Gees' "Stayin' Alive") and "Gone till November" (recorded with the New York Philharmonic Orchestra).

Released in 2000, Jean's second solo album The Ecleftic: 2 Sides II a Book was recorded with guests including Youssou N'Dour; Earth, Wind & Fire; Kenny Rogers; The Rock; and Mary J. Blige. With Blige, he released "911" as a single. He was nominated for Best Hip-Hop Act at the 2000 MTV Europe Music Awards.[35][36]

Following the 9/11 attacks, Jean participated in the benefit concert America: A Tribute to Heroes, contributing a cover of the Bob Marley song "Redemption Song". His third album, Masquerade, was released in 2002. His fourth album, The Preacher's Son, was released in November 2003 as the follow-up to his first solo album, The Carnival. In 2004, he released his fifth album, Sak Pasé Presents: Welcome to Haïti (Creole 101) (released in the U.S. by Koch Records). Most of its songs are in his native language of Haitian Creole like "Fanm Kreyòl" with the French Caribbean Admiral T. Jean also figured on the album Mozaik Kreyòl of this one in the song "Secret Lover". He then covered Creedence Clearwater Revival's song "Fortunate Son" for the soundtrack of the film The Manchurian Candidate (2004) and wrote the song "Million Voices" for the film Hotel Rwanda (2004).[citation needed]

Songwriting and producing

[edit]

Jean co-wrote "My Love Is Your Love" for Whitney Houston's album of the same name. He produced and wrote songs for the soundtrack to Jonathan Demme's 2003 documentary The Agronomist, about the Haitian activist and radio personality Jean Dominique. With Jerry 'Wonder' Duplessis, Jean also composed the score of the documentary Ghosts of Cité Soleil,[37] He helped produce the film and appears briefly onscreen speaking by telephone in 2004 to a "chimere" gang-leader and aspiring rapper, Winston "2Pac" Jean.[38]

"Hips Don't Lie" and The Carnival Vol. II (2004–2009)

[edit]
Wyclef Jean performing at a UNAIDS concert in 2006

During a period between 2004 and 2006, fueled by a reunion performance in the documentary Dave Chappelle's Block Party (2005), it appeared that the Fugees would record a new album. However, Pras claimed to Billboard magazine, "To put it nicely, it's dead." Pras said the root of this animosity was the third member of the group, Lauryn Hill, and was quoted in Billboard as saying; "Me and Clef, we on the same page, but Lauryn Hill is in her zone, and I'm fed up with that shit. Here she is, blessed with a gift, with the opportunity to rock and give and she's running on some bullshit? I'm a fan of Lauryn's but I can't respect that."[39]

In 2006, Jean was featured in Shakira's smash hit "Hips Don't Lie". The song went on to reach number one in over 55 countries. Jean and Shakira went on to perform the song at the 2006 MTV Video Music Awards and the 2007 Grammy Awards. He joined Shakira on various dates of her Oral Fixation Tour in the U.S. Also in 2007, Jean scored the Angelina Jolie documentary A Place in Time.[40]

In August 2007, Jean released a new song called "Sweetest Girl (Dollar Bill)" featuring Lil Wayne, Niia and Akon, which references the song "C.R.E.A.M." by the Wu-Tang Clan. One month later he released an album that he recorded in Atlanta, Georgia, with the help of T.I., who also collaborated with Jean on the songs "You Know What it is" and "My Swag" on the latter's 2007 album, T.I. vs. T.I.P. In 2008, an upbeat single "Let Me Touch Your Button" featuring will.i.am was released in the UK in conjunction with Jean's involvement with UK MOTOROKRSTAR.[41] Jean released a song with Serj Tankian called "Riot".

In 2009, Jean was featured on the song "Spanish Fly" with Ludacris and Bachata group Aventura included on Aventura's album The Last, released in June. On June 17, 2009, Jean announced via Twitter that his new album would be called wyclefjean and was to be released sometime in February 2010.[citation needed] The first single from wyclefjean was to be titled "Seventeen" and feature Lil Wayne.[42] In August 2009, Jean unveiled his video "Haitian Slumdog Millionaire" featuring Haitian artist Imposs. Making a guest appearance in the video was New York City entrepreneur and philanthropist Ali Naqvi.

"Divine Sorrow" and World Cup Song (2009–2016)

[edit]

In November 2009, a track titled "Suicide Love" featuring rapper Eve leaked online prior to the release of his EP. Wyclef Jean's EP named From the Hut, to the Projects, to the Mansion was released on November 10, 2009. It includes seventeen tracks, featuring Eve, Cyndi Lauper, Timbaland, and Lil' Kim.[43] In this album, Wyclef uses the alias Toussaint St. Jean, his alter ego, when he raps.[44]

Jean's self-entitled studio album was due to be released in 2011, but has yet to surface. "Hold On", the lead single from the project, features dancehall artist Mavado.[43] In May 2014, a Jean video, "April Showers", was banned from YouTube after Cathy Scott, author of The Killing of Tupac Shakur, lodged a copyright infringement complaint claiming an image in the video was similar to an autopsy photo released in her book. YouTube temporally banned the video.[45] TMZ, which broke the story, reported that Scott and the video's director, Hezues R', had settled the matter and agreed that Hezues R' would include a screen credit to the book at the end of the video.[46]

Jean worked with Avicii on a single titled "Divine Sorrow" from his upcoming EP J'Ouvert. He collaborated again with Avicii in 2015 on the song "Can't Catch Me" on the album Stories, which also featured Matisyahu. This marks the third collaboration with Avicii and Jean, following "Dar um Jeito (We Will Find a Way)" and "Divine Sorrow".[47]

Jean appeared as a featured vocalist in The Knocks' single "Kiss The Sky", which was released in January 2016. This song was part of their debut album, entitled 55, released in March 2016. Jean was also featured on the Young Thug song "Kanye West", from the rapper's mixtape Jeffery, released in August 2016.

Wyclef collaborated with Young Thug on his Mixtape Jeffery, and "I Swear".

Wyclef wrote an autobiography entitled Purpose: An Immigrant's Story with the help of journalist Anthony Bozza, published in September 2012.[48]

Carnival III and Wyclef Goes Back to School (since 2016)

[edit]

On May 17, 2016, Wyclef released his first song in two years, which gave hints to a new album release.[49] A month later on June 17, he released a new song called Hendrix,[50] and later released a short film featuring Michael K. Williams.[51] He then did many interviews teasing that his new J'ouvert Extended Play would drop in November.[52] Although, this release was pushed back into February. To promote his EP, he did a concert at Terminal 5.[53] On October 14, 2016, Wyclef released an election song called "If I Was President 2016" that would be featured on his J'ouvert EP.[54] On November 1, 2016, he released a song that he had collaborated on with Young Thug. The song was called "I Swear", which is also featured on his EP.[55] Wyclef had also collaborated on Young Thug's Jeffery Mixtape, and was featured on Thug's song "Kanye West".[56] Young Thug also had a song named "Wyclef Jean" that was named after him because he was such a big influence.[57]

In January 2017, Wyclef announced that his J'ouvert EP would be released on February 3, 2017.[58] On February 2, 2017, Wyclef released his new single "Ne Me Quitte Pas",[59] which was featured on his J'ouvert Deluxe EP. The EP was released and charted at 117 on the Billboard 200,[60] and 50 on the Canadian Hot Albums.[61] Four more singles were released from the album, "Life Matters", "The Ring", "Holding onto the Edge" and "Little Things".[62] On June 9, Wyclef announced on his Instagram that Carnival III: The Fall and Rise of a Refugee would become available to pre-order on June 22, 2017.[63]

In November 2017, Wyclef released his, Wyclef Jean Inspired By[64] mixtape. The mixtape features reworks of some of today's most popular records like Kendrick Lamar's "DNA." The project also offers up social commentary in the track, "Chain Gang Free Meek Mill", features an original song called, "Camels and Ferraris", and also pays tribute to the late Whitney Houston on, "Inspired By Whitney".

In December 2017, Wyclef along with Naughty Boy appeared on the final of the fourteenth series of The X Factor, guest performing "Dimelo" with contestants Rak-Su. Rak-Su won and the performance was released as the winner's single.[65]

On December 25, 2017, Wyclef announced The Carnival Tour via social media.[66] The tour had two legs with a total of 56 shows. It started on February 9, 2018, and ended on October 26, 2018.

On March 8, 2019, Wyclef released his ninth studio album, Wyclef Goes Back to School Volume 1.

Yéle Haiti

[edit]
Main article: Yéle Haiti

In 2001, Jean established Yéle Haiti, a charitable organization known legally as the Wyclef Jean Foundation and incorporated in Illinois. Following 2004's Hurricane Jeanne, the organization provided scholarships to 3,600 children in Gonaïves, Haiti. It continued to provide scholarships, school funding, meals and other charitable benefits to citizens of Haiti in the following years.

After the 2010 Haitian earthquake, Yéle became prominent in raising funds for disaster relief. According to Jean, Yéle raised over $1 million in 24 hours over Twitter.[67] Jean took part in an MTV donation drive and other publicized fundraising,[68] such as the Hope for Haiti Now telethon, which he organized with actor and producer George Clooney.[69] Yéle donated funds to orphanages, street cleaning crews, hospitals and medical clinics and organized food service to provide hot meals to refugees and victims of the catastrophe.[70][71][72][73]

By February 2010, questions were reported about the history and management of Yéle. The New York Times reported that the charity had failed to file tax returns for several years. The former executive director, Sanjay Rawal, questioned Yéle's ability to handle large projects and criticized its lack of financial controls.[74]

By August 2012, chief executive Derek Q. Johnson was the last remaining officer of the charity. He resigned and announced that Yéle was closed, saying in a statement, "As the foundation's sole remaining employee, my decision implies the closure of the organization as a whole." New York Attorney General Eric T. Schneiderman investigated Yéle and attempted to reach a settlement over allegations of mismanagement. Schneiderman said that the charity had made improper payments to Jean, members of his family, and personal acquaintances. In 2010, after the earthquake in Haiti, Yéle spent more than $9 million – with half of it going to travel expenses by Jean and his entourage, consultants' fees, and real estate fees. The charity has been the subject of lawsuits in Haiti for unpaid debts.[73]

Politics

[edit]

Jean has supported politicians in Haiti. In 2011 he told Women's Wear Daily that he was "a big fan of Sarah Palin", former vice-presidential candidate of the Republican Party.[75] It was reported erroneously that Jean would be attending the 2012 Republican National Convention in Tampa.[76][77]

2010 Haitian presidential campaign

[edit]

On August 5, 2010, Wyclef confirmed rumors that he was running for president of Haiti during an interview with CNN's Wolf Blitzer. The journalist questioned the rapper's citizenship qualifications, asking about his passport. Exclaim! magazine reported at the time that Jean would retire as chairman of Yéle Haiti.[78] On August 5, Jean formally filed papers as a candidate for the 2010 Haitian presidential election.[79][80] Wyclef intended to run as a candidate for the Viv Ansanm (Live Together) political party.[80]

On August 20, 2010, his bid for candidacy was rejected by Haiti's Provisional Electoral Council. He was turned down because he did not meet the constitutional residency requirement of having lived in Haiti for five years before the November 28 election.[7] Jean said, "I respectfully accept the committee's final decision, and I urge my supporters to do the same".[81]

Appearances in television and film

[edit]
Jean at the 2008 Toronto International Film Festival
  • In 2002, Jean played the part of Richie Effs in the Jamaican crime film Shottas, about two young men who participate in organized crime in Kingston, Jamaica, and Miami, Florida.[82][83]
  • On a 2004 episode of Chappelle's Show, he appeared as the musical guest and played a remix of his song "President" from the 2004 album Welcome to Haiti: Creole 101.
  • He starred in Virgin Mobile commercials as himself.[84]
  • In 2005, he appeared in the film One Last Thing.... His character is a cab driver named Emmett Ducasse. It is implied he is an angel due to being in the main character's "Heaven". Wyclef also has an original track entitled "Heaven's in New York" that is the closing credits first song.
  • Also in 2005, Wyclef appeared in four episodes of the hit NBC prime-time television drama Third Watch as Marcel Hollis, a gang leader responsible for blowing up the police precinct house in the final episode of the series.
  • In December 2007, starred in the four-part MTV exclusive online short-film Americlef.[85][86]
  • May 20, 2008: At the Gansevoort Hotel, Wyclef Jean in partnership with the WFP and PADF launched "Together for Haiti" to address the hunger crisis in Haiti[87] members of the American and international television and print media were invited to cover the news.
  • May 14, 2009: Jean appeared in an episode of 30 Rock entitled Kidney Now!, the final episode of Season 3.
  • February 19, 2012: The Apprentice season 12, Episode 1: "Hero Worship"
  • He appeared on the PBS show The Electric Company[88]
  • From 2012 to 2013, he appeared as Dominic "Domino" King, the head of a music label on the ABC drama series Nashville.
  • In 2016, Wyclef appeared in an episode of Law & Order: Special Victims Unit in which played the CEO of a record company[89]
  • In 2017 December 2, Wyclef Jean joined the X-Factor UK winning male band Rak-su in the finals performing alongside English DJ Naughty Boy on the quartet's smash single 'Dimelo'
  • On 2017 January 19, Wyclef Jean appeared as a diner on Episode 13 of Hell's Kitchen (U.S. season 17).
  • In 2021, Wyclef had a resurgence into the public eye when TMZ posted a video of him and the CEO of Jaguar, Joe Eberhardt, attending a leadership conference. During a dance party, the CEO of Jaguar was seen dancing on Wyclef's shoulders. Wyclef accidentally dropped him and everyone rushed over to help.[90]

Writing

[edit]

In 2012 Jean published his memoir called Purpose: An Immigrant's Story.[8] and which takes him through the turmoil of immigration, The book depicts with painful detail,[91] the story of his childhood in Haiti, to his rise to the American music scene. Wyclef describes growing up in Haiti so poor, he actually ate dirt.[92] Purpose is considered one of the top ten reads for Haitian Americans as per the Haitian Times.[93]

Personal life

[edit]

Jean had a relationship with Lauryn Hill.[94] In 1994, he married Marie Claudinette, a designer for Fusha.[95] In 2005, they adopted their daughter, Angelina Claudinelle Jean. The couple renewed their vows in August 2009.[96]

One of Jean's cousins is Raymond Alcide Joseph, a political activist, journalist and diplomat.[97][98]

Discography

[edit]
Main article: Wyclef Jean discography

Filmography

[edit]

Film

[edit]
Year Film Role Ref.
2002 Shottas Richie
The Country Bears Himself
2003 Full Clip Narrator
2005 Be Cool Wyclef Jean
One Last Thing... Emmett Ducasse
Dirty Baine
2006 Full Clip Narrator
Rap Sheet: Hip-Hop and the Cops Himself [101]
2007 Redline (uncredited)
2012 Black November Timi Gabriel

Television

[edit]
Year Show Role Ref.
1999 MOBO Awards Presenter with Melanie B
2001 Carmen: A Hip Hopera (TV Movie) Fortune Teller
2003 America's Next Top Model Himself
2004 Chappelle's Show Himself 2 episodes
2005 Third Watch Marcel Hollis
2009 The Electric Company Himself – He Needs a Kidney Performed by
2012–2013 Nashville Dominic Wells
2016 Law & Order: Special Victims Unit
(Episode: "Broken Rhymes")		 Vincent Love
2018 Hell's Kitchen Himself – Restaurant Patron
UnSung

Awards and nominations

[edit]

Golden Globe Awards

[edit]

source, Golden Globe Awards:[10]

Year Nominee / work Award Result
2004 "Million Voices” – Hotel Rwanda Golden Globe Award for Best Original Song Nominated

Grammy Awards

[edit]

Source, Grammy Award wins:[102]

Year Nominee / work Award Result
1997 The Score Album of the Year Nominated
Best Rap Album Won
"Killing Me Softly" Best R&B Performance by a Duo or Group with Vocal Won
1998 "Guantanamera" (featuring Celia Cruz and Jeni Fujita) Best Rap Performance by a Duo or Group Nominated
The Carnival Best Rap Album Nominated
1999 "Gone till November" Best Rap Solo Performance Nominated
2000 Supernatural (as a producer) Album of the Year Won
2001 "911" (with Mary J. Blige) Best R&B Performance by a Duo or Group with Vocal Nominated
2006 "Million Voices" (shared with Jerry Duplessis and Andrea Guerra) Best Song Written for Visual Media Nominated
2007 "Hips Don't Lie" (with Shakira) Best Pop Collaboration with Vocals Nominated

MTV Video Music Awards

[edit]
Year Nominee / work Award Result
1998 "Gone till November" Best R&B Video Won
Best Direction in a Video Nominated
"We Trying to Stay Alive" Best Choreography in a Video Nominated
2020 "Dear Future Self (Hands Up)" (with Fall Out Boy) Best Rock Nominated

Other honors

[edit]

In 2011, President Michel Martelly of Haiti awarded Jean with the National Order of Honour and Merit to the rank of Grand Officer "as a sign of high consideration national for his dedication to the promotion of Haiti around the world."[103]

In 2017, Jean was inducted into the New Jersey Hall of Fame.[104]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ Jaynes, Gerald D. (February 1, 2005). Encyclopedia of African American Society. SAGE Publications. ISBN 9781452265414. Archived from the original on April 23, 2024. Retrieved November 13, 2020 – via Google Books.
  2. ^ a b c "Wyclef Jean Biography – Facts, Birthday, Life Story". Biography.com (FYI / A&E Networks). Archived from the original on January 18, 2014. Retrieved March 21, 2017.
  3. ^ a b "Wyclef Dumped From Haiti's Presidential Ballo". Time. August 21, 2010. Archived from the original on July 30, 2016. Retrieved March 21, 2017. Before he announced on August 5 that he was running for President of Haiti, Wyclef Jean was still listing his age as only 37 years old. But after declaring himself a presidential candidate, the Haitian hip-hop star also decided to come clean and confirm that he was really 40.
  4. ^ "Wyclef Jean steps toward Haitian presidential race". Reuters. July 30, 2010. Archived from the original on October 5, 2010. Retrieved July 3, 2017.
  5. ^ NME (January 4, 2007). "Wyclef becomes 'ambassador'". NME. Archived from the original on April 5, 2023. Retrieved April 5, 2023.
  6. ^ Joseph Guyler Delva,"Wyclef Jean registers as Haiti presidential contender" Archived August 9, 2010, at the Wayback Machine, reuters.com, August 6, 2010. Retrieved October 19, 2014.
  7. ^ a b Wyclef Jean to appeal against Haiti election ruling Archived October 21, 2018, at the Wayback Machine, bbc.co.uk, August 22, 2010.
    "Haiti's electoral commission said that Mr Jean was ineligible to stand as the Haitian constitution requires candidates to have lived in the country for five years prior to an election. The 40-year-old singer lives in the US."
  8. ^ a b Deborah Sontag (October 11, 2012). "In Haiti, Little Can Be Found of a Hip-Hop Artists Charity". New York Times. Archived from the original on February 3, 2017. Retrieved February 23, 2017.
  9. ^ Past Winners Search Archived March 4, 2016, at the Wayback Machine, National Academy of Recording Arts and Sciences. Retrieved October 19, 2014.
  10. ^ a b "Wyclef Jean". www.goldenglobes.com. Archived from the original on April 21, 2021. Retrieved April 21, 2021.
  11. ^ "Wyclef Jean". IMDb. Archived from the original on April 27, 2023. Retrieved April 27, 2023.
  12. ^ "Post Malone Secures His First Hit on Country Airplay Chart With 'Pickup Man'". Billboard. November 14, 2023. Archived from the original on November 20, 2023. Retrieved November 19, 2023.
  13. ^ Jean, Wyclef [@wyclef] (April 29, 2012). "MY DAD NAMED ME AFTER 'John Wycliffe' A REFORMATATOR FROM THE 14TH CENTURY SAYING! ' I BELIEVE IN THE END THE TRUTH WILL CONQUER'" (Tweet). Archived from the original on November 8, 2020. Retrieved June 9, 2021 – via Twitter.
  14. ^ Hassan, Genevieve. "Profile: Wyclef Jean". BBC News. Archived from the original on May 13, 2018. Retrieved April 23, 2018. Despite leaving Haiti in 1979, Jean has kept his Haitian citizenship
  15. ^ "Reggae Artists – Reggae Artists – Black Rat: Max Wayne". Bigupradio.com. Archived from the original on January 30, 2010. Retrieved June 26, 2010.
  16. ^ ANAND GIRIDHARADAS, "The Would-Be Prince of Port-au-Prince" Archived February 2, 2017, at the Wayback Machine, New York Times Magazine, 15 July 2011; accessed 30 January 2017
  17. ^ Kurczy, Stephen (August 5, 2010). "Wyclef Jean for Haiti president: Four challenges he'll face". The Christian Science Monitor. Archived from the original on November 26, 2010. Retrieved November 28, 2010.
  18. ^ Bush, Allen (October 2, 2009). "Wyclef Jean Enrolls in Berklee". Berklee College of Music. Archived from the original on August 8, 2010. Retrieved November 28, 2010.
  19. ^ Cruz, Alicia. "Did Wyclef Jean fake his gunshot injury in Haiti?" Archived March 26, 2011, at the Wayback Machine, NewJerseyNewsroom.com, March 23, 2011. Retrieved January 3, 2012. "Wyclef Jean, a North Caldwell resident, told media outlets a bullet grazed his hand in the hand as he stood outside of his vehicle to make a phone call late Sunday night. Jean, who was born in Croix-des-Bouquets, Haiti, added that he did not know if the alleged gunshots were directed towards him."
  20. ^ Century, Douglas (February 11, 2007), "Alpine, N.J., Home of Hip-Hop Royalty", The New York Times, archived from the original on December 29, 2012, retrieved February 16, 2008
  21. ^ "Wyclef Jean Told Story of Lauryn Hill's Pregnancy for 'Closure to a Chapter'". MTV. Archived from the original on November 8, 2021. Retrieved November 8, 2021.
  22. ^ "Fugees: Overview". AllMusic. Archived from the original on October 15, 2012. Retrieved September 10, 2012.
  23. ^ "Fugees – Chart History: R&B/Hip-Hop Albums". Billboard. Retrieved February 20, 2013.
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2009 		Succeeded by
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