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William Keepers Maxwell Jr.

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
William Maxwell
Born(1908-08-16)August 16, 1908
Lincoln, Illinois, U.S.
DiedJuly 31, 2000(2000-07-31) (aged 91)
New York City, U.S.
Occupation
  • Editor
  • novelist
  • short story writer
EducationUniversity of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign (BA)
Harvard University (MA)
GenreDomestic realism

William Keepers Maxwell Jr. (August 16, 1908 – July 31, 2000) was an American editor, novelist, short story writer, essayist, children's author, and memoirist. He served as a fiction editor at The New Yorker from 1936 to 1975. An editor devoted to his writers, Maxwell became a mentor and confidant to many authors.

Early life

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Maxwell was born in Lincoln, Illinois, on August 16, 1908. His parents were William Keepers Maxwell and Eva Blossom (née Blinn) Maxwell. During the 1918 flu epidemic, the 10-year-old Maxwell became ill and survived, but his mother died. After his mother's death, the boy was sent to live with an aunt and uncle in Bloomington, Illinois. His father remarried, and young Maxwell joined him in Chicago. He attended Senn High School. He received his B.A. summa cum laude from the University of Illinois in 1930 where he was class salutatorian, elected to Phi Beta Kappa,[1] poetry editor of The Daily Illini,[2] and a member of Sigma Pi fraternity.[3] Maxwell earned an A.M. at Harvard University.[4] Maxwell taught English briefly at the University of Illinois where he served as faculty advisor to his fraternity and published an article about it in the fraternity's magazine[5] before moving to New York.

Career

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Maxwell was best known for being a fiction editor of The New Yorker magazine for thirty-nine years (1936–1975), where he worked with writers such as Sylvia Townsend Warner, Vladimir Nabokov, John Updike, J. D. Salinger, John Cheever, Mavis Gallant, Frank O'Connor, Larry Woiwode, Maeve Brennan, John O'Hara, Eudora Welty, Shirley Hazzard, and Isaac Bashevis Singer. Welty wrote of him as an editor: "For fiction writers, he was the headquarters."[6]

He also wrote six novels, short stories and essays, children's stories, and a memoir, Ancestors (1972). His fiction has recurring themes of childhood, family, loss, and lives changed quietly and irreparably. Much of his work is autobiographical, particularly concerning the loss of his mother when he was 10 years old and growing up in rural Midwestern United States. After the flu epidemic, young Maxwell had to move away from his house, which he referred to as the "Wunderkammer" or "Chamber of Wonders". He spoke of his loss, "It happened too suddenly, with no warning, and we none of us could believe it or bear it ... the beautiful, imaginative, protected world of my childhood swept away."[7]

In 1968, Maxwell was elected president of the National Institute of Arts and Letters.[8]

Maxwell was a friend and correspondent of the English writer Sylvia Townsend Warner, and was her literary executor. He edited a volume of her letters, and a further volume of his correspondence with her, The Element of Lavishness, was published in 2001.

Since his death in 2000, several biographical works about him have been published, including A William Maxwell Portrait: Memories and Appreciations (W. W. Norton & Co., 2004), My Mentor: A Young Man's Friendship with William Maxwell by Alec Wilkinson (Houghton-Mifflin, 2002), and William Maxwell: A Literary Life by Barbara Burkhardt (University of Illinois Press, 2005).

In 2008, the Library of America published the first of two collections of works by Maxwell, Early Novels and Stories, edited by Christopher Carduff. His collected edition of Maxwell's fiction, published to mark the writer's centenary, was completed by publication of the second volume, Later Novels and Stories, in the fall of 2008.

Personal life

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William Maxwell married Emily Gilman Noyes of Portland, Oregon. Emily Maxwell was an accomplished painter, winning the Medal of Honor in 1986 from the National Association of Women Artists. She also reviewed children's books for The New Yorker. The couple were married for 55 years. Maxwell died eight days after his wife.[9] They had two daughters, Katherine and artist and curator Emily Brooke ("Brookie") Maxwell.[10] William Maxwell died on July 31, 2000, in New York City. The epitaph marking his memorial gravestone in Oregon reads, "The Work is the Message".

Bibliography

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Novels

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  • Bright Center of Heaven (1934)
  • They Came Like Swallows (1937)[a]
  • The Folded Leaf (1945)
  • Time Will Darken It (1948)
  • The Chateau (1961)
  • So Long, See You Tomorrow (1980)[b]
Omnibus editions
  • Early Novels and Stories: Bright Center of Heaven / They Came Like Swallows / The Folded Leaf / Time Will Darken It / Stories 1938–1956 (Library of America, 2008) ISBN 978-1-59853-026-1
  • Later Novels and Stories: The Château / So Long, See You Tomorrow / Stories and Improvisations 1957 – 1999 (Library of America, 2008)

Short fiction

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Collections
  • The Heavenly Tenants (1946)
  • The French Scarecrow (1956)
  • Stories (1956)
  • The Old Man at the Railroad Crossing and Other Tales (1966)
  • Over by the River, and Other Stories (1977)
  • Five Tales (1988)
  • Billie Dyer and Other Stories (1992)
  • All The Days and Nights: The Collected Stories of William Maxwell (1995)
Stories[c]
Title Year First published Reprinted/collected Notes
Homecoming 1938 Maxwell, William (January 1, 1938). "Homecoming". The New Yorker. 13 (46): 17–19.

Non-fiction

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Essays and reporting
  • Maxwell, William (January 15, 1950). "Department of Amplification". The New Yorker. 24 (47): 73–76.[d]
  • The Outermost Dream (1989)
Memoirs
  • Ancestors: A Family History(1972)

Children's books

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———————

Notes
  1. ^ Autobiographical novella about the cruel impact of the 1918 flu epidemic, as seen through the eyes of an 8-year-old Midwestern child and his family.
  2. ^ An aging man remembers a boyhood friendship he had in 1920s Illinois, which falters following a murder.
  3. ^ Short stories unless otherwise noted.
  4. ^ Pension Gallia, Martinique.
  5. ^ The constellations of the zodiac come to life and visit a family farm in Wisconsin.

Awards and honors

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  • 1947 Newbery Medal runner-up for The Heavenly Tenants
  • 1980 William Dean Howells Medal for So Long, See You Tomorrow,[11]
  • 1982 National Book Award for So Long, See You Tomorrow[12][13]
  • 1984 Brandeis Creative Arts Award[14]
  • 1995 PEN/Malamud Award
  • 1995 Mark Twain Award[15]

References

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  1. ^ "The Scholar's Reward". The Daily Illini. May 6, 1930. p. 4. Retrieved March 28, 2017.
  2. ^ "The Daily Illini: The Illinois Magazine Section". The Daily Illini. May 5, 1929. Retrieved 26 December 2016.
  3. ^ "Past & Present... Journalism" (PDF). The Emerald of Sigma Pi. Vol. 74, no. 3. Fall 1985. p. 13. Archived from the original on September 15, 2016.{{cite magazine}}: CS1 maint: unfit URL (link)
  4. ^ Wilborn Hampton. "William Maxwell, 91, Author and Legendary Editor, Dies". The New York Times, August 1, 2000. Retrieved March 23, 2013.
  5. ^ Maxwell, William (May 1933). "House Mother". The Emerald of Sigma Pi. Vol. 20. pp. 6–8.
  6. ^ "Remembering William Maxwell", Bookhaven, Stanford University, Retrieved March 23, 2012
  7. ^ "Influenza 1918 | American Experience | PBS". www.pbs.org. Retrieved 2020-07-07.
  8. ^ "Orchids To: Arts Institute President" (PDF). The Emerald of Sigma Pi. Vol. 56, no. 1. Spring 1969. p. 19. Archived from the original on August 20, 2016.{{cite magazine}}: CS1 maint: unfit URL (link)
  9. ^ Harriet O'Donovan Sheehy. "William Maxwell and Emily Maxwell". The Guardian, August 25, 2000. Retrieved March 23, 2013.
  10. ^ "Brookie Maxwell, an Artist and Curator, Dies at 59 - The New York Times".
  11. ^ The William Dean Howells Medal Archived 2015-03-14 at the Wayback Machine Retrieved March 23, 2013
  12. ^ National Book Foundation. "National Book Awards – 1982". Retrieved March 11, 2012.
  13. ^ So Long won the 1982 award for paperback Fiction.
    From 1980 to 1983 in National Book Awards history there were dual hardcover and paperback awards in most categories. Most of the paperback award-winners were reprints, including this one.
  14. ^ Poses Institute for the Arts, Brandeis Creative Arts Award, Retrieved March 23, 2013
  15. ^ Mark Twain Award, Society for the Study of Midwestern Literature, Retrieved March 23, 2013

Further reading

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  • Baxter, Charles, Michael Collier and Edward Hirsch (eds.). A William Maxwell Portrait: Memories and Appreciations. New York: Norton, 2004. ISBN 978-0-393-05771-3
  • Burkhardt, Barbara (ed.). Conversations with William Maxwell. Jackson: University Press of Mississippi, 2012. ISBN 9781617032547
  • Burkhardt, Barbara. William Maxwell: A Literary Life. Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 2005. ISBN 9780252075834
  • Henson, Darold Leigh. "Social Consciousness in William Maxwell's Writings Based on Lincoln, Illinois", Journal of the Illinois State Historical Society, vol. 98, mo. 4 (Winter 2005):254–286.
  • Marrs, Suzanne (ed.). What There Is to Say We Have Said: The Correspondence of Eudora Welty and William Maxwell. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 2011.
  • Wilkinson, Alec. My Mentor: A Young Man's Friendship with William Maxwell. Boston: Houghton-Mifflin, 2002. ISBN 9780618123018
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