Wikipedia:Jewish Encyclopedia topics/I

Directory of articles A1 - A2 - A3 - A4 - A5 - B1 - B2 - B3 - B4 - C1 - C2 - D1 - D2 - E1 - E2 - F - G1 - G2 - H1 - H2 - H3 - I - J1 - J2 - K - L1 - L2 - M1 - M2 - M3 - N - O - P1 - P2 - Q - R - S1 - S2 - S3 - T - U - V - W - X - Y - Z

1 to 100

1 – 20

1. I (JE | WP GWP G) -- See Y70: Yod
2. Ibis (JE | WP GWP G) -- See H640: Heron
3. Ibn (JE | WP GWP G) Arabic word (in Hebrew ) meaning "son," and having the shortened form "ben" or "bin" () when standing between the proper name...
4. Samuel ben Judah ibn Abun (JE | WP GWP G) -- See I4: Samuel ibn Abun ben Judah
5. Ibn Alfange (JE | WP GWP G) Spanish author; flourished in the eleventh century. Nothing is known of his life except that he embraced Christianity in 1094...
6. Abu Zakarya Yahya ibn Bal'am|Abu Zakarya Yahya (R Judah) ibn Bal'am (JE | WP GWP G) Hebrew grammarian of Toledo, Spain, about 1070-90. In the introduction to his "Moznayim" Abraham ibn Ezra mentions ibn Bal&#39...
7. Abu Ibrahim Ishak ibn Barun (JE | WP GWP G) Spanish grammarian; lived in the eleventh and twelfth centuries, probably at Barcelona. He was a pupil of the grammarian Levi...
8. David ben Yom-Tob ibn Bilia JE (JE | WP GWP G) Portuguese philosopher; lived in the thirteenth and fourteenth centuries. Steinschneider believes him to have been the father...
9. Saadia ben Maimun ben Moses ibn Danan (JE | WP GWP G) Lexicographer, philosopher, and poet; flourished at Granada in the second half of the fifteenth century. He exercised the...
10. Ibn Daud ha-Levi (JE | WP GWP G) -- See A417: Abraham ibn Daud
11. Abraham ben Meïr ibn Ezra (Aben Ezra) (JE | WP GWP G) Scholar and writer; born 1092-1093; died Jan. 28 (according to Rosin, Reime und Gedichte, p. 82, n. 6, 1167 (see his application...
12. Isaac (Abu Sa'd) ibn Ezra (JE | WP GWP G) Spanish poet of the twelfth century; son of Abraham ibn Ezra. He won fame as a poet at an early age, probably while still...
13. Joseph ben Isaac ibn Ezra JE (JE | WP GWP G) Oriental rabbi of the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries; descendant of the ibn Ezra family of Spain. Brought up in Salonica...
14. Judah ibn Ezra JE (JE | WP GWP G) Son of Joseph ibn Ezra of Granada; Spanish state official of the twelfth century. He was raised by Alfonso VII. of Castileto...
15. Moses ben Jacob ha-Sallah ibn Ezra (Abu Harun Musa ibn Ezra) (JE | WP GWP G) Spanish philosopher, linguist, and poet; born at Granada about 1070; (died after 1138; relative of Abraham ibn Ezra and pupil...
16. Solomon ben Moses ibn Ezra (JE | WP GWP G) Rabbi of Venice; flourished in the second half of the seventeenth century. He was a disciple of Joseph Escapa and wrote a...
17. Solomon ben Judah ibn Gabirol (Abu Ayyub Sulaiman ibn Yahya ibn Jabirul) (JE | WP GWP G) Spanish poet, philosopher, and moralist; born in Malaga about 1021; died about 1058 in Valencia. He is called by Grätz...
18. Isaac ben Judah ibn Ghayyat JE (JE | WP GWP G) Spanish rabbi, Biblical commentator, philosopher, and liturgical poet; born at Lucena in 1038 (Graetz cites 1030); died at...
19. Judah ben Isaac ibn Ghayyat (JE | WP GWP G) Spanish Talmudist and Hebrew poet of the twelfth century. He was the author of a Hebrew translation, from the Arabic, of a...
20. Aaron ibn Hayyim (JE | WP GWP G) -- See H392: Ḥayyim, Aaron ibn

21 – 40

1. Aaron b. Abraham ibn Hayyim (JE | WP GWP G) -- See A38: Aaron (ben Abraham ben Samuel) ibn Ḥayyim
2. Ibn Huacar (JE | WP GWP G) -- See I62: Ibn WaḲar
3. Ibn Husain (Abu Sulaiman) Daud (JE | WP GWP G) Karaite liturgical poet; flourished in the first half of the tenth century. He compiled a prayer-book for the Karaites, entitled...
4. Abu al-Walid Merwan ibn Janah (JE | WP GWP G) Greatest Hebrew philologist of the Middle Ages; born at Cordova between 985 and 990; died at Saragossa in the first half of...
5. Jacob ibn Jau JE (JE | WP GWP G) Silk-manufacturer at Cordova, occupying a high position at the court of the calif Hisham; died about 1000. Amador de los Rios...
6. Ya'kub ben Yusuf (Abu al-Faraj) ibn Killis (JE | WP GWP G) Vizier to the calif of Egypt, Al-'Aziz Nizar; born at Bagdad 930; died at Cairo 990-991. His parents were Jews; and he...
7. Isaac b. Abraham ibn Latif (JE | WP GWP G) Spanish physician and cabalist; probably born at Toledo; died at Jerusalem, whither he had gone in indigent circumstances...
8. Judah ben Nissim (JE | WP GWP G) Spanish philosopher; flourished either in Spain or in Africa in the middle of the fourteenth century. He was imbued with Neoplatonic...
9. Judah ben Solomon ha-Kohen ibn Matkah (JE | WP GWP G) Spanish philosopher, astronomer, and mathematician; born at Toledo in 1215. On his mother's side he was the grandson of...
10. Abraham ben Isaac ha-Levi ibn Migas (JE | WP GWP G) Spanish physician and rabbinical scholar; lived at Constantinople in the sixteenth century. He was court physician to Sulaiman...
11. Joseph ibn Migas (JE | WP GWP G) Spanish Jew of the eleventh century; ancestor of an important family of scholars. Joseph ibn Migas, greatly respected among...
12. Joseph (Jehosef) ben Meïr ha-Levi ibn Migas (JE | WP GWP G) Spanish rabbi and head of a school in Lucena; born 1077; died in Lucena 1141. His birthplace was probably Seville, where his...
13. Meïr ibn Migas (JE | WP GWP G) Spanish rabbi, and president of the bet ha-midrash of Seville; flourished in the eleventh century. He was the son of Joseph...
14. Ahub ben Meïr Hanasi ibn ??????? ibn Muhajar (JE | WP GWP G) Spanish-Arabian poet of the twelfth century; probably a brother of the poet Joseph ben Meïr and of Abraham b. Me&#239...
15. Jacob ibn Nuñez (JE | WP GWP G) Physician to King Henry IV. of Castile and his chief judge ("juez mayor"); also rabbi, as he calls himself. In 1474 he was...
16. Ibn Palquera (JE | WP GWP G) -- See N107: Falaquera (Palaquera), Shem-ṭob b. Joseph.
17. Isaac ben Joseph ibn Pulgar JE (JE | WP GWP G) Spanish philosopher, poet, and controversialist; flourished in the first half of the fourteenth century. Where he lived is...
18. Ibn Roshd (JE | WP GWP G) -- See A2163: Averroes
19. Abu al-Hasan ibn Sahl (JE | WP GWP G) -- See A1231: Ali ibn Sahl ibn Rabban al-Tabari
20. Abu Omar Joseph ben Jacob ibn Sahl (JE | WP GWP G) Poet and scientist; died at Cordova 1124. He was a pupil of Isaac ibn Ghayyat, was rabbi at Cordova for nine years, and was...

41 – 60

1. Ibn Seneh (JE | WP GWP G) -- See Z41: Ẓarẓah, Samuel ibn Seneh.
2. Hasdai ibn Shaprut (JE | WP GWP G) -- See H336: Ḥasdai (Abu Yusuf) ibn Shaprut
3. Sheb-Tob ben Isaac ibn Shaprut (Shafrut) JE (JE | WP GWP G) Spanish philosopher, physician, and polemic; born at Tudela in the middle of the fourteenth century; often confused with the...
4. Isaac ibn Shem-Tob (JE | WP GWP G) Philosophical commentator of the fifteenth century; younger brother of Joseph ibn Shem-Tob, and a follower of Maimonides...
5. Joseph ibn Shem-Tov (ben Shemtob) JE (JE | WP GWP G) One of the most prolific Judæo-Spanish writers of the fifteenth century; born in Castile; died 1480. He lived in various...
6. Shem-Tob (ben Joseph?) ibn Shem-Tob JE (JE | WP GWP G) Spanish cabalist; a fanatical opponent of rationalistic philosophy; president of a yeshibah in Spain; lived about 1390-1440...
7. Shem-Tob ben Joseph ben Shem-Tob ibn Shem-Tob (JE | WP GWP G) Spanish writer and philosopher; flourished about 1461-89; lived in Segovia and Almazan. He was a follower of Maimonides, even...
8. Ibn Shoshan >> Issachar ben Mordecai ibn Susan JE (JE | WP GWP G) Spanish family of Toledo, which can be traced back to the twelfth century and which is known to have existed up to the seventeenth...
9. Bishr (Bashar) ben Phinehas ibn Shu'aib (JE | WP GWP G) Oriental mathematician; lived at the end of the tenth century. According to Hottinger ("Promptuarium," p. 96), the Arabic...
10. Joel ibn Shu'aib JE (JE | WP GWP G) Rabbi, preacher, and commentator of the fifteenth century; born in Aragon; lived also at Tudela. He wrote: "'Olat Shabbat...
11. Joshua ibn Shu'aib (JE | WP GWP G) Preacher and cabalist; flourished about 1328. He was a pupil of Solomon ben Adret and the teacher of Menahem ibn Zerah. Together...
12. Ibn Tibbon JE >> Judah ben Saul ibn Tibbon JE, Samuel ibn Tibbon JE, Moses ibn Tibbon JE, Jacob ben Machir ibn Tibbon JE (JE | WP GWP G) Family of translators that lived principally in southern France in the twelfth and thirteenth centuries. On the name "Tibbon"...
13. Joseph ibn Verga JE (JE | WP GWP G) Turkish rabbi and historian; lived at Adrianople at the beginning of the sixteenth century; son of Solomon ibn Verga, author...
14. Judah ibn Verga JE (JE | WP GWP G) Spanish historian, cabalist, perhaps also mathematician, and astronomer, of the fifteenth century; born at Seville; martyred...
15. Solomon ibn Verga JE >> Scepter of Judah JE (JE | WP GWP G) Spanish historian and physician; lived in the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries. His relationship to Judah ibn Verga can not...
16. Hayyim ibn Vives (Vivas) (JE | WP GWP G) Spanish translator; translated from Arabic into Hebrew for David ibn Bilia the farewell letter of ibn al-Sha'igh...
17. Juan ibn Vives (JE | WP GWP G) Grandson of one of the richest Jews of Valencia, and one of the most influential and respected of the citizens of that city...
18. Joseph ben Joshua ibn Vives al-Lorqui (Of Lorca) JE (JE | WP GWP G) Spanish physician; died before 1372; father of Joshua ben Joseph ibn Vives al-Lorqui. He revised Tibbon's translation...
19. Joseph ben Joshua ibn Vives al-Lorqui (Of Lorca) JE (JE | WP GWP G) Spanish physician; died before 1408; son of Joshua ibn Vives al-Lorqui. He translated from Arabic into Hebrew various books...
20. Joshua ben Joseph ibn Vives al-Lorqui (Of Lorca) JE (JE | WP GWP G) Spanish physician; lived about 1400 in Alcañiz. In 1408, at the command of the rich and influential Benveniste ben Solomon...

61 – 80

1. Joshua ben Joseph ibn Vives al-Lorqui (Of Lorca) JE (JE | WP GWP G) Spanish physician, anti-Semitic writer, and propagandist. As a Jew his name was Joshua ha-Lorki (from the name of his birthplace...
2. Joseph ben Abraham ibn Wakar (JE | WP GWP G) Spanish cabalist and Talmudist; lived at Toledo in the fourteenth century. Moses Narboni, who began his commentary on the...
3. Judah ben Isaac ibn Wakar (Wakkar, Huacar, Hucar), of Cordova (JE | WP GWP G) Tax-collector for, and representative and traveling companion (about 1320) of, the infante Don Juan Manuel; the author of...
4. Samuel ibn Wakar (Huacar) (JE | WP GWP G) Physician to King Alfonso XI. of Castile; astronomer and astrologer; flourished in the fourteenth century. A favorite of the...
5. David ibn Yahya (JE | WP GWP G) Grammarian and philisopher; son of the martyr Don Joseph; born at Lisbon 1465; died 1543. He was a pupil of David ben Solomon...
6. Joseph ben David ibn Yahya (JE | WP GWP G) Italian exegete and philosopher; born at Florence 1494; died at Imola 1539. His parents were Spanish exiles who had lived...
7. Baruch ben Isaac ibn Ya'ish (JE | WP GWP G) Philosopher and translator of the fifteenth century; apparently a native of Spain, though he lived in Italy. Ibn Ya'ish...
8. Ibn Zabarra (JE | WP GWP G) Judæo-Spanish family-name, found as early as the twelfth century; derived perhaps from a place-name. In Spanish documents...
9. Judah ibn Zabarra (JE | WP GWP G) Poet and theologian; flourished in the thirteenth and fourteenth centuries; probably a native of Spain, where the surname...
10. Ibn Zarzal (JE | WP GWP G) -- See A613: ẒarẒal, Abraham ibn
11. Ibrahim ibn Ya'kub, the Israelite (JE | WP GWP G) Jewish merchant-traveler of the tenth century. The little that is known about Ibrahim ibn Ya'Kub is from his own...
12. Ibzan (JE | WP GWP G) Judge of Israel for seven years after Jephthah; a native of Beth-lehem he had thirty sons and thirty daughters, and was buried...
13. Ichabod JE (JE | WP GWP G) Son of Phinehas and grandson of Eli. Born after the death in battle of his father and the tragic death of his grandfather...
14. Iddo (JE | WP GWP G) A seer (), or prophet (), whose prophecies were directed against Jeroboam (II Chron. ix. 29). In the Masoretic text his name...
15. Proof of Identity (JE | WP GWP G) in criminal cases the witnesses were required to be certain of the identity both of the accused and of the victim, as well...
16. Idi (JE | WP GWP G) Name of several Babylonian amoraim who flourished from the middle of the second to the middle of the fifth century. In the...
17. Idi b. Abin Naggara (JE | WP GWP G) Babylonian amora of the fourth period (about 350). His father, whose name ("Naggara"="carpenter") probably indicates his occupation...
18. Idi of Caesarea (JE | WP GWP G) -- See I82: Idi b. Jacob
19. Idi b. Gershom (Ada b. Gershon) (JE | WP GWP G) Babylonian amora of the tannaitic period (about 150); father of Idi b. Idi (Ḥul. 98a; comp. Yer. Ter. x. 10). There...
20. Idi of Hutra (JE | WP GWP G) -- See I82: Idi b. Jacob

81 – 100

1. Idi ben Idi (JE | WP GWP G) -- See I79: Idi b. Gershom
2. Idi b. Jacob II (JE | WP GWP G) Babylonian amora of the second period (about 250). Idi was a disciple of Johanan. The journey from Idi's home in Babylonia...
3. Idiocy (JE | WP GWP G) Mental deficiency, depending upon disease or imperfect development of the nervous system, and dating from birth or from early...
4. Idit (JE | WP GWP G) Name of an amora who is known only from a passage preserved by Nachman (Sanh. 38b), the passage being a part of a controversy...
5. Idolatry and Idols (JE | WP GWP G) -- See W287: Worship, Idol
6. Idumea JE (JE | WP GWP G) -- See O11: Edom
7. Lazar Elias Igel (JE | WP GWP G) Austrian rabbi; born Feb. 28, 1825, at Lemberg, where his father was a second-hand bookseller; died at Czernowitz March 26...
8. Iggeret (JE | WP GWP G) -- See L224: Letter-Writing
9. 'Iggul of Rabbi Nahshon Gaon (JE | WP GWP G) -- See C43: Calendar
10. Iglau (JE | WP GWP G) Mining-town in Moravia, Austria. While Jews settled at Brünn at a very early time, regulations concerning the Jews of...
11. Count Nikolai Pavlovich Ignatiev (Ignatyev, Ignatieff) (JE | WP GWP G) Russian statesman; born 1832. He was one of the prime movers in the reactionary anti-Jewish legislation of the last quarter...
12. Ignorance of the Law (JE | WP GWP G) Through the institution of Hatra'ah, warning by the witnesses before the crime was committed was made by the Rabbis a...
13. Shemariah b. Elijah Ikriti, of Negropont (V06p559001jpg) (JE | WP GWP G) Italian philosopher and Biblical exegete; contemporary of Dante and Immanuel; born probably at Rome about 1275, the descendant...
14. Il Progresso Ladino (JE | WP GWP G) -- See P199: Periodicals
15. Henry Iliowizi (JE | WP GWP G) American rabbi and author; born in Choinick, in the government of Minsk, Russia, Jan. 2, 1850. His father was affiliated with...
16. 'Ilish (JE | WP GWP G) Babylonian scholar of the fourth century (fourth amoraic generation); contemporary of Raba (B. M. 96a). He and the daughters...
17. Iliyer Manasseh (JE | WP GWP G) -- See I97: Manasseh, Iliyer
18. Illegitimacy (JE | WP GWP G) the state of being born out of lawful wedlock; in Jewish law, the state of being born of any of the marriages prohibited in...
19. Jacob Di Illescos (JE | WP GWP G) Bible commentator, probably of Italian origin; lived in the fourteenth century. He was the author of "Imre No'am," an...
20. Illiberis (JE | WP GWP G) -- See E321: Elvira

101 to 200

101 – 120

1. Illinois (JE | WP GWP G) One of the Central States of the United States of America; admitted to the Union Dec. 3, 1818. The Jewish pioneer of Illinois...
2. Bernhard Illowy (JE | WP GWP G) American rabbi; born at Kolin, Bohemia, 1814; died near Cincinnati, Ohio, June 22, 1871. He was descended from a family of...
3. Illuminated Manuscripts (JE | WP GWP G) -- See M164: Manuscripts
4. Illustra Guerta de Historia (JE | WP GWP G) -- See P199: Periodicals
5. Illustrating of Hebrew Manuscripts (JE | WP GWP G) -- See M164: Manuscripts
6. Illustrirte Judenzeitung (JE | WP GWP G) -- See P199: Periodicals
7. Illustrirte Monatshefte Für Die Gesammten Interessen Des Judenthums (JE | WP GWP G) -- See P199: Periodicals
8. Illustrirte Wiener Jüdische Presse (JE | WP GWP G) -- See P199: Periodicals
9. Images (JE | WP GWP G) -- See W287: Worship, Idol
10. Naphtali Herz Imber (JE | WP GWP G) Austrian Hebrew poet; born at Zloczow, Galicia, in 1856. After the usual Talmudic training he began his wandering life by...
11. Imma Shalom (JE | WP GWP G) Wife of Eliezer ben Hyrcanus and sister of Gamaliel II. Of her early life but little is known. She was probably brought up...
12. Immanuel (JE | WP GWP G) This name occurs only thrice in the Bible, in Isa. vii. 14 and viii. 8, 10 (in the last-cited verse the rendering "God is...
13. Immanuel ben Jacob of Tarascon (JE | WP GWP G) -- See B1295: Bonfils, Immanuel ben Jacob
14. Immanuel ben Jekuthiel of Benevento (JE | WP GWP G) Grammarian and corrector for the press at Mantua; lived in the second half of the sixteenth century. He was connected with...
15. Siegmund (Solomon Jacob) Immanuel (JE | WP GWP G) German philologist; born at Hamburg Sept. 4, 1792; died at Minden Dec. 28, 1847. Educated at the gymnasium of Altona and later...
16. Immanuel ben Solomon ben Jekuthiel JE (JE | WP GWP G) Italian scholar, satirical poet, and the most interesting figure among the Jews of Italy; born at Rome c. 1270; died probably...
17. Immigration (JE | WP GWP G) -- See M602: Migration
18. Immortality of the Soul (JE | WP GWP G) the belief that the soul continues its existence after the dissolution of the body is a matter of philosophical or theological...
19. Immovable Property (JE | WP GWP G) -- See R145: Real Estate
20. Implied Contract (JE | WP GWP G) -- See C753: Contract

121 – 140

1. Imprisonment (JE | WP GWP G) Imprisonment as a punishment for crime is not known in Mosaic law. The few apparent cases mentioned in the Pentateuch (Lev...
2. Impurity (JE | WP GWP G) -- See C145: Carcass
3. Incantation (JE | WP GWP G) the invocation of magical powers. All peoples, civilized as well as savage, have believed and still believe in magical influences...
4. Incarnation (JE | WP GWP G) -- See L525: Logos
5. Incense (JE | WP GWP G) An aromatic substance which exhales perfume during combustion; the odor of spices and gums burned as an act of worship. In...
6. Incest (JE | WP GWP G) Marriage or carnal commerce between persons of a close degree of consanguinity. Even in modern times the connotation of "incestuous"...
7. Incunabula >> Hebrew incunabula JE (JE | WP GWP G) Works printed in the fifteenth century. Those of Jewish interest consist of (a) works printed in Hebrew and (b) works in other...
8. Indemnity (JE | WP GWP G) That by which a surety who has been compelled to pay the debt of his principal is reimbursed, either by the principal or from...
9. The Independent Hebrew (JE | WP GWP G) -- See P199: Periodicals
10. India (JE | WP GWP G) An extensive region of southern Asia, comprising many countries, races, and sects. Including about 2,800 in the settlement...
11. Indiana (JE | WP GWP G) One of the Central States of the American Union; admitted 1816. The earliest Jewish congregation, the Achduth Vesholom congregation...
12. Indianapolis (JE | WP GWP G) -- See I131: Indiana
13. Indictment (JE | WP GWP G) -- See A725: Accusatory and Inquisitorial Procedure
14. Infamy (JE | WP GWP G) -- See E530: Evidence
15. Legal Aspect of Infancy (JE | WP GWP G) Infants, the deaf, and those of unsound mind are always named together, as not liable for torts, nor punishable for offenses...
16. Infidelity (JE | WP GWP G) See Unbelief.
17. Informers (JE | WP GWP G) See Moserim.
18. Infratirea (JE | WP GWP G) -- See P199: Periodicals
19. Feast of Ingathering (JE | WP GWP G) -- See T4: Tabernacles, Feast of
20. Inheritance (JE | WP GWP G) Among the early Hebrews, as well as among many other nations of antiquity, custom decided that the next of kin should enter...

141 – 160

1. Initials (JE | WP GWP G) -- See A183: Abbreviations
2. Injuries (JE | WP GWP G) -- See D20: Damage
3. Ink (JE | WP GWP G) the only passage in the Old Testament in which ink is mentioned is Jer. xxxvi. 18. It would evidently, however, be a mistake...
4. Inn (JE | WP GWP G) House of entertainment for travelers. In the Bible references are made to lodging-places ("malon") where caravans or parties...
5. Innocent III (Lothario Conti) (JE | WP GWP G) Pope from 1198 to 1216; born at Anagni in 1161; elected June 8, 1198; died July 17, 1216. A Roman writer said of him, "Thy...
6. Innocent XI (Benedetto Odescalchi) (JE | WP GWP G) Pope from 1676 to 1689; born at Como in 1611; elected Sept. 21, 1676; died Aug. 12, 1689. That the Jews were not excluded...
7. Innsbruck (JE | WP GWP G) Capital of Tyrol, Austria. While Jews settled throughout Tyrol, especially in the southern part, as early as the beginning...
8. Inquisition (JE | WP GWP G) Court for the punishment of heretics and infidels, established as early as the reigns of the emperors Theodosius and Justinian...
9. Insanity (JE | WP GWP G) Mental disease. Among the Jews the proportion of insane has been observed to be very large. From statistics collected by Buschan...
10. Inscriptions, Greek, Hebrew (JE | WP GWP G) -- See P29: Paleography
11. Insects (JE | WP GWP G) Under this head are treated the species not described in separate articles under their individual names, as Ant; Bee; Beetle...
12. Inspiration (JE | WP GWP G) the state of being prompted by or filled with the spirit of God. Bezaleel was "filled with the spirit of God" (Ex. xxxi. 3...
13. Installation (JE | WP GWP G) -- See O119: Ordination
14. Institut zur Förderung der Israelitischen Literatur (JE | WP GWP G) Society, founded by Ludwig Philippson, for the promotion of Jewish literature. The books published by the society were issued...
15. Institutions (JE | WP GWP G) See TakKanot.
16. Institutum Judaicum JE (JE | WP GWP G) A special academic course for Protestant theologians who desire to prepare themselves for missionary work among Jews. The...
17. Instrument (JE | WP GWP G) -- See D203: Deed
18. Instrument (JE | WP GWP G) -- See M1021: Music and Musical Instruments
19. Insurance (JE | WP GWP G) -- See E554: Expectation of, Life
20. Intelligencers (JE | WP GWP G) Persons who supply intelligence or secret information; Stuart English for "spies." A number of crypto-Jews in London supplied...

161 – 180

1. Intention (JE | WP GWP G) An intelligent purpose to do a certain act. In criminal cases wrongful intent must accompany the wrongful act in order to...
2. Interest (JE | WP GWP G) -- See U58: Usury
3. Intermarriage (JE | WP GWP G) Marriage between persons of different races or tribes. A prohibition to intermarry with the Canaanites is found in Deut. vii...
4. Intermediate Days (JE | WP GWP G) -- See H860: Holy Days
5. Intestacy (JE | WP GWP G) -- See A900: Agnates
6. Invocation (JE | WP GWP G) A form of praise or blessing greatly in vogue in medieval Hebrew literature. In ancient times the invocation was an essential...
7. Ionia (JE | WP GWP G) -- See J176: Javan
8. Iowa (JE | WP GWP G) One of the north-central states of the American Union. A part of the Louisiana Purchase (1803), it was incorporated successively...
9. Ireland (JE | WP GWP G) An island west of Great Britain, forming part of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland. The earliest mention of...
10. Ir ha-Heres (JE | WP GWP G) -- See H622: Heres
11. Irkutsk (JE | WP GWP G) -- See S678: Siberia
12. Iron (JE | WP GWP G) the invention of the art of working in brass and iron is ascribed to Tubal-cain (Gen. iv. 22), and thus placed in prehistoric...
13. Ir-shemesh (JE | WP GWP G) A city of Dan, mentioned with Shaalabbin and Ajalon (Josh. xix. 41-42). Its parallel name in Judges (i 35, Hebr.) is "Har-&#7716...
14. Isaac (JE | WP GWP G) Second patriarch; son of Abraham and Sarah. He was the child of a miracle, for at the time of his birth his mother, hitherto...
15. Isaac (JE | WP GWP G) Member of the embassy sent in 797 by Charlemagne to Harun al-Rashid, calif at Bagdad, probably as interpreter for the ambassadors...
16. Isaac b. Abba Mari (JE | WP GWP G) French codifier; born in Provence about 1122; died after 1193 (in Marseilles ?). Isaac's father, a great rabbinical authority...
17. Isaac Abendana (JE | WP GWP G) -- See A238: Abendana, Isaac
18. Isaac ben Abraham Ancona al-Kustantini (JE | WP GWP G) Italian Talmudist; lived at Ancona in the first half of the eighteenth century. He carried on a scientific correspondence...
19. Isaac ben Abraham ha-Gorni (JE | WP GWP G) Provençal poet; lived at Luc in the second half of the thirteenth century. He is known in Hebrew literature under the...
20. Isaac ben Abraham of Neustadt (JE | WP GWP G) Dutch cabalist; lived at Amsterdam in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries. He was an assistant rabbi at Amsterdam, where...

181 – 200

1. Isaac ben Abraham of Posen (JE | WP GWP G) Polish rabbi and author; died in Posen 1685. He was the pupil of R. Jonah Teomim, author of "Kikayon de-Yonah...
2. Isaac of Acco (JE | WP GWP G) -- See I239: Isaac ben Samuel of Acre
3. Isaac ben Asher II (JE | WP GWP G) Tosafist, apparently of the beginning of the thirteenth century. He is quoted by Mordecai b. Hillel (M. K No. 504),...
4. Isaac ben Asher ha-Levi (Riba) JE (JE | WP GWP G) Tosafist; lived at Speyer in the eleventh century; son-in-law of Eliakim ben Meshullam and pupil of Rashi. His are the earliest...
5. Isaac (abu Jacob) bar Bahlul (JE | WP GWP G) Karaite scholar; lived at the end of the eleventh, or at the beginning of the twelfth, century. Two decisions of his have...
6. Abu Ibrahim Isaac ibn Barun (JE | WP GWP G) -- See A664: Ibn Barun, Abu Ibrahim Isḥaḳ
7. Isaac the Blind (Isaac ben Abraham of Posquières) (JE | WP GWP G) French cabalist; flourished in the twelfth and thirteenth centuries. Isaac is considered the founder of the Cabala; or, rather...
8. Isaac de Castro (JE | WP GWP G) -- See C254: Castro
9. Isaac ben Eleazar ha-Levi (JE | WP GWP G) German Talmudist and liturgical poet; flourished at Worms; died, according to Abraham Zacuto ("Yuchasin ha-Shalem," p...
10. Isaac ben Eliakim of Posen (JE | WP GWP G) German moralist and author; lived in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries. He was the author of "Leb Tob" (Prague...
11. Isaac ben Eliezer (JE | WP GWP G) Ethical writer at Worms; flourished from 1460 to 1480. He attended the lectures of Moses ben Eliezer ha-Darshan (Zunz, "Z...
12. Isaac ben Eliezer ha-Levi (JE | WP GWP G) Spanish grammarian of the fourteenth century. He was the author of "Sefer ha-Rikmah," a grammatical treatise still extant...
13. Isaac ben Elijah Sheni (Shani) (JE | WP GWP G) Turkish rabbi; lived at Constantinople in the first half of the sixteenth century. The name "Sheni" is followed by the letters...
14. Isaac of Evreux (JE | WP GWP G) French rabbinical scholar and Biblical commentator; flourished in the thirteenth century. His authority was invoked by Mordecai...
15. Isaac ibn Gabbai (JE | WP GWP G) -- See G1: Gabbai
16. Abu Ibrahim Isaac ibn Halfon (JE | WP GWP G) Spanish poet of the eleventh century. According to Moses ibn Ezra's treatise on poetry (Neubauer, "Cat. Bodl. Hebr. MSS...
17. Isaac ben Hayyim ben Abraham ha-Kohen (JE | WP GWP G) Italian exegete; lived successively at Bologna, Jesi, Recanati, and Rome, in the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries. He was...
18. Isaac ben Hayyim of Volozhin (JE | WP GWP G) Russian Talmudist; born at Volozhin, government of Wilna; died at Ivenitz, government of Minsk, June 16, 1849. Isaac was a...
19. Isaac ben Isaac (JE | WP GWP G) French tosafist of the second half of the thirteenth century; mentioned in Tos. Naz. 16b; identical, according to Gross and...
20. Isaac Israeli (JE | WP GWP G) -- See I323: Israeli, Isaac ben Solomon

201 to 300

201 – 220

1. Jacob Isaac (Isachok) (JE | WP GWP G) Court physician to King Sigismund I. of Poland; son of Abraham of Jerusalem; died at Kazimierz, a suburb of Cracow, about...
2. Isaac (Eisak) ben Jacob Haber (JE | WP GWP G) Rabbi at Tikotzyn and Suwalki, Poland; lived in the first half of the nineteenth century. He wrote: "Bet YizCha&#7731...
3. Isaac ben Jacob ha-Lavan JE (JE | WP GWP G) Tosafist and liturgical poet; flourished at Prague in the twelfth century; the brother of the traveler Pethahiah of Regensburg...
4. Isaac ben Jacob the Levite (JE | WP GWP G) Rabbi and cantor at Venice; born in 1621. He was the son of a cabalist and a grandson of Judah de Modena, whose "Bet Yehudah"...
5. Isaac ibn Jasos ibn Saktar (JE | WP GWP G) Spanish grammarian; born 982; died at Toledo about 1057-58. He is identified by Steinschneider with the physician Is&#7717...
6. Johann Levita Isaac (JE | WP GWP G) German professor of Hebrew; born 1515; died at Cologne 1577. At first a rabbi at Wetzlar, he was baptized as a Protestant...
7. Isaac ben Joseph of Corbeil JE (JE | WP GWP G) French ritualist; flourished in the second half of the thirteenth century. He was the son-in-law of R. Jehiel ben Joseph of...
8. Isaac (Eisak) ben Joshua ben Abraham of Prague (JE | WP GWP G) Physician and parnas of Prague in the sixteenth century. He was the author of "'Olat YizChak" a collection...
9. Isaac Joshua ben Immanuel de Lattes (JE | WP GWP G) Italian Talmudist and publisher: born at Rome at the end of the fifteenth century: died at Ferrara about 1570. He was the...
10. Isaac ben Judah (JE | WP GWP G) Talmudist of the twelfth century; teacher of Solomon ben Isaac (Rashi). He was a native of Lorraine ("Ha-Pardes," 35a), but...
11. Isaac ben Judah ha-Levi (JE | WP GWP G) French exegete and tosafist; lived at Sens, probably, in the second half of the thirteenth century. He was the pupil of &#7716...
12. Isaac ben Judah Löb (JE | WP GWP G) Rabbi at Offenbach in the first half of the eighteenth century. He wrote "Be'er YizChak," a commentary...
13. Isaac ben Judah ben Nathanael of Beaucaire (JE | WP GWP G) Liturgic poet of the early part of the thirteenth century. Zunz credits him with thirty-eight synagogal hymns, most of them...
14. Isaac ha-Kohen of Manosque (JE | WP GWP G) French Talmudist of the first half of the fourteenth century; rabbi at Manosque, in the department of Basses-Alpes. He is...
15. Isaac ha-Kohen of Narbonne (JE | WP GWP G) French Talmudist; lived in the twelfth and thirteenth centuries; a disciple of Abraham ben David of Posquières. He was...
16. Isaac ha-Kohen of Ostrog (JE | WP GWP G) Russian rabbi; lived in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries. He was the author of a work entitled "Mattenot 'Ani,"...
17. Isaac de Leon JE (JE | WP GWP G) One of the last rabbis of Castile; lived at Toledo. He was a native of Leon, and a pupil of Isaac Campanton, and, like Moses...
18. Isaac Leon ben Eliezer ibn Zur Sefardi (JE | WP GWP G) Rabbi at Ancona in the first half of the sixteenth century. He belonged to a Spanish family which settled in Italy after the...
19. Isaac ben Levi of Provence (JE | WP GWP G) French liturgical poet; flourished in the twelfth century. Among the piyyuṭim for New-Year's Day contained in the...
20. Isaac ben Levi ben Saul of Lucena (JE | WP GWP G) Spanish grammarian and liturgical poet; flourished in the first half of the eleventh century; a contemporary of Isaac Gikatilla...

221 – 240

1. Isaac ha-Levi of Worms (JE | WP GWP G) -- See I189: Isaac b. Eleazar ha-Levi
2. Marc Jacob Isaac (JE | WP GWP G) French educationist and writer; born March 10, 1828, at Niederhomburg, near Saargemünd, Lorraine. After attending the...
3. Isaac b. Meïr of Dueren (JE | WP GWP G) -- See D512: Dueren, Isaac b. Meïr
4. Isaac ben Meïr of Narbonne (JE | WP GWP G) French liturgical poet of the first half of the twelfth century. He is mentioned as a liturgical poet by Joseph Kara...
5. Isaac ben Melchizedek of Siponto (JE | WP GWP G) Italian rabbi and Talmudist; lived about 1110-70; born in Siponto, a seaport of Apulia and an ancient seat of Jewish learning...
6. Isaac b. Menahem the Great (JE | WP GWP G) French Talmudist; flourished in the second half of the eleventh century. Isaac, who lived at Orléans, was a pupil of...
7. Isaac ben Merwan ha-Levi JE (JE | WP GWP G) French Talmudist; flourished in the first third of the twelfth century; elder son of Merwan of Narbonne. As highly respected...
8. Isaac ben Mordecai Gershon (JE | WP GWP G) Talmudist of the fifteenth century. He was the author of "Shelom Ester," a commentary on the scroll of Esther (Constantinople...
9. Isaac ben Mordecai ha-Levi (JE | WP GWP G) Rabbi of Lemberg; died in Cracow 1799. His father was chief of the yeshibah at Lemberg, and Isaac himself officiated as rabbi...
10. Isaac ben Moses Eli (ha-Sefardi) (JE | WP GWP G) Spanish mathematician of the fifteenth century; born at Oriola, Aragon. According to Steinschneider, he may have been one...
11. Isaac ben Moses of Vienna JE (JE | WP GWP G) German halakist, a descendant of a learned family; probably born in Bohemia; lived about 1200-70. He mentions as his teachers...
12. Isaac Nathan ben Kalonymus JE (JE | WP GWP G) French philosopher and controversialist; lived at Arles, perhaps at Avignon also, and in other places, in the fourteenth and...
13. Isaac ben Noah Cohen Shapira (JE | WP GWP G) Polish rabbi; lived in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries; grandson of Hirsh and teacher of Joel Sirkes. He received...
14. Isaac of Norwich (Isaac b. Eliab) JE (JE | WP GWP G) English financier of the twelfth and thirteenth centuries. He was among the Jews imprisoned by King John in 1210 ("Select...
15. Isaac Pulgar (JE | WP GWP G) -- See I207: Ibn Pulgar (Polgar, Polkar), Isaac ben Joseph.
16. Isaac b. Reuben Albargeloni (Albarceloni) (JE | WP GWP G) Spanish Talmudist and liturgical poet; born at Barcelona in 1043. He was a judge in the important community of Denia, where...
17. Isaac ben Samson ha-Kohen (JE | WP GWP G) Bohemian Talmudist; died May 30, 1624, in Prague. He was assistant rabbi and magistrate of the community, and was son-in-law...
18. Samuel Isaac (JE | WP GWP G) Promoter of the Mersey Tunnel, near Liverpool, England; born at Chatham, England, 1812; died in London Nov. 22, 1886. He went...
19. Isaac ben Samuel of Acre JE (JE | WP GWP G) Palestinian cabalist; flourished in the thirteenth and fourteenth centuries. According to Azulai ("Shem ha-Gedolim,"s.v.)...
20. Isaac ben Samuel ha-Levi (JE | WP GWP G) Polish rabbi; born at Vladimir, government of Volhynia, Russia, about 1580; died before 1646. He was the elder brother and...

241 – 260

1. Isaac ben Samuel of Narbonne (JE | WP GWP G) French scholar; flourished in the first half of the twelfth century. He is quoted in an anonymous commentary to Chronicles...
2. Isaac ben Samuel ha-Sefardi (JE | WP GWP G) Spanish Biblical exegete; flourished in the eleventh and twelfth centuries. From his commentary, which is written in Arabic...
3. Isaac ben Samuel ha-Zaken JE (JE | WP GWP G) French tosafist and Biblical commentator; flourished at Ramerupt and Dampierre in the twelfth century. He died, according...
4. Isaac ben Sheshet Barfat (Ribash) JE (JE | WP GWP G) Spanish Talmudic authority; born at Valencia in 1326; died at Algiers in 1408. He settled early in life at Barcelona, where...
5. Isaac ibn Sid (Zag; Çag) JE (JE | WP GWP G) Spanish astronomer; flourished at Toledo in the second half of the thirteenth century. From the surname "haḤazzan,"...
6. Isaac ben Solomon (JE | WP GWP G) Liturgical poet; lived in Germany in the first half of the fourteenth century; author of the selichah "Ani hu ha-Geber...
7. Isaac ben Solomon ha-Kohen (JE | WP GWP G) Biblical commentator; lived at Constantinople in the middle of the sixteenth century. He was the author of a commentary on...
8. Isaac ben Todros (JE | WP GWP G) Spanish rabbi and Talmudist toward the end of the thirteenth century. He was the teacher of Shem-Tob ibn Gaon and Nathan...
9. Isaac b. Todros (JE | WP GWP G) French physician at Avignon during the second half of the fourteenth century. In 1373 he was the pupil of the astronomer Immanuel...
10. Isaac Tyrnau (JE | WP GWP G) Hungarian rabbi and ritualist; flourished in the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries. He was a pupil of Abraham Klausner of...
11. Abram Samuel Isaacs (JE | WP GWP G) American rabbi, professor, and editor; born in New York city Aug. 30, 1852. He was educated at New York University (B.A. 1871...
12. Sir Henry Aaron Isaacs (JE | WP GWP G) Former Lord Mayor of London; born in that city Aug. 15, 1830. For a quarter of a century he labored in the best interests...
13. Isaac A Isaacs (JE | WP GWP G) Australian statesman and jurist; born at Melbourne, Victoria, Aug. 6, 1855; educated at Melbourne University, and admitted...
14. Jacob Isaacs (JE | WP GWP G) American inventor of the colonial and revolutionary period; died 1798. He was resident in Newport in 1755 ("Publications Am...
15. Myer Samuel Isaacs (JE | WP GWP G) American lawyer; born in New York city May 8, 1841; educated at the University of New York. He was admitted to the bar of...
16. Nathaniel Isaacs (JE | WP GWP G) African traveler; born in England 1808; died after 1840. He left England in 1822 for St. Helena, where his uncle was consul...
17. Rebecca Isaacs (JE | WP GWP G) English actress and singer; born in London June 26, 1828; died there April 21, 1877. Her father, John Isaacs, an actor and...
18. Samuel Hillel Isaacs (JE | WP GWP G) American calendarer; born 1825 at Raczek, Poland; educated under Judah Bacharach, Moses Leib of Kutna, and others; emigrated...
19. Samuel Myer Isaacs (JE | WP GWP G) Rabbi and journalist; born at Leeuwarden, Holland, Jan. 4, 1804; died in New York city May 19, 1878. His father, on the approach...
20. Isabella I (JE | WP GWP G) -- See F109: Ferdinand and Isabella

261 – 280

1. Isaiah >> Isaiah in rabbinic literature JE (JE | WP GWP G) the greatest of the Hebrew prophets of whom literary monuments remain. He resided at Jerusalem, and so contrasts with Micah...
2. Book of Isaiah (JE | WP GWP G) Ch. i.: One of the finest specimens of prophetic rhetoric known. It is in its present form a general prophecy, full of edification...
3. Ascension of Isaiah (JE | WP GWP G) Apocryphal book, consisting of three different parts, which seem originally to have existed separately; one is of Jewish,...
4. Isaiah ben Abba Mari (JE | WP GWP G) French rabbi of the second half of the fourteenth century; famous for his controversies and for the divisions he caused among...
5. Isaiah ben Abraham (JE | WP GWP G) Polish rabbi of the seventeenth century; author of "Be'er Heṭeb," a commentary on Shulchan 'Aruk, Ora&#7717...
6. Isaiah Berlin (JE | WP GWP G) -- See B855: Berlin, Isaiah b. (Judah) Loeb
7. Isaiah Menahem ben Isaac (JE | WP GWP G) Rabbi of Cracow; died Aug. 16, 1599. At first chief of the yeshibah of Szezebrscyn, government of Lublin, Poland, he was later...
8. Isaiah (Ben Elijah) di Trani (The Younger) JE (JE | WP GWP G) Italian Talmudist and commentator; lived in the thirteenth and fourteenth centuries. He was the grandson, on his mother&#39...
9. Isaiah (Ben Mali) di Trani (The Elder; Rid) JE (JE | WP GWP G) Prominent Italian Talmudist; born about 1180. He originated in Trani (Conforte, "Kore ha-Dorot," p. 15a), an ancient...
10. 'Isawites (JE | WP GWP G) -- See I275: Isḥaḳ ben Ya'ḳub Obadiah Abu 'Isa al-Isfahani
11. Iscariot (JE | WP GWP G) -- See J671: Judas Iscariot
12. Barbu (Judah) Iscovescu (JE | WP GWP G) Rumanian painter; born 1816 at Bucharest; died Oct. 24, 1854, at Constantinople. The son of a house-painter, he served his...
13. Ise (Isi, Jose) ben Judah (JE | WP GWP G) Palestinian tanna of the second century; contemporary of Simeon ben Yochai and of R. Meïr. Bacher thinks it probable...
14. Ishak ibn 'Ali ibn Ishak (JE | WP GWP G) Karaite scholar of the eleventh century. The "Chronicle" of ibn al-Hiti contains a warm eulogy of the scholarly attainments...
15. Ishak ben Ya'kub Obadiah abu 'Isa al-Isfahani (JE | WP GWP G) Persian founder of a Jewish sect and "herald of the Messiah"; lived at the time of the Ommiad calif 'Abd al-Malik ibn...
16. Ish-bosheth (JE | WP GWP G) Fourth and youngest son of Saul, and, as the sole male survivor in direct line of descent, his legitimate successor to the...
17. Ishmael (JE | WP GWP G) Eldest son of Abraham by his concubine Hagar; born when Abraham was eighty-six years of age (Gen. xvi. 15, 16). God promised...
18. Ishmael b. Abraham ha-Kohen (JE | WP GWP G) Talmudic scholar and author; chief rabbi of Modena; born 5484 (=1724); died 5571 (=1811). He was recognized as a profound...
19. Ishmael of Akbara (JE | WP GWP G) Founder of the Jewish sect of Akbarites; flourished in the time of the calif al-Mu'taṣim (833-841). He was a native...
20. Ishmael b. Elisha JE (JE | WP GWP G) Tanna of the first and second centuries (third tannaitic generation). He was a descendant of a wealthy priestly family in...

281 – 300

1. Ishmael ben Johanan ben Baroka (JE | WP GWP G) Tanna of the second century (fourth tannaitic generation); contemporary of Simon b. Gamaliel II. These two rabbis are often...
2. Ishmael ben Jose ben Halafta JE (JE | WP GWP G) Tanna of the beginning of the third century. Ishmael served as a Roman official together with Eliezer b. Simon, and was instrumental...
3. Ishmael ben Kimhit (Kamhit, v06p650002jpg) (JE | WP GWP G) High priest under Agrippa I.; probably identical with Simon, son of Κάμιθος (or Κ&#940...
4. Ishmael, son of Nethaniah (JE | WP GWP G) -- See G106: Gedaliah
5. Ishmael ben Phabi (Fiabi) II (JE | WP GWP G) High priest under Agrippa II.; not to be identified (as by Grätz and Schürer) with the high priest of the same name...
6. Lazard Isidor (JE | WP GWP G) Chief rabbi of France; grandson, on his mother's side, of Hirsch Katzenellenbogen, chief rabbi of Upper Alsace; born at...
7. Isidorus Hispalensis (JE | WP GWP G) Archbishop of Seville; flourished in the sixth and seventh centuries. He presided over the fourth Council of Toledo, called...
8. Isis (JE | WP GWP G) Egyptian deity, at whose instigation, it was alleged, the Jews were forced to leave Egypt. Cheremon, the enemy of the Jews...
9. Islam >> Islamic – Jewish relations JE (JE | WP GWP G) Arabic word denoting "submission to God"; the name given to the religion of Mohammed and to the practises connected therewith...
10. 'Abd al-Hakk ak-Islami (JE | WP GWP G) Jewish convert to Islam; lived at Ceuta, Morocco, in the first half of the fourteenth century. He wrote an Arabic work against...
11. Meyer Isler (JE | WP GWP G) German philologist; born Dec. 14, 1807, at Hamburg; died there Aug. 19, 1888; studied philology at the universities of Bonn...
12. Ispahan (JE | WP GWP G) City in the district of Jabal, Persia, situated on the Zendarud. The Jews pretend to have founded Ispahan, saying that it...
13. Israel (JE | WP GWP G) -- See B410: Jacob
14. Kingdom of Israel (JE | WP GWP G) in the article People of Israel the history of the Northern Kingdom in its wider relations is briefly set forth; here the...
15. People of Israel (JE | WP GWP G) in the Bible "Israel" is the national name of the people who are known racially as "Hebrews." in the tribal condition no comprehensive...
16. Israel (JE | WP GWP G) First "Hochmeister" (chief rabbi) of Germany; lived at the beginning of the fifteenth century. He was called to this office...
17. Israel (JE | WP GWP G) An Eastern family of rabbis and authors whose members dwelt in Alexandria, Jerusalem, and Rhodes, where they held important...
18. Israel of Bamberg (JE | WP GWP G) Tosafist; flourished about the middle of the thirteenth century. He was a pupil of Samuel of Bamberg, to whose rabbinate he...
19. Israel Bruna ben Hayyim (JE | WP GWP G) German rabbi of the fifteenth century. He was at first rabbi of Brünn, and after the expulsion of the Jews from that...
20. Edward Israel (JE | WP GWP G) American arctic explorer; born July 1, 1859, at Kalamazoo, Mich.; died May 27, 1884; educated at the University of Ann Arbor...

301 to 400

301 – 320

1. Hayyim Abraham Israel (JE | WP GWP G) Italian rabbi of the eighteenth century; lived at Candia and Ancona. He wrote: (1) "Bet Abraham" (Leghorn, 1786), a casuistical...
2. Israel Isser ben Ze'eb Wolf (JE | WP GWP G) Russian rabbi; lived at Vinnitsa, Podolia, in the nineteenth century. He wrote: "Sha'ar Mishpaṭ," novellæ on...
3. Israel Isserlein (JE | WP GWP G) -- See I365: Isserlein Israel ben Pethahiah Ashkenazi
4. Jacob Israel (JE | WP GWP G) Russian rabbi and author; flourished 1623-78. He is said to have been born in Temesvar, and to have been rabbi in Belzyce...
5. James Israel (JE | WP GWP G) German physician; born at Berlin Feb., 1848; M.D. Berlin, 1870. Settling in the German capital, he became in 1875 assistant...
6. Jedidiah Israel (JE | WP GWP G) Rabbi at Alexandria, Egypt, from 1802 to 1827; died 1827; son of Israel Israel, who had held the rabbinate from 1773 to 1784...
7. Israel ben Jehiel Ashkenazi (JE | WP GWP G) Italian rabbi; lived at the end of the fifteenth and in the early part of the sixteenth century. He was corrector of the edition...
8. Israel Joshua of Kutno (JE | WP GWP G) Russian-Polish rabbi; died at Kutno, in the government of Warsaw, July 11, 1893, at an advanced age. He studied in the yeshibah...
9. Israel Kohen ben Joseph (JE | WP GWP G) Polish scholar; lived in the second half of the sixteenth century. He edited the anonymous philosophical work "She'elot...
10. Israel of Krems JE (JE | WP GWP G) Austrian rabbi; flourished in the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries. He was the great-grandfather of Israel ben Pethahiah...
11. Israel ben Meïr (JE | WP GWP G) Printer and author; lived at Prague in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries. He was the author of a work entitled "Hanhagot...
12. Israel b. Moses (JE | WP GWP G) Polish cabalist; lived at the end of the sixteenth century. He is known only through his book "Tamim Yachdaw," in which...
13. Israel ben Moses ha-Levi of Zamosc (JE | WP GWP G) Galician scholar; born at Boberka at the beginning of the eighteenth century; died at Brody April, 1772. His father instructed...
14. Oskar Israel (JE | WP GWP G) German physician; born at Stralsund Sept. 6, 1854; educated at the universities of Leipsic, Kiel, and Berlin (M.D. 1877)....
15. Israel b. Pethahiah (JE | WP GWP G) -- See I365: Isserlein, Israel ben Pethahiah Ashkenazi
16. Israel Salante (JE | WP GWP G) -- See L440: Lipkin, Israel
17. Israel ben Samuel Ashkenazi of Shklov JE (JE | WP GWP G) Talmudic casuist; born at Shklov about 1770; died at Tiberias May 13, 1839. One of a group of Talmudical scholars of Shklov...
18. Israel Samuel ben Solomon (JE | WP GWP G) Polish Talmudic and halakic author of . About 1620 he lived in Cracow. His father, a physician, was of Spanish origin. Israel...
19. Israel ben Shabbethai of Kozienice (JE | WP GWP G) Hasidic rabbi, cabalist, and thaumaturge; born at Kozienice, government of Radom, Russian Poland, about 1745; died in 1815...
20. Israel ben Uri Shraga (JE | WP GWP G) German tosafist of the thirteenth century; died before 1298. Little is known of his life or of his family. He was a pupil...

321 – 340

1. Israel of Valabregue (JE | WP GWP G) French Talmudist of the first half of the fourteenth century. He lived apparently at Tarascon, and was among the small number...
2. Isaac ben Joseph (The Younger) Israeli JE (JE | WP GWP G) Spanish astronomer; flourished at Toledo in the first half of the fourteenth century. He was a pupil of Asher ben Jehiel,...
3. Isaac ben Solomon Israeli (Abu Ya'kub Ishak ibn Sulaiman Alisra'ili) JE (JE | WP GWP G) African physician and philosopher; born in Egypt before 832; died at Kairwan, Tunis, in 932. These dates are given by most...
4. Israel Israeli (JE | WP GWP G) Spanish scholar; died at Toledo 1326; probably identical with Israel ben Joseph of Toledo, brother of the astronomer Isaac...
5. Israelik (JE | WP GWP G) -- See P199: Periodicals
6. Der Israelit (JE | WP GWP G) Biweekly periodical published in Galicia since 1868. It is the organ of the Shomer Yisrael Association of Lemberg, of which...
7. Der Israelit (JE | WP GWP G) Formerly, a weekly, now a semiweekly journal published at Mayence, Germany. It was founded in 1860 by M. Lehmann and edited...
8. Der Israelit des neunzehnten Jahrhunderts (JE | WP GWP G) Periodical published in Germany in the first half of the nineteeth century. It first appeared, from Oct., 1839, up to Oct...
9. Israelite-Christians (Izrailskiye Christiyanye) (JE | WP GWP G) to encourage the conversion of Jews to Christianity, the Committee of Guardians for Israelite-Christians was established in...
10. Israélite Française (JE | WP GWP G) -- See P199: Periodicals
11. Israelitisch-Theologische Lehranstalt (JE | WP GWP G) Rabbinical and teachers' seminary in Vienna, founded 1893 at the suggestion of Wilhelm and David von Guttmann and with...
12. Israelitische Allianz zu Wien (JE | WP GWP G) Society for the promotion of Jewish interests, founded at Vienna in 1872 by Joseph Ritter von Wertheimer, and modeled on the...
13. Israelitische Annalen (JE | WP GWP G) Weekly journal; published in Frankfort-on-the-Main. The first number appeared Jan. 4, 1839; it discontinued publication Dec...
14. Israelitische Bote (JE | WP GWP G) -- See P199: Periodicals
15. Israelitische Gemeindeblatt (JE | WP GWP G) -- See P199: Periodicals
16. Israelitische Gemeinde- und Familienzeitung (JE | WP GWP G) -- See P199: Periodicals
17. Israelitische Gemeinde- und Schulzeitung (JE | WP GWP G) -- See P199: Periodicals
18. Israelitische Gemeindezeitung (JE | WP GWP G) -- See P199: Periodicals
19. Israelietische Jaarboekje (JE | WP GWP G) -- See P199: Periodicals
20. Israelitische Lehrer (JE | WP GWP G) -- See P199: Periodicals

341 – 360

1. Israelitische Lehrer Und Kantor (JE | WP GWP G) -- See J701: Jüdische Presse
2. Israelitische Lehrerzeitung (JE | WP GWP G) -- See P199: Periodicals
3. Israelietische Letterbode (JE | WP GWP G) -- See P199: Periodicals
4. Israelitische Merkur (JE | WP GWP G) -- See P199: Periodicals
5. Israelietische Nieuwsbode (JE | WP GWP G) -- See P199: Periodicals
6. Israelitische Schul- und Predigermagazin (JE | WP GWP G) Monthly periodical, published in Magdeburg by Ludwig Philippson. It first appeared in 1834, and continued up to the end of...
7. Israelitische Schulzeitung (JE | WP GWP G) -- See P199: Periodicals
8. Israelitische Volksblatt (JE | WP GWP G) -- See P199: Periodicals
9. Israelitische Volkslehrer (JE | WP GWP G) Monthly, published at Frankfort-on-the-Main. It was founded in 1851, and continued to 1862. It was edited by Leopold Stein...
10. Israelitische Wochenschrift für die Religiösen und Socialen Interessen des Judenthums (JE | WP GWP G) Weekly journal, published at Breslau and later at Magdeburg. The first number appeared Jan. 5, 1870; the last toward the close...
11. Israelitischer Haus- und Schulfreund (JE | WP GWP G) -- See P199: Periodicals
12. Israelitischer Lehrerbote (JE | WP GWP G) -- See P199: Periodicals
13. Israelitischer Musenalmanach (JE | WP GWP G) -- See P199: Periodicals
14. Israelitischer Neuigkeitsbote (JE | WP GWP G) -- See P199: Periodicals
15. Israelitulu Romanul (JE | WP GWP G) -- See P199: Periodicals
16. Abraham Hartog Israels (JE | WP GWP G) Dutch medical historian; born at Groningen March 27, 1822; died at Amsterdam. Jan. 16, 1883; educated at the university of...
17. Israel's Herold (JE | WP GWP G) -- See P199: Periodicals
18. Joseph Israels (JE | WP GWP G) Dutch genre painter; born at Groningen, Holland, June 27, 1824. It was his mother's desire that he should enter the rabbinate...
19. Issa (JE | WP GWP G) -- See A2038: Jose
20. Issachar (JE | WP GWP G) Ninth son of Jacob and fifth of Leah, born a considerable length of time after her other children (Gen. xxx. 17, 18; comp...

361 – 380

1. Tribe of Issachar (JE | WP GWP G) A tribe of Israel, descended from Issachar. The numbers accredited to Issachar are: 54,400 in Num. i. 29; 64,300 in Num. xxvi...
2. Issachar Bär b. Tanhum (JE | WP GWP G) Russian rabbi; born (in Grodno ?) 1779; died at Wilna July 31, 1855. He became one of the "more Zedek" ("dayyanim")...
3. Issachar Dob ben Jacob Joshua (JE | WP GWP G) Rabbi of Podhajee, Galicia; born at Lisko, Galicia, 1712; died in Berlin Oct. 28, 1744. His father was the author of "Pene...
4. Issachar ben Issachar Cohen Gersoni (JE | WP GWP G) Bohemian printer and author; lived in Prague in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries. In 1691 he was employed at F&#252...
5. Israel ben Pethahiah Ashkenazi Isserlein (Isserlin) (JE | WP GWP G) the foremost Talmudic authority of Germany in the first half of the fifteenth century; born in the last decade of the fourteenth...
6. Moses ben Israel (Rema) Isserles (JE | WP GWP G) Polish rabbi, code annotator, and philosopher; born at Cracow about 1520; died there May 1, 1572. His father was a rich and...
7. Issi (Isi, Issa) (JE | WP GWP G) -- See I273: Ise and Jose.
8. Istria (JE | WP GWP G) A small peninsula at the northern end of the Adriatic Sea, having about 320,000 inhabitants, of whom 285 are Jews. Ethnographically...
9. Italy >> History of the Jews in Italy JE (JE | WP GWP G) Kingdom of southern Europe, with a total population of about 32,000,000, in which there are about 34,653 Jews (1901). This...
10. Ithamar (JE | WP GWP G) Youngest son of Aaron by Elisheba (Ex. vi. 23). Together with his father and three brothers he was consecrated to the priesthood...
11. Itil (JE | WP GWP G) -- See A2076: Atel
12. Itinerant mendicant (JE | WP GWP G) -- See S344: Schnorrer
13. Itinerant Teachers (JE | WP GWP G) -- See S385: Baḥur
14. Iturea JE (JE | WP GWP G) Greek name of a province, derived from the Biblical "Jetur," name of a son of Ishmael (comp. Gen. xxv. 15, 16). The name of...
15. Itze (Isaac) of Chernigov JE (JE | WP GWP G) Russian scholar of the twelfth century, frequently consulted by his contemporaries on questions of Biblical exegesis. He is...
16. Itzig (JE | WP GWP G) Wealthy German family which did much in the eighteenth century for the development of modern culture among the Jews. Babette...
17. Ivan III, Vassilivich, the Great >> Khozi Kokos JE(JE | WP GWP G) Czar of Russia 1462-1505. His attitude toward the Jews was friendly. Under his reign the Jew Skhariyah (Zechariah), who arrived...
18. Ivan IV, Vassilivich, the Terrible (JE | WP GWP G) When the Russian army occupied the flourishing Polish city of Polotzk, which at that time (1563) had a prosperous Jewish community...
19. Ivisa (JE | WP GWP G) See Balearic Islands.
20. Ivory (JE | WP GWP G) the Hebrew word for ivory, i.e., "shen" (= "tooth"), shows that the Israelites knew what ivory was. The other term used to...

381 – 400

1. Iwre-Teutsch (JE | WP GWP G) -- See J586: Judæo-German
2. Ixar (Hijar) (JE | WP GWP G) Town in Aragon, Spain, 62 miles to the northeast of Teruel. Here were printed by Eliezer Alantansi two parts of the Spanish...
3. Iyyar (JE | WP GWP G) the second month in the Jewish calendar, consisting always of twenty-nine days, and falling between the tenth of April and...
4. Izates JE (JE | WP GWP G) Proselyte; King of Adiabene; son of Queen Helena and Monobaz I.; born in the year 1 of the common era; died in 55. While in...
5. Izban (JE | WP GWP G) -- See E317: Elon
6. Izraelita (JE | WP GWP G) Jewish weekly in the Polish language, published in Warsaw since 1865. It was the successor of the Jutrzenka. At the beginning...
7. Izraelita Közlöny (JE | WP GWP G) -- See P199: Periodicals
8. Izraelita Magyar Néptanitó (JE | WP GWP G) -- See P199: Periodicals

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