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Wat Sanuan Wari Phatthanaram

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Coordinates: 16°02′23″N 102°42′16″E / 16.039613233411867°N 102.70433473998064°E / 16.039613233411867; 102.70433473998064
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Wat Sanuan Wari Phatthanaram
วัดสนวนวารีพัฒนาราม
The traditional sim is in the foreground with a newer, Bangkok-style wat in the background.
Religion
AffiliationBuddhism
SectTheravāda, Mahā Nikāya
RegionNorthern Thailand
Location
Location87 Thanon Mittraphap, Hua Nong, Ban Phai, Khon Kaen
CountryThailand
Wat Sanuan Wari Phatthanaram is located in Thailand
Wat Sanuan Wari Phatthanaram
Shown within Thailand
Geographic coordinates16°02′23″N 102°42′16″E / 16.039613233411867°N 102.70433473998064°E / 16.039613233411867; 102.70433473998064
Architecture
Completed1926

Wat Sanuan Wari Phatthanaram[a] (Thai: วัดสนวนวารีพัฒนาราม) is a Mahā Nikāya Theravāda Buddhist temple, or wat, in Hua Nong, Khon Kaen, Thailand. Constructed in the early 1920s, is known for its Isan hup taem (ฮูปแต้ม, 'mural painting' in Isan) depicting scenes from the Vessantara Jātaka and Sang Sinxay decorating the ordination hall (สิม, sim).[2] A more modern, Bangkok-style wat was constructed on the site in 1997, with the old sim remaining in place for tourists and private ceremonies. Despite its value as a work of local Isan culture, the old sim has received only minimal preservation and restoration work.[3]

History

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Wat Sanuan Wari was established in 1922 and construction of its sim began after receiving a royal grant (วิสุงคามสีมา, wisungkhamsima) on 13 April 1923. The structure was completed in 1926.[2] To support its construction, the local people raised ฿200 (equivalent to ฿24,192 in 2020).[4] Around 2007, the original roof was replaced with a corrugated metal roof in same style as the original wooden roof.[5]

The sim, which is made of bricks and plaster, has three rooms and measures 5 by 7.5 metres (16 ft × 25 ft). The east-facing front wall has a Vietnamese-style arched doorway. The west wall is solid, while the north and south wall feature semicircular arched windows.[6] It was mostly likely designed by an ethnically Vietnamese craftsman named Chang Kaew (ช่างแกว), also known as ông Thông Pha, and it features a Vietnamese-style roof and arches. The stairs leading up about 1 metre (3.3 ft) into the sim feature stucco banisters shaped like nāga.[4] In side the sim, against the west wall, is a Buddha statue the Māravijaya attitude produced by local craftsmen.[6]

Hup taem murals

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The interior and exterior of the sim contain painted murals created by local artisans with powder paints in indigo, green, yellow, black, and brown; the brightly colored murals are designed to stand out from their light, cream-colored background.[7] The interior murals include thirteen chapters of the Vessantara Jātaka depicted in panels similar to the cloth scrolls used to tell the same stories of Buddha's life during local Bun Phawet festivals with captions naming each scene.[8] The exterior murals are mostly scenes from the Sinsai epic, the Isan version of the Lao Sang Sinxay epic. The story of the rescue of a princess from a yaksha by her three nephews begins on the south wall of the sim and travel clockwise around the building. On the west wall, the Sinsai retelling is interrupted by a panel depicting scenes from hell (naraka).[9]

Also on the west wall, in a false window, is a self-portrait purported to be of one of the hup taem's artists, Mr. Yuak (นายยวก).[10] A second local artist, Mr. Daeng (นายแดง), is also credited with working on the hup taem.[4]

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Notes

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  1. ^ In common use, the temple's name is often shortened to Wat Sanuan Wari. It is also referred to as Wat Ban Hua Nong (วัดบ้านหัวหนอง) after its location and, historically as Wat Chanuan (วัดชนวน), after a chanuan tree (Dalbergia nigrescens) growing at the site.[1]

References

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  1. ^ วัดสนวนวารีพัฒนาราม [Wat Sanuan Wari Phatthanaram]. Local Arts and Achitecture of Esan Buddha Arts. Retrieved 2024-09-30.
  2. ^ a b Tanupon, En On (2023). "Protecting Traditional Morality in Art: Using Contemporary Thai Visual Arts to Conserve the Murals of Wat Sanuan Wari Phatthanaram, Thailand". The International Journal of Interdisciplinary Cultural Studies. 18 (1): 67–79. doi:10.18848/2327-008X/CGP/v18i01/67-79. ISSN 2327-008X.
  3. ^ Brereton, Bonnie Pacala (2015). "On the "7-Elevenization" of Buddhist Murals in Thailand: Preventing Further Loss of Local Cultural Heritage in Isan". 1. 11: Journal of Mekong Societies. doi:10.14456/JMS.2015.1.
  4. ^ a b c ธนภัทร์, ลิ้มหัสนัยกุล (2023-07-01). สินไซ-เสาไฟ [Sinsai Electric Poles]. The Cloud (in Thai). Retrieved 2024-09-25.
  5. ^ Brereton, Bonie Pacala (2010). "Towards a Definition of Isan Mural Painting: Focus on the Heartland". Journal of the Siam Society. 98: 186fn. Retrieved 2024-09-24.
  6. ^ a b อุโบสถ (สิม) วัดสนวนวารีพัฒนาราม [Ubosot (Sim) of Wat Sanuan Wari Phatthanaram]. แหล่งศิลปกรรมอันควรอนุรักษ์. Retrieved 2024-10-01.
  7. ^ Siahoo, Nam-oi (2017). The Study of Color Scheme of Mural Painting and Decoration in Interior Architecture (Case Study: Temples in Khon Kaen) (PDF). 4th International Conference on Arts and Humanities. pp. 1, 27–30. doi:10.17501/icoah.2017.4103.
  8. ^ Bereton (2010), p. 190.
  9. ^ Brereton (2010), p. 189.
  10. ^ Ciccone, Timothy M. (2015). "Wat Sanuan Wari Temple, Khon Kaen, Thailand". Asian Historical Architecture. Photo 55 of 69. Retrieved 2024-09-25.
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