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Visa requirements for Turkish citizens

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Turkish passport

Visa requirements for Turkish citizens are administrative entry restrictions by the authorities of other states placed on citizens of Turkey.

There are four types of Turkish passports: Ordinary Passport, Special Passport, Service Passport and Diplomatic Passport.

Visa requirements map

[edit]
Visa requirements for holders of Turkish ordinary passports
  Republic of Turkey
  ID card travel
  Visa not required
  Visa on arrival
  eVisa
  Visa available both on arrival or online
  Visa required

As of 2024, Turkish citizens had visa-free or visa on arrival access to 118 countries and territories, ranking the Turkish passport 52nd in the world according to the Henley Passport Index.[1]

Turkey is the only EU candidate country whose citizens are still required visas for their travels to the European Union member countries. Turkish passport, along with Russian passport, is the highest ranking passports whose holders are still required visas for their travels to the European Union, the United States, the United Kingdom and Canada.

Visa requirements

[edit]

Dependent, disputed, or restricted territories

[edit]

Visa requirements for Turkish citizens for visits to various territories, disputed areas, partially recognized countries and restricted zones:

Africa
Asia

[297]

Caribbean and North Atlantic
  •  Anguilla — Visa required - Possible to visit with a multiple entry Canada, USA or United Kingdom visa.[299]
  •  Aruba — Visa required - Possible to visit with a multiple entry Schengen visa or an EU residence permit.[300]
  • Netherlands Bonaire, St. Eustatius and Saba — Visa required - Possible to visit with a multiple entry Schengen visa or an EU residence permit.[301]
  •  Bermuda — Visa required - Possible to visit with a multiple entry US, UK or Canada visa.[302]
  •  British Virgin Islands — Visa not required - 30 days.[303]
  •  Cayman Islands — Visa required. Possible to visit with US Green Card if arriving directly from USA.[304]
  •  Colombia — Visitors arriving at San Andrés must buy tourist cards on arrival.[305]
  •  Curacao — Visa required - Possible to visit with a multiple entry Schengen visa or an EU residence permit .[306]
  •  Montserrat — Visa required - eVisa Application Possible. Possible to visit with a multiple entry EU Member State, Canada or USA visa.[307]
  •  Greenland — Visa required.[308]
  • Venezuela Margarita Island — All visitors are fingerprinted.[309]
  •  Puerto Rico — Visa required - Possible to visit with a multiple entry US visa [310]
  •  Saint Barthelemy — Visa required - Possible to visit with a multiple entry Schengen visa or an EU residence permit.[311]
  •  Saint Martin — Visa required - Possible to visit with a multiple entry Schengen visa or an EU residence permit.[311]
  •  Saint Pierre and Miquelon — Visa required. Possible to visit with a multiple entry Schengen visa or an EU residence permit.[311]
  •  Sint Maarten — Visa required - Possible to visit with a multiple entry Schengen visa or an EU residence permit.[312]
  •  Turks and Caicos Islands — Visa not required [313]
  •  U.S. Virgin Islands — Visa required - Possible to visit with a multiple entry US visa [314]
Europe
Oceania
South America
  • Galápagos — Online pre-registration is required. Transit Control Card must also be obtained at the airport prior to departure.[353]
South Atlantic and Antarctica

Consular protection of Turkish citizens abroad

[edit]
Map of countries with Turkish representations

Turkey has the 3rd largest diplomatic network in the world with 252 diplomatic and consular missions.[372]

Non-visa restrictions

[edit]

Blank passport pages

[edit]

Many countries require a minimum number of blank pages to be available in the passport being presented, typically one or two pages.[373] Endorsement pages, which often appear after the visa pages, are not counted as being valid or available.

Vaccination

[edit]
Cover of the new International Certificate of Vaccination issued by the Bureau of Quarantine in the Philippines since 2021

Many African countries, including Angola, Benin, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Chad, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Republic of the Congo, Côte d'Ivoire, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea-Bissau, Kenya, Liberia, Mali, Mauritania, Niger, Rwanda, Senegal, Sierra Leone and Togo, South Sudan, Uganda, and Zambia, require all incoming passengers older than nine months to one year[374] to have a current International Certificate of Vaccination or Prophylaxis, as does the South American territory of French Guiana.[375]

Some other countries require vaccination only if the passenger is coming from an infected area or has visited one recently or has transited for 12 hours in those countries: Algeria, Botswana, Cabo Verde, Chad, Djibouti, Egypt, Eswatini, Ethiopia, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Lesotho, Libya, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Madagascar, Malawi, Mauritania, Mauritius, Mozambique, Namibia, Nigeria, Papua New Guinea, Seychelles, Somalia, South Africa, Sudan, Tunisia, Uganda, United Republic of Tanzania, Zambia and Zimbabwe.[376][377]

Passport validity length

[edit]

Very few countries, such as Paraguay, just require a valid passport on arrival.

However many countries and groupings now require only an identity card – especially from their neighbours. Other countries may have special bilateral arrangements that depart from the generality of their passport validity length policies to shorten the period of passport validity required for each other's citizens[378][379] or even accept passports that have already expired (but not been cancelled).[380]

Some countries, such as Japan,[381] Ireland and the United Kingdom,[382] require a passport valid throughout the period of the intended stay.

In the absence of specific bilateral agreements, countries requiring passports to be valid for at least 6 more months on arrival include Afghanistan, Algeria, Anguilla, Bahrain,[383] Bhutan, Botswana, British Virgin Islands, Brunei, Cambodia, Cameroon, Cape Verde, Cayman Islands, Central African Republic, Chad, Comoros, Costa Rica, Côte d'Ivoire, Curaçao, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador, Equatorial Guinea, Fiji, Gabon, Guinea Bissau, Guyana, Haiti, India, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Israel,[384] Jordan, Kenya, Kiribati, Kuwait, Laos, Madagascar, Malaysia, Marshall Islands, Mongolia, Myanmar, Namibia, Nepal, Nicaragua, Nigeria, Oman, Palau, Papua New Guinea, Peru,[385] Philippines,[386] Qatar, Rwanda, Samoa, Saudi Arabia, Singapore, Solomon Islands, Somalia, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Suriname, Tanzania, Thailand, Timor-Leste, Tokelau, Tonga, Turkey, Tuvalu, Uganda, United Arab Emirates, Vanuatu, Venezuela, and Vietnam.[387]

Countries requiring passports valid for at least 4 months on arrival include Micronesia and Zambia.

Countries requiring passports with a validity of at least 3 months beyond the date of intended departure include Azerbaijan, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Honduras, Montenegro, Nauru, Moldova and New Zealand. Similarly, the EEA countries of Iceland, Liechtenstein, Norway, all European Union countries (except Ireland) together with Switzerland also require 3 months validity beyond the date of the bearer's intended departure unless the bearer is an EEA or Swiss national.

Countries requiring passports valid for at least 3 months on arrival include Albania, North Macedonia, Panama, and Senegal.

Bermuda requires passports to be valid for at least 45 days upon entry.

Countries that require a passport validity of at least one month beyond the date of intended departure include Eritrea, Hong Kong, Lebanon, Macau, the Maldives[388] and South Africa.

Criminal record

[edit]

Some countries, including Australia, Canada, Fiji, New Zealand and the United States,[389] routinely deny entry to non-citizens who have a criminal record, while others impose restrictions depending on the type of conviction and the length of the sentence.

Persona non grata

[edit]

The government of a country can declare a diplomat persona non grata, banning them from entering the country or expelling them if they have already entered. In non-diplomatic use, the authorities of a country may also declare a foreigner persona non grata permanently or temporarily, usually because of unlawful activity.[390]

Israeli stamps

[edit]
Israeli border control Entry Permit (issued as a stand-alone document rather than a stamp affixed in a passport)

Kuwait,[391] Lebanon,[392] Libya,[393] and Yemen[394] do not allow entry to people with passport stamps from Israel or whose passports have either a used or an unused Israeli visa, or where there is evidence of previous travel to Israel such as entry or exit stamps from neighbouring border posts in transit countries such as Jordan and Egypt.

To circumvent this Arab League boycott of Israel, the Israeli immigration services have now mostly ceased to stamp foreign nationals' passports on either entry to or exit from Israel (unless the entry is for some work-related purposes). Since 15 January 2013, Israel no longer stamps foreign passports at Ben Gurion Airport. Passports are still (as of 22 June 2017) stamped at Erez when passing into and out of Gaza.[citation needed]

Iran refuses admission to holders of passports containing an Israeli visa or stamp that is less than 12 months old.

Biometrics

[edit]

Several countries mandate that all travellers, or all foreign travellers, be fingerprinted on arrival and will refuse admission to or even arrest travellers who refuse to comply. In some countries, such as the United States, this may apply even to transit passengers who merely wish to change planes rather than go landside.[395]

Fingerprinting countries/regions include Afghanistan,[396][397] Argentina,[398] Brunei, Cambodia,[399] China,[400] Ethiopia,[401] Ghana, Guinea,[402] India, Japan,[403][404] Kenya (both fingerprints and a photo are taken),[405] Malaysia upon entry and departure,[406] Mongolia, Saudi Arabia,[407] Singapore, South Korea,[408] Taiwan, Thailand,[409] Uganda,[410] the United Arab Emirates and the United States.

Many countries also require a photo be taken of people entering the country. The United States, which does not fully implement exit control formalities at its land frontiers (although long mandated by its own legislation),[411][412][413] intends to implement facial recognition for passengers departing from international airports to identify people who overstay their visa.[414]

Together with fingerprint and face recognition, iris scanning is one of three biometric identification technologies internationally standardised since 2006 by the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) for use in e-passports[415] and the United Arab Emirates conducts iris scanning on visitors who need to apply for a visa.[416][417] The United States Department of Homeland Security has announced plans to greatly increase the biometric data it collects at US borders.[418] In 2018, Singapore began trials of iris scanning at three land and maritime immigration checkpoints.[419][420]

See also

[edit]

Notes

[edit]
  1. ^ The policy shall be applied until 31 December 2024 and is subject to daily quota.[95][96][97]

References

[edit]
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  70. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  71. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  72. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
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  81. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
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  95. ^ https://www.mfa.gov.tr/yunanistan.tr.mfa
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  117. ^ "Home". Immigration Service Delivery.
  118. ^ "The British-Irish Visa Scheme" (PDF). Retrieved 8 March 2018.
  119. ^ "Short stay visa waiver programme".
  120. ^ Tourist visa table, Israel Ministry of Foreign Affairs, 23 May 2017.
  121. ^ "Vize Hizmetleri". embassies.gov.il. Retrieved 21 April 2023.
  122. ^ Visa for Italy, Ministry of Foreign Affairs and International Cooperation of Italy.
  123. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
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  127. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  128. ^ "Kenya eTA".
  129. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  130. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  131. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  132. ^ "K-ETA".
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  134. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
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  136. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
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  138. ^ https://www.evisa.e-gov.kg/get_information.php?lng=en
  139. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  140. ^ "Laos eVisa".
  141. ^ Countries whose citizens may enter Latvia without a visa, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Latvia, 9 October 2017.
  142. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  143. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  144. ^ "Lesotho eVisa".
  145. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  146. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  147. ^ "Libya eVisa".
  148. ^ Visa, Government of Liechtenstein (in German).
  149. ^ Do I need a visa?, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Lithuania, 30 August 2017.
  150. ^ Staying in Luxembourg for less than 90 days, Government of Luxembourg.
  151. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  152. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  153. ^ "Malawi eVisa".
  154. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
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  156. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
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  170. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  171. ^ "Mozambique eVisa".
  172. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  173. ^ "Myanmar eVisa".
  174. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  175. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  176. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
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  183. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
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