Ust-Kamchatsk
56°13′N 162°33′E / 56.217°N 162.550°E
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Ust-Kamchatsk (Russian: Усть-Камча́тск) is a rural locality (a settlement) and the administrative center of Ust-Kamchatsky District of Kamchatka Krai, Russia, located on the eastern shore of the Kamchatka Peninsula at the mouth of the Kamchatka River some 50 kilometers (31 mi) away from the Klyuchevskaya Sopka volcano and 522 kilometers (324 mi) from Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky. Population: 4,352 (2010 Census);[1] 5,231 (2002 Census);[2] 13,611 (1989 Soviet census).[3]
History
[edit]It was founded in 1731 as the settlement of Ust-Primorsky (Усть-Примо́рский) and was renamed Ust-Kamchatsk in 1890. In 2007, Ust-Kamchatsk was demoted in status from urban-type settlement to a rural locality.
Economy
[edit]There is a sea port, a fish-processing plant (FPP 66), a few woodworking factories, and Ust-Kamchatsk Airport (opened in 1937) in Ust-Kamchatsk.
Climate
[edit]Ust-Kamchatsk has a subarctic climate (Köppen Dfc) although it has a strong maritime influence resulting in much less extreme winters, cooler summers and much heavier precipitation (both as winter snowfall and summer rainfall) compared to interior Siberia and even the Sea of Okhotsk coast. For instance, mean July maxima are 9 °C or 16.2 °F cooler than those of Yakutsk, whereas January means are around 27 °C or 48.6 °F warmer than the Sakha capital. The effect of the cold Oyashio Current in summer and frequent offshore winds from the Siberian High and Aleutian Low in winter means that, despite the substantial maritime moderation of winter temperatures, annual means are still 7.1 °C or 12.8 °F colder than Ketchikan at a similar latitude on the western coast of North America and 8.9 °C or 16.0 °F colder than Edinburgh at a similar latitude in northwestern Europe.
The windswept locality is largely resembling a barren tundra, although large forests are nearby in more shielded locations.[4]
| Climate data for Ust-Kamchatsk (Climate ID:32408) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 5.7 (42.3) |
6.5 (43.7) |
5.0 (41.0) |
10.3 (50.5) |
19.2 (66.6) |
26.9 (80.4) |
31.0 (87.8) |
29.0 (84.2) |
24.0 (75.2) |
17.1 (62.8) |
9.8 (49.6) |
8.1 (46.6) |
31.0 (87.8) |
| Mean maximum °C (°F) | 1.1 (34.0) |
0.9 (33.6) |
2.9 (37.2) |
7.0 (44.6) |
12.9 (55.2) |
21.2 (70.2) |
24.2 (75.6) |
23.4 (74.1) |
19.0 (66.2) |
12.3 (54.1) |
6.0 (42.8) |
2.0 (35.6) |
25.1 (77.2) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | −7.7 (18.1) |
−6.8 (19.8) |
−2.6 (27.3) |
1.0 (33.8) |
5.4 (41.7) |
12.0 (53.6) |
16.4 (61.5) |
16.9 (62.4) |
13.8 (56.8) |
7.0 (44.6) |
0.2 (32.4) |
−5.2 (22.6) |
4.2 (39.6) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | −11.6 (11.1) |
−10.9 (12.4) |
−6.5 (20.3) |
−2.5 (27.5) |
2.3 (36.1) |
7.8 (46.0) |
12.2 (54.0) |
12.9 (55.2) |
9.6 (49.3) |
3.2 (37.8) |
−3.1 (26.4) |
−9.1 (15.6) |
0.4 (32.6) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | −16 (3) |
−15.5 (4.1) |
−11.2 (11.8) |
−6.4 (20.5) |
−0.5 (31.1) |
4.3 (39.7) |
8.6 (47.5) |
9.4 (48.9) |
5.5 (41.9) |
−0.7 (30.7) |
−6.7 (19.9) |
−13.3 (8.1) |
−3.5 (25.6) |
| Mean minimum °C (°F) | −31.5 (−24.7) |
−29.8 (−21.6) |
−26.0 (−14.8) |
−17.4 (0.7) |
−6.5 (20.3) |
0.0 (32.0) |
3.8 (38.8) |
3.9 (39.0) |
−0.8 (30.6) |
−8.9 (16.0) |
−17.3 (0.9) |
−26 (−15) |
−33 (−27) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −41 (−42) |
−39.4 (−38.9) |
−37 (−35) |
−29 (−20) |
−15.7 (3.7) |
−2.6 (27.3) |
0.0 (32.0) |
−0.3 (31.5) |
−5.1 (22.8) |
−14 (7) |
−27.2 (−17.0) |
−38 (−36) |
−41 (−42) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 85.6 (3.37) |
70.9 (2.79) |
63.9 (2.52) |
36.0 (1.42) |
39.9 (1.57) |
35.1 (1.38) |
44.8 (1.76) |
76.1 (3.00) |
62.2 (2.45) |
67.8 (2.67) |
67.3 (2.65) |
73.5 (2.89) |
723.1 (28.47) |
| Average precipitation days (≥ 1.0 mm) | 12.6 | 11.9 | 10.7 | 7.1 | 7.6 | 6.8 | 7.8 | 10.2 | 9.8 | 9.6 | 9.6 | 11.5 | 115.2 |
| Mean monthly sunshine hours | 71.3 | 87.6 | 148.8 | 186.0 | 173.6 | 174.0 | 151.9 | 151.9 | 156.0 | 130.2 | 96.0 | 58.9 | 1,586.2 |
| Source 1: Roshydromet[5][6] | |||||||||||||
| Source 2: HKO (precipitation and sunshine)[7] | |||||||||||||
References
[edit]- ^ Russian Federal State Statistics Service (2011). Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года. Том 1 [2010 All-Russian Population Census, vol. 1]. Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года [2010 All-Russia Population Census] (in Russian). Federal State Statistics Service.
- ^ Federal State Statistics Service (May 21, 2004). Численность населения России, субъектов Российской Федерации в составе федеральных округов, районов, городских поселений, сельских населённых пунктов – районных центров и сельских населённых пунктов с населением 3 тысячи и более человек [Population of Russia, Its Federal Districts, Federal Subjects, Districts, Urban Localities, Rural Localities—Administrative Centers, and Rural Localities with Population of Over 3,000] (XLS). Всероссийская перепись населения 2002 года [All-Russia Population Census of 2002] (in Russian).
- ^ Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 г. Численность наличного населения союзных и автономных республик, автономных областей и округов, краёв, областей, районов, городских поселений и сёл-райцентров [All Union Population Census of 1989: Present Population of Union and Autonomous Republics, Autonomous Oblasts and Okrugs, Krais, Oblasts, Districts, Urban Settlements, and Villages Serving as District Administrative Centers]. Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 года [All-Union Population Census of 1989] (in Russian). Институт демографии Национального исследовательского университета: Высшая школа экономики [Institute of Demography at the National Research University: Higher School of Economics]. 1989 – via Demoscope Weekly.
- ^ "Google Maps - 56.24°N, 162.52°E". Google Maps. Retrieved April 11, 2023.
- ^ "Climate of Ust-Kamchatsk" (in Russian). Weather and Climate (Погода и климат). Retrieved November 3, 2019.
- ^ "该文档暂时不可访问".
- ^ "Climatological Information for Ust-Kamcatsk, Russia". Hong Kong Observatory. December 20, 2012 [2003]. Archived from the original (HTML) on January 13, 2014. Retrieved November 1, 2011.
