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Yahoo! Mail
Type of site
Webmail
Available inMultilingual (27)[1]
OwnerYahoo!
Created byYahoo
URLmail.yahoo.com
CommercialYes
RegistrationRequired
Users1 billion active monthly users (February 2016)[2]
LaunchedOctober 8, 1997; 27 years ago (1997-10-08)[3]
Current statusOnline
Content license
Proprietary

Yahoo! Mail, a web-based email service, launched in 1997 through the American parent company Yahoo!. Yahoo! Mail provides four different email plans: three are for personal use (Basic, Plus, and Ad Free) and another is paid-for business use.[5] [6] By December 2011, it had 281 million users, making it the third largest web-based email service in the world.[7] On December 14, 2016, Yahoo! announced more than 1 billion user accounts were hacked in a breach that occurred back in 2013.[8] Earlier that year in September, Yahoo! announced that an additional 500 million user accounts were breached in 2014.[9] The company was said to have discovered about the breach that affected hundreds of millions of accounts years before their initial announcement.[10]

As many as three web interfaces were available at any given date. The traditional "Yahoo! Mail Classic" preserved the availability of their original 1997 interface until July 2013 in North America. A 2005 version included a new Ajax interface, drag-and-drop, improved search, keyboard shortcuts, address auto-completion, and tabs. However, other features were removed, such as column widths and one click delete-move-to-next. In October 2010, Yahoo! released a beta version of Yahoo! Mail,[11] which included improvements to performance, search, and Facebook integration.[12] In May 2011, it became the default interface.[13] Their current Webmail interface was introduced in 2012.

Features

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The service comes in four configurations, free, plus, ad free, and business.

Free Version

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  • Email storage capacity: 1 TB[14]
  • Email attachment limit: 25 MB (up to 100 MB via the built-in 'Attach Large Files' app)[15]
  • Account expiry on inactivity: 12 months.[16] The account cannot be retrieved.
  • Supported protocols: POP3 in Asia or via YPOPs!, IMAP via IMAP proxy or via Zimbra, SMTP, Mail Forwarding in some countries. US Users gained free POP3 and Forwarding access in 2013.[17]
  • 100 filters to automatically sort incoming messages (200 filters for the Plus version)
  • Spam and virus protection. (See: DomainKeys)
  • Advertising is displayed on the screen while working with the email account. Text ads are added to the footer of outgoing messages, as of February 2011.

Plus/Ad Free Version

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In November of the same year, Yahoo! Yahoo launched another paid service: Yahoo! Mail Plus.[18] There is a $50 set-up fee and a $20 yearly fee. It Yahoo! Mail Plus offered a number of additional features, including:

  • 25 megabytes of email storage capacity
  • 10 megabyte message size limit
  • Up to 10 attachments per email
  • POP Access and Forwarding
  • Archiving of email messages for offline access
  • Ability to send messages from Yahoo! Mail using other email domains
  • 200 blocked addresses and 50 filters to help screen unsolicited emails
  • No promotional taglines in messages
  • No account expiration

Business Version

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Yahoo! Business Email is a combination of all their email services. The service includes 10 distinct accounts, each with the same features of the plus version, as well as a personalized domain name and email address. Accounts can be managed by an administrator. There is a $25 set-up fee and $9.99 monthly fee.

  • Unlimited mail storage capacity
  • 10 email quota.
  • Additionally, a user can pay $35 per year to have up to five custom email addresses and a domain name.
  • Classic Yahoo! Mail underlines addresses and phone numbers in emails and allows the user to add them to the address book.

POP3

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Another way to access POP3 without subscribing for paid mail plans is through Yahoo! Delivers. According to the Yahoo! Mail help pages, [19] "Yahoo! offers POP access to Yahoo! Mail as a free feature exclusively for Yahoo! Delivers members". "Yahoo! offers POP access to Yahoo! Mail as a free feature … for Yahoo! Delivers members". However, this applies only to users of Canadian[19][20] Yahoo! Yahoo Mail with "@yahoo.ca" extension of their mail. In countries where there is a web browser access restriction, users can use YPOPs! and FreePOPs, which simulates a POP3 server.

History

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1997 Release

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Yahoo! made a deal with the online communications company Four11 for co-branded white pages. Marvin Gavin, who worked at Four11 as director of international business development, said, "We always had a bias about being acquired by Yahoo. They were more entrepreneurial than Microsoft. We had a great cultural fit – it made a lot of sense." In the end, Yahoo! acquired Four11 for $96 million. The purpose behind acquiring Four11 was the company's Rocketmail webmail service, which launched in 1997. Yahoo! announced the acquisition[21] on October 8, 1997, close to the time that Yahoo! Mail was launched.[22] Yahoo! chose acquisition rather than internal platform development, because, as Healy said, "Hotmail was growing at thousands and thousands users per week. We did an analysis. For us to build, it would have taken four to six months, and by then, so many users would have taken an email account. The speed of the market was critical."

The transition to Yahoo! Mail was not easy for many Rocketmail users.[23] Soon after, on March 21, 2002, Yahoo! eliminated free software client access and introduced the $29.99 per year Mail Forwarding Service.[24] Mary Osako, a Yahoo! Spokeswoman, told CNET, "For-pay services on Yahoo!, originally launched in February 1999, have experienced great acceptance from our base of active registered users, and we expect this adoption to continue to grow."

2002 Updates

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During the summer of 2002, the Yahoo! network was gradually redesigned. On July 2, the company website was redesigned, and it was announced that Yahoo! Mail and other services would also change.[25] Along with this new design, new features were to be implemented, including drop-down menus in DHTML, different category tabs, and a new user-customizable color scheme.

The launch of Yahoo! Mail Plus is part of Yahoo's strategic initiative to offer premium services that deliver innovative, reliable and relevant services to consumers....In just five years, Yahoo! Mail has grown from one million to tens of millions of users, illustrating how consumers have made email an essential part of their daily lives. Through Yahoo! Mail Plus, Yahoo! continues to demonstrate leadership and innovation by offering consumers the industry's most complete and powerful email solution.

— Geoff Ralston, senior vice president, Yahoo! Network Services[18]

Competition

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On April 1, 2004, Google announced its Gmail service with 1 gigabyte of storage. Gmail's invitation-only accounts kept the other webmail services at the forefront. Most major webmail providers, including Yahoo! Mail, increased their mailbox storage in response. Yahoo! was the first to announce 100 MB of storage for basic accounts and 2 GB of storage for premium users.[26] Determined to not lose customers, Yahoo! Mail countered Hotmail and Google by increasing its free storage quota to 1 GB, before eventually allowing unlimited storage. Yahoo! Yahoo Mail had unlimited storage from March 27, 2007 until October 8, 2013.

2004 Updates

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On July 9, 2004, Yahoo! acquired Oddpost, a webmail service which simulated a desktop email client. Oddpost had features such as drag-and-drop support, right-click menus, RSS feeds, a preview pane, and increased speed, using email caching to shorten response time. Many of the features were incorporated into an updated Yahoo! Mail service.[27]

2011 release

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File:Yahoo! Mail Screenshot.png
Screenshot of the 2011 version of Yahoo! Mail

On September 17, 2010, Yahoo! Yahoo showed off a new Mail program to reporters.[28][29] Codenamed "Minty", the 2011 release was announced on September 16, 2010.[30] It included a new interface, enhanced performance, improved Facebook and Twitter integration, the ability to watch YouTube videos straight from email, and improved search.[31] Public beta began on October 26, 2010.[32] In May 2011, the new Yahoo! Mail became the default interface.[13] As the new interface became mandatory for users, some users of Yahoo! Mail reported slow typing speeds, contradicting Yahoo's claims of "2x" faster performance. Yahoo! offered no resolution to the problem, as of September 12, 2011. Users also missed the ability to paste textual email addresses into the sender box. The new version disabled the use of the "secondary" addresses provided in the previous version. The new interface overrode the browser's right mouse button (making functions such as opening mails in new tab windows unavailable).[citation needed]

2013 release

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In 2013, Yahoo! redesigned the site and removed several features, such as simultaneously opening multiple emails in tabs, sorting by sender name, and dragging mails to folders. [33][34] The new email interface was geared to give an improved user-experience for mobile devices, but was criticised for having an inferior desktop interface.[citation needed] Many users objected to the unannounced nature of the changesthrough an online post asking Yahoo! to bring back mail tabs with one hundred thousand voting and nearly ten thousand commenting [35] The redesign produced a problem that caused an unknown number of users lost access to their accounts for a few weeks.[36]

In December 2013, Yahoo! Mail suffered a major outage where approximately one million users, 1% of the site's users, could not access their emails for several days. Mayer publicly apologized to the site's users.[37][37][38][39][40]

In January 2014, an undisclosed number of usernames and passwords were disclosed, after a security breach that Yahoo! believed had occurred through a third-party website. Yahoo! contacted affected users and requested that passwords be changed.[41]

2015 release

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Yahoo! revamped the mail service with a "more subtle" redesign in 2015, improving mobile features, and introducing the Yahoo! Account Key, a smartphone-based replacement for password logins.[42]

Spam policy

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Yahoo! Mail is often used by spammers to provide a "remove me" email address. More often than not, these addresses are used to verify the recipient's address—thus opening the door for more spam.

Yahoo! does not tolerate this practice and terminates accounts connected with spam-related activities without warning, causing spammers to lose access to any other Yahoo! services connected with their ID under the Terms of Service. Additionally, Yahoo! stresses that its servers are based in California and any spam-related activity which uses its servers could potentially violate that state's anti-spam laws.[43][44]

In February 2006, Yahoo! announced its decision (along with AOL) to give some organizations the option to "certify" mail by paying up to one cent for each outgoing message, allowing the mail in question to bypass inbound spam filters.[45]

In April 2011, Yahoo! Mail began rejecting spam reports which involve sending a copy of the spam with full headers to Yahoo's abuse department via the email address abuse at yahoo.com, Yahoo’s response for those which did was to use a form instead. However, the requirement to use a form is prohibited by several Internet RFCs, and the availability of abuse at example.com (in this case abuse at yahoo.com) is required by the Invariants clause of RFC 2142, because the domain has a mail server and MX record. Yahoo's claim was that its "standard" was "better" than the Internet standards referred to. This is the only working form through which users can report spam or misuse of the Yahoo! email service.[citation needed]

Filters

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See also: Scunthorpe problem

In order to prevent abuse, in 2002, Yahoo! Mail used filters which changed certain words (that could trigger unwanted Javascript events) and word fragments into other words. "Mocha" was changed to "espresso", "expression" became "statement", and perhaps most damaging, "eval" (short for "evaluation") became "review". The widespread unintended effects of this can be seen by using search engines to find such nonsensical terms as "prreviewent" (prevalent), "reviewuation" (evaluation) and "medireview" (medieval).

When asked about these changes, Yahoo! explained that the changed words were common terms used in Web scripting, and were blacklisted to prevent hackers from sending damaging commands via the program's HTML function. Starting before February 7, 2006, Yahoo! Mail ended the practice, and began to prefix an "_" (underscore) to certain suspicious words and word fragments.[citation needed]

Greylisting

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Incoming mail to Yahoo! addresses can be subjected to deferred delivery as part of Yahoo's incoming spam controls. This can delay delivery of mail sent to Yahoo! addresses without the sender or recipients being aware of it. The deferral is typically of short duration, but may extend to several hours. Yahoo! does not specifically document this policy in detail, although some information is available.[46][47]

Controversy

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Shi Tao arrest

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In 2004, Yahoo's Hong Kong office provided technical information to the Chinese authorities about the account of journalist Shi Tao, who was subsequently sentenced to ten years' imprisonment for "leaking state secrets".[48] Yahoo! was criticized by Reporters Without Borders for acting as a "police informant" to increase its profits.[49] In August 2007, the United States Congress began an investigation into Yahoo's handling of the case.[50] Yahoo! founder Jerry Yang testified before Congress.[51] On November 6, 2007, the congressional panel criticized Yahoo! for not giving full details to the House Foreign Affairs Committee the previous year, stating it had been "at best inexcusably negligent" and at worst "deceptive";[52] representative Tom Lantos described its executives as moral "pygmies".[53] Yang responded that Yahoo! no longer controlled its Chinese operations, and was collaborating with human rights groups to formulate ethical code for technology companies.[54]

In a February 2006 hearing, Yahoo! executives swore that they had no information about the investigation. Some months later, it was discovered that the document provided to Yahoo! China on April 22, 2004 by the Beijing State Security Bureau stated, "Your office is in possession of the following items relating to a case of suspected illegal provision of state secrets to foreign entities."[55]

On November 13, 2007, Yahoo! settled with Shi for an undisclosed sum. Shi was released from prison in September 2013.

Username bans

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On February 20, 2006, it was revealed that Yahoo! Mail was banning the word "Allah" in email usernames, both separately and as part of a user name such as linda.callahan.[56] Shortly after the news of the ban, it was lifted on February 23, 2006. Along with this action, Yahoo! also made the following statement:[57]

We continuously evaluate abuse patterns in registration usernames to help prevent spam, fraud and other inappropriate behavior. A small number of people registered for IDs using specific terms with the sole purpose of promoting hate, and then used those IDs to post content that was harmful or threatening to others, thus violating Yahoo!'s Terms of Service. 'Allah' was one word being used for these purposes, with instances tied to defamatory language. We took steps to help protect our users by prohibiting use of the term in Yahoo! usernames. We recently re-evaluated the term 'Allah' and users can now register for IDs with this word because it is no longer a significant target for abuse. We regularly evaluate this type of activity and will continue to make adjustments to our registration process to help foster a positive customer experience.

Exploit

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Exploit of Yahoo! Mail was sold for $700 by an Egyptian hacker, who allowed hijackers to hack Yahoo! Mail user accounts and redirect users to a malicious website. The attack used cross-site scripting which let hackers steal cookies.[58][59][60] In January 2013, hacker and security researcher Shahin Ramezany pointed out another DOM-based XSS loophole that placed 400 million users at risk.[61]

Phishing attack

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From 2007, Yahoo! provided major New Zealand Telecom's email service, which came under criticism in early 2013, following a spam and phishing attack that was described as the biggest to have ever hit the country.[62] Telecom and Yahoo! automatically reset "about 60,000" users' passwords.[63] In April, Telecom announced that despite the issue, it would keep Yahoo! as an email provider.[64]

China Yahoo! Mail closedown

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China Yahoo! Mail officially announced its shutdown on April 18, 2013.[65][66] Users were warned that all emails, contacts, and account settings would be lost and inaccessible, unless users migrated to the American alternative of Yahoo! Mail. Individuals who made China Yahoo! Mail accounts during the Alibaba takeover were required to create new accounts under new usernames.[67]

NNFMP

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NNFMP is an internal protocol not recognized by IANA or RFCs. Yahoo! uses this protocol to internally route email traffic across their network. The acronym stands for "Newman No-Frills Mail Protocol".[68] It is a simple, high-performance protocol comparable to QMTP. However, Yahoo! does not officially recognize its use.[69][70]

Mobile App

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The mobile app of Yahoo! Mail can be downloaded from the App Store for iOS, and the Google Play Store for Android. Both versions of the app have the same qualities, but are tailored to the mobile device's operating system. Some characteristics include replying to a message by opening a notification and separately archiving, deleting and starring notifications. It is available in several languages including Hindi, Bengali, Marathi, Tamil, Telugu, Gujarati and Kannada.[71]

See also

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References

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  1. ^ "Locations". Yahoo!. Retrieved February 13, 2017.
  2. ^ Kim, Eugene (February 18, 2016). "A day after a 'blood bath' of layoffs, Yahoo! CEO Marissa Mayer turns focus to mobile growth". Business Insider.
  3. ^ "Yahoo! Inc. - Company Timeline". Wayback Machine. July 13, 2008. Retrieved July 19, 2016.
  4. ^ "gmail.com Traffic Statistics". Alexa Internet. Retrieved December 30, 2016.
  5. ^ "Business Email Plans". Yahoo!. Retrieved April 5, 2014.
  6. ^ Pickavet, Henry (July 23, 2014). "Yahoo! Mail". TechCrunch. AOL.
  7. ^ Vascellaro, Jessica (October 31, 2012). "Gmail finally beats Hotmail, according to third-party data". Gigaom.com. Retrieved October 3, 2011.
  8. ^ "Yahoo! says 1 Billion User Accounts were hacked". The New York Times. December 14, 2016. Retrieved December 15, 2016.
  9. ^ Fiegerman, Seth (September 23, 2016). "Yahoo! says 500 million accounts stolen". CNN. Retrieved December 15, 2016.
  10. ^ "Yahoo! data breach casts 'cloud' over Verizon deal". The Washington Post. September 22, 2016. Retrieved December 15, 2016.
  11. ^ McDowell, David. "Yahoo! Mail Beta Was Released October 2010". Retrieved July 2, 2011.
  12. ^ "Yahoo! Mail Beta Features". Retrieved July 5, 2011.
  13. ^ a b "Yahoo! Mail Beta Became Yahoo! Mail in May 2011". Retrieved July 2, 2011.
  14. ^ "Yahoo! Mail reduces its storage from unlimited to 1 TB". Hot Hardware. Retrieved October 8, 2013.
  15. ^ "Yahoo! Mail - Free Email with 1TB of Storage". Overview.mail.yahoo.com. Retrieved February 5, 2017.
  16. ^ "Reasons Yahoo! deactivates or deletes an account | Yahoo! Help - SLN3057". Help.yahoo.com. Retrieved February 5, 2017.
  17. ^ October 10, 2013 (October 10, 2013). "How to access Yahoo! Mail using Pop3 or Imap - gHacks Tech News". Ghacks.net. Retrieved February 5, 2017.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
  18. ^ a b "Yahoo! Introduces Yahoo! Mail Plus To Help Consumers Manage Their Growing E-Mail Needs" (Press release). Yahoo!. November 14, 2002.
  19. ^ a b "Can I use other email programs, such as Netscape, Eudora, or Outlook, to send and read my Yahoo! Mail?". Yahoo! Canada Mail Help.
  20. ^ "US members have POP access only in Yahoo! Yahoo Mail Plus". Help.yahoo.com. December 5, 2011. Retrieved January 30, 2012.
  21. ^ "Yahoo! Completes Four11 Acquisition" (Press release). Yahoo!. October 23, 1997.
  22. ^ "Yahoo! Expands Community Services with Free E-mail" (Press release). Yahoo!. October 8, 1997.
  23. ^ Griffin, Gretchen. "Rocketmail Slowly Gets Grounded". Flak Magazine.
  24. ^ Hu, Jim (March 21, 2002). "Yahoo! tacks fees onto e-mail, storage". CNET News. Archived from the original on July 11, 2012. Retrieved June 1, 2006.
  25. ^ "Yahoo! unveils home page face-lift". ZDNet. July 2, 2002. Archived from the original on June 18, 2006. Retrieved May 31, 2006.
  26. ^ "Yahoo! Announces "New and Improved" Yahoo! Mail, Introduces Major Increase in Storage Space, Makes 50 Million Additional E-Mail Addresses Available" (Press release). Yahoo!. June 15, 2004.
  27. ^ "Yahoo! Begins Public Testing of New Yahoo! Mail" (Press release). Yahoo!. September 14, 2005.
  28. ^ Mossberg, Walter S. (August 30, 2007). "Years in the Making, Powerful Yahoo! Yahoo Mail Is Worth the Wait". The Wall Street Journal.
  29. ^ "2010 new mail program". usatoday.com. September 16, 2010.
  30. ^ Srivastava, Kakul. "Yahoo! Mail Beta Was Announced On..." Retrieved May 22, 2011.
  31. ^ David, McDowell. "Yahoo! Mail Beta Includes..." Retrieved May 22, 2011.
  32. ^ McDowell, David. "Yahoo! Mail Beta Launched On October 26th 2010..." Retrieved May 22, 2011.
  33. ^ Blue, Violet. "Anger explodes at Yahoo! Mail redesign disaster: Key functions removed or broken". ZDNet. Retrieved February 5, 2017.
  34. ^ Brett Molina (October 15, 2013). "Yahoo! email users not happy with redesign". Usatoday.com. Retrieved February 5, 2017.
  35. ^ Whitehouse, Kaja (November 11, 2013). "Yahoo! users gripe over latest email change | New York Post". Nypost.com. Retrieved January 31, 2014.
  36. ^ Blue, Violet (December 12, 2013). "Yahoo! forced to acknowledge Yahoo! Mail problems in worst failure yet". ZDNet. Retrieved January 31, 2014.
  37. ^ a b Anderson, Lessley (December 13, 2013). "Marissa Mayer apologizes for lengthy Yahoo! Mail outage". The Verge. Retrieved January 31, 2014.
  38. ^ Murphy, David (December 14, 2013). "Yahoo! CEO Marissa Mayer Apologizes for Yahoo! Mail Outage | News & Opinion". PCMag.com. Retrieved January 31, 2014.
  39. ^ "Yahoo! CEO Mayer Apologizes For Mail Outage That She Says Affected 1% Of Users". TechCrunch. December 13, 2013. Retrieved January 31, 2014.
  40. ^ "Yahoo! Mail Outage". Huffingtonpost.com. Retrieved January 31, 2014.
  41. ^ Mark Hachman (January 30, 2014). "Yahoo! acknowledges Yahoo! Mail hack". TechHive. IDG Consumer & SMB. Retrieved February 8, 2014.
  42. ^ "Yahoo! Mail gets a redesign, goes "password-free"". Siliconbeat.com. October 15, 2015. Retrieved February 5, 2017.
  43. ^ "How do I report Spam? - Yahoo! Abuse". Web.archive.org. August 28, 2007. Retrieved February 5, 2017.
  44. ^ "Yahoo! Terms". Info.yahoo.com. Retrieved February 5, 2017.
  45. ^ "AOL, Yahoo! and Goodmail: Taxing Your Email for Fun and Profit | Electronic Frontier Foundation". Eff.org. Retrieved January 30, 2012.
  46. ^ "Why am I getting "451 Message temporarily deferred" or "421 Message from x.x.x.x temporarily deferred" errors when sending mail to Yahoo!?". Yahoo!. 2007. Retrieved June 27, 2007.
  47. ^ "As a sender, how can I ensure uninterrupted SMTP access and prioritized delivery?". Yahoo!. 2007. Retrieved June 27, 2007.
  48. ^ "EastSouthWestNorth: The Case of Shi Tao". Retrieved January 21, 2007.
  49. ^ "Yahoo! 'helped jail China writer'". BBC News. September 7, 2005. Retrieved May 10, 2011.
  50. ^ "Yahoo! faces scrutiny in China case". MSNBC. Archived from the original on August 17, 2007. Retrieved August 8, 2007.
  51. ^ "中文新聞頻道". Rthk.org.hk. June 29, 2006. Retrieved January 30, 2012.
  52. ^ "BBC NEWS, US rebukes Yahoo! over China case". BBC News. November 6, 2007. Retrieved January 30, 2012.
  53. ^ Vindu Goel. "Yahoo! may be a moral pygmy, but Congress is hardly better". MercuryNews.com. Retrieved January 21, 2007.
  54. ^ "Yahoo! chief apologizes to Chinese dissidents' relatives". MercuryNews.com. November 7, 2007. Retrieved January 21, 2007.
  55. ^ Tom Lantos (November 6, 2007). "Statement of Chairman Lantos at hearing, Yahoo! Inc.'s Provision of False Information to Congress". Retrieved January 31, 2009.
  56. ^ Oates, John (February 20, 2006). "Yahoo!Mail bans Allah and Dirty Harry handles". The Register. Retrieved June 27, 2007.
  57. ^ Oates, John (February 26, 2006). "Yahoo! unbans! Allah!". The Register. Retrieved June 27, 2007.
  58. ^ "Egyptian Hackers Selling Zero-day Exploit of Yahoo! Mail For $700". Retrieved November 29, 2012.
  59. ^ "Yahoo! Email-Stealing Exploit Fetches $700". Retrieved November 12, 2012.
  60. ^ "Yahoo! Mail hijacking exploit selling for $700". Retrieved November 26, 2012.
  61. ^ "Yahoo! Mail Hit By XSS Exploit Putting 400 Million Users At Risk". Retrieved January 13, 2013.
  62. ^ "Telecom rush to fix hack". 3 News NZ. February 11, 2013.
  63. ^ "Telecom defends email reset operation". 3 News NZ. February 18, 2013. Telecom is defending a move to cancel the passwords of about 60,000 Yahoo! Xtra customers which left some customers without access to their email accounts.
  64. ^ "Telecom sticks with Yahoo! email". 3 News NZ. April 5, 2013.
  65. ^ "中国雅虎邮箱于2013年4月18日启动整体迁移". Yahoo.com.cn. Retrieved April 18, 2013.
  66. ^ The China Yahoo! Mail Team. "China Yahoo! Mail is closing". Yahoo!. Retrieved April 18, 2013.
  67. ^ "China Yahoo! Mail is closing". Yahoo!. Retrieved April 18, 2013.
  68. ^ Sam Rushing. "A high-performance, extensible Internet server framework".
  69. ^ "NNFMP, Newman - from Usenet: alt.spam". Newsgroup: alt.spam. February 3, 2010.
  70. ^ "NNFMP? (Third comment)". Jamesoff.net. December 19, 2009. Archived from the original on July 8, 2010.
  71. ^ "From Tamil to Bengali, Yahoo! Mail android app gets seven new Indian languages - The Economic Times". M.economictimes.com. October 26, 2016. Retrieved February 5, 2017.
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