User:Tomruen/5-demicube

Demipenteract (5-demicube)
Petrie polygon projection
Type	Uniform 5-polytope
Family (D_n)	5-demicube
Families (E_n)	k₂₁ polytope 1_k2 polytope
Coxeter symbol	1₂₁
Schläfli symbol	{3,3^2,1} = h{4,3³} s{2^1,1,1,1}
Coxeter-Dynkin diagram	=
4-faces	26	10 {3^1,1,1} 16 {3,3,3}
Cells	120	40 {3^1,0,1} 80 {3,3}
Faces	160	{3}
Edges	80
Vertices	16
Vertex figure	rectified 5-cell
Petrie polygon	Octagon
Symmetry group	D₅, [3^4,1,1] = [1⁺,4,3³] [2⁴]⁺
Properties	convex

In five-dimensional geometry, a demipenteract or 5-demicube is a semiregular 5-polytope, constructed from a 5-hypercube (penteract) with alternated vertices truncated.

It was discovered by Thorold Gosset. Since it was the only semiregular 5-polytope (made of more than one type of regular facets), he called it a 5-ic semi-regular.

Coxeter named this polytope as 1₂₁ from its Coxeter diagram, which has branches of length 2, 1 and 1 with a ringed node on one of the short branches, . It exists in the k₂₁ polytope family as 1₂₁ with the Gosset polytopes: 2₂₁, 3₂₁, and 4₂₁.

Cartesian coordinates

Cartesian coordinates for the vertices of a demipenteract centered at the origin and edge length 2√2 are alternate halves of the penteract:

(±1,±1,±1,±1,±1)

with an odd number of plus signs.

Projected images

Perspective projection.

Images

orthographic projections
Coxeter plane	B₅
Graph
Dihedral symmetry	[10/2]
Coxeter plane	D₅	D₄
Graph
Dihedral symmetry	[8]	[6]
Coxeter plane	D₃	A₃
Graph
Dihedral symmetry	[4]	[4]

Related polytopes

It is a part of a dimensional family of uniform polytopes called demihypercubes for being alternation of the hypercube family.

There are 23 Uniform 5-polytopes (uniform 5-polytopes) that can be constructed from the D₅ symmetry of the demipenteract, 8 of which are unique to this family, and 15 are shared within the penteractic family.

D5 polytopes
h{4,3,3,3}	h₂{4,3,3,3}	h₃{4,3,3,3}	h₄{4,3,3,3}	h_2,3{4,3,3,3}	h_2,4{4,3,3,3}	h_3,4{4,3,3,3}	h_2,3,4{4,3,3,3}

The 5-demicube is third in a dimensional series of semiregular polytopes. Each progressive uniform polytope is constructed vertex figure of the previous polytope. Thorold Gosset identified this series in 1900 as containing all regular polytope facets, containing all simplexes and orthoplexes (5-cells and 16-cells in the case of the rectified 5-cell). In Coxeter's notation the 5-demicube is given the symbol 1₂₁.

k₂₁ figures in n dimensions
Space	Finite						Euclidean	Hyperbolic
E_n	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10
Coxeter group	E₃=A₂A₁	E₄=A₄	E₅=D₅	E₆	E₇	E₈	E₉ = ${\tilde {E}}_{8}$ = E₈⁺	E₁₀ = ${\bar {T}}_{8}$ = E₈⁺⁺
Coxeter diagram
Symmetry	[3^−1,2,1]	[3^0,2,1]	[3^1,2,1]	[3^2,2,1]	[3^3,2,1]	[3^4,2,1]	[3^5,2,1]	[3^6,2,1]
Order	12	120	1,920	51,840	2,903,040	696,729,600	∞
Graph							-	-
Name	−1₂₁	0₂₁	1₂₁	2₂₁	3₂₁	4₂₁	5₂₁	6₂₁

1_k2 figures in n dimensions
Space	Finite						Euclidean	Hyperbolic
n	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10
Coxeter group	E₃=A₂A₁	E₄=A₄	E₅=D₅	E₆	E₇	E₈	E₉ = ${\tilde {E}}_{8}$ = E₈⁺	E₁₀ = ${\bar {T}}_{8}$ = E₈⁺⁺
Coxeter diagram
Symmetry (order)	[3^−1,2,1]	[3^0,2,1]	[3^1,2,1]	[[3^2,2,1]]	[3^3,2,1]	[3^4,2,1]	[3^5,2,1]	[3^6,2,1]
Order	12	120	1,920	103,680	2,903,040	696,729,600	∞
Graph							-	-
Name	1_−1,2	1₀₂	1₁₂	1₂₂	1₃₂	1₄₂	1₅₂	1₆₂

References

T. Gosset: On the Regular and Semi-Regular Figures in Space of n Dimensions, Messenger of Mathematics, Macmillan, 1900
H.S.M. Coxeter:
- Coxeter, Regular Polytopes, (3rd edition, 1973), Dover edition, ISBN 0-486-61480-8, p. 296, Table I (iii): Regular Polytopes, three regular polytopes in n-dimensions (n≥5)
- H.S.M. Coxeter, Regular Polytopes, 3rd Edition, Dover New York, 1973, p. 296, Table I (iii): Regular Polytopes, three regular polytopes in n-dimensions (n≥5)
- Kaleidoscopes: Selected Writings of H.S.M. Coxeter, edited by F. Arthur Sherk, Peter McMullen, Anthony C. Thompson, Asia Ivic Weiss, Wiley-Interscience Publication, 1995, ISBN 978-0-471-01003-6 [1]
  - (Paper 22) H.S.M. Coxeter, Regular and Semi Regular Polytopes I, [Math. Zeit. 46 (1940) 380-407, MR 2,10]
  - (Paper 23) H.S.M. Coxeter, Regular and Semi-Regular Polytopes II, [Math. Zeit. 188 (1985) 559-591]
  - (Paper 24) H.S.M. Coxeter, Regular and Semi-Regular Polytopes III, [Math. Zeit. 200 (1988) 3-45]
John H. Conway, Heidi Burgiel, Chaim Goodman-Strass, The Symmetries of Things 2008, ISBN 978-1-56881-220-5 (Chapter 26. pp. 409: Hemicubes: 1_n1)
Klitzing, Richard. "5D uniform polytopes (polytera) x3o3o *b3o3o - hin".

External links

Multi-dimensional Glossary

v t e Fundamental convex regular and uniform polytopes in dimensions 2–10
Family	A_n	B_n	I₂(p) / D_n	E₆ / E₇ / E₈ / F₄ / G₂	H_n
Regular polygon	Triangle	Square	p-gon	Hexagon	Pentagon
Uniform polyhedron	Tetrahedron	Octahedron • Cube	Demicube		Dodecahedron • Icosahedron
Uniform polychoron	Pentachoron	16-cell • Tesseract	Demitesseract	24-cell	120-cell • 600-cell
Uniform 5-polytope	5-simplex	5-orthoplex • 5-cube	5-demicube
Uniform 6-polytope	6-simplex	6-orthoplex • 6-cube	6-demicube	1₂₂ • 2₂₁
Uniform 7-polytope	7-simplex	7-orthoplex • 7-cube	7-demicube	1₃₂ • 2₃₁ • 3₂₁
Uniform 8-polytope	8-simplex	8-orthoplex • 8-cube	8-demicube	1₄₂ • 2₄₁ • 4₂₁
Uniform 9-polytope	9-simplex	9-orthoplex • 9-cube	9-demicube
Uniform 10-polytope	10-simplex	10-orthoplex • 10-cube	10-demicube
Uniform n-polytope	n-simplex	n-orthoplex • n-cube	n-demicube	1_k2 • 2_k1 • k₂₁	n-pentagonal polytope
Topics: Polytope families • Regular polytope • List of regular polytopes and compounds

Category:5-polytopes