User:Team12E102F/Nuclear Terrorism
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[edit]Lead
[edit]Prevention
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Unlike state-level use of nuclear weapons, retaliation is not likely to deter terrorist groups from the use of nuclear weapons, so the doctrine of mutually assured destruction does not apply.[2]
Denial of access to nuclear materials is thus the approach taken by interested nations. Techniques include import and export restrictions, physical security at nuclear facilities to prevent theft, and consolidation or elimination of stockpiles to reduce the security perimeter.[2] The United States subsidizes security for nuclear materials and dismantlement of nuclear weapons through the Cooperative Threat Reduction and Global Threat Reduction Initiative programs.
Different countries have their own proposals for how to secure nuclear materials. In China, during 2020 there was a proposal for security measures to be developed surrounding radioactive material transportation.[1] Other countries soon began to follow China's lead with the UK in 2021. A review was published surrounding the use of radiation detection systems with shipping container cargo, and how future systems should be designed as to implement improved detection technologies without negatively impacting the shipping industry.[3]
Efforts to secure nuclear materials are also made by threatening to punish any country that uses, sells, or gives away nuclear weapons or materials.[2] One example of this is when U.S. President George W. Bush threatened North Korea with consequences if they were to engage in such behavior.[4]
References
[edit]- ^ a b c Zeng, Tiejun; Yang, Xiaohua; Wan, Yaping; Mao, Yu; Liu, Zhenghai (2020-09-11). "Vehicle Transport Security System Based on the Self-Security Intelligence of Radioactive Material". Science and Technology of Nuclear Installations. 2020: 1–7. doi:10.1155/2020/3507167. ISSN 1687-6075.
{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: unflagged free DOI (link) - ^ a b c Litwak, Robert S. (2017-01-02). "Recalibrating Deterrence to Prevent Nuclear Terrorism". The Washington Quarterly. 40 (1): 55–70. doi:10.1080/0163660x.2017.1302739. ISSN 0163-660X. S2CID 157982040.
- ^ Connolly, Euan L.; Martin, Peter G. (2021-09). "Current and Prospective Radiation Detection Systems, Screening Infrastructure and Interpretive Algorithms for the Non-Intrusive Screening of Shipping Container Cargo: A Review". Journal of Nuclear Engineering. 2 (3): 246–280. doi:10.3390/jne2030023. ISSN 2673-4362.
{{cite journal}}: Check date values in:|date=(help)CS1 maint: unflagged free DOI (link) - ^ "North Korea's Nuclear Programme", How Nuclear Weapons Spread, Routledge, pp. 94–98, 2012-10-12, doi:10.4324/9780203168325-16, ISBN 9780203168325, retrieved 2022-05-01