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President of the SenateHenry Wilson The Forty-fourth United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, consisting of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives . It met in Washington, D.C. from March 4, 1875 to March 3, 1877, during the last two years of the second administration of U.S. President Ulysses S. Grant .
The apportionment of seats in this House of Representatives was based on the Ninth Census of the United States in 1870. The Senate had a Republican majority, and the House had a Democratic majority.
March 4, 1875 - March 3, 1877
Special Session of the Senate: March 5, 1875 –March 24, 1875
First session: December 6, 1875 - August 15, 1876
Second session: December 4, 1876 - March 3, 1877 Previous congress: 43rd Congress - general Next congress: 45th Congress - general
The count below identifies party affiliations at the beginning of the first session of this Congress, and includes members from vacancies and newly admitted states, when they were first seated. Changes resulting from subsequent replacements are shown below in the "Changes in membership" section.
Senate TOTAL members: 76
House of Representatives TOTAL members: 293
Senate House of Representatives Events of 1875, 1876 and 1877
List of United States federal legislation in the 44th Congress
Membership highlights by chamber [ edit ] This list is arranged by chamber, then by state. Senators are listed in order of seniority, and Representatives are listed by district.
Senators were elected by the state legislatures every two years, with one-third beginning new six year terms with each Congress. Preceding the names in the list below are Senate class numbers , which indicate the cycle of their election. In this Congress, Class 1 meant their term began in this Congress, requiring reelection in 1880; Class 2 meant their term ended in this Congress, requiring reelection in 1876; and Class 3 meant their term began in the last Congress, requiring reelection in 1878.
See also: Category:United States Senators See also: Category:United States congressional delegations by state
Alabama Arkansas California Colorado Connecticut Delaware Florida Georgia Illinois Indiana Iowa Kansas Kentucky
Louisiana Maine Maryland Massachusetts Michigan Minnesota Mississippi Missouri Nebraska Nevada New Hampshire New Jersey New York
North Carolina Ohio Oregon Pennsylvania Rhode Island South Carolina Tennessee Texas Vermont Virginia West Virginia Wisconsin
President pro tempore Thomas W. Ferry
House of Representatives [ edit ] The names of members of the House of Representatives elected statewide on the general ticket or otherwise at-large, are preceded by an "A/L," and the names of those elected from districts, whether plural or single member, are preceded by their district numbers.
Many of the congressional district numbers are linked to articles describing the district itself. Since the boundaries of the districts have changed often and substantially, the linked article may only describe the district as it exists today, and not as it was at the time of this Congress.
See also: Category:Members of the United States House of Representatives See also: Category:United States congressional delegations by state
Alabama Arkansas California Colorado Connecticut Delaware Florida Georgia Illinois Indiana Iowa Kansas Kentucky Louisiana
Maine Maryland Massachusetts Michigan Minnesota Mississippi Missouri Nebraska Nevada New Hampshire New Jersey New York
North Carolina Ohio Oregon Pennsylvania Rhode Island South Carolina Tennessee Texas Vermont Virginia West Virginia Wisconsin
Speaker of the HouseMichael C. Kerr Speaker of the HouseSamuel J. Randall Arizona Territory Colorado Territory Dakota Territory Idaho Territory Montana Territory New Mexico Territory Utah Territory Washington Territory Wyoming Territory
[ edit ] The list below is arranged by chamber, then by political party. Members are shown in alphabetical order.
Senators were elected by the state legislatures every two years, with one-third beginning new six year terms with each Congress.
A-F James E. Bailey , Tennessee William H. Barnum , Connecticut Thomas F. Bayard, Sr. , Delaware Lewis V. Bogy , Missouri Allen T. Caperton , West Virginia Francis M. Cockrell , Missouri Henry Cooper , Tennessee Henry G. Davis , West Virginia George R. Dennis , Maryland William W. Eaton , Connecticut James E. English , Connecticut James B. Eustis , Louisiana
G-O George Goldthwaite , Alabama John B. Gordon , Georgia Frank Hereford , West Virginia Andrew Johnson , Tennessee John W. Johnston , Virginia Charles W. Jones , Florida James K. Kelly , Oregon Francis Kernan , New York David M. Key , Tennessee Samuel B. Maxey , Texas Thomas C. McCreery , Kentucky Joseph E. McDonald , Indiana Augustus S. Merrimon , North Carolina Thomas M. Norwood , Georgia
P-Z
A-F James L. Alcorn , Mississippi William B. Allison , Iowa Henry B. Anthony , Rhode Island James G. Blaine , Maine George S. Boutwell , Massachusetts Blanche K. Bruce , Mississippi Ambrose E. Burnside , Rhode Island Angus Cameron , Wisconsin Simon Cameron , Pennsylvania Jerome B. Chaffee , Colorado Isaac P. Christiancy , Michigan Powell Clayton , Arkansas Roscoe Conkling , New York Simon B. Conover , Florida Aaron H. Cragin , New Hampshire Henry L. Dawes , Massachusetts Stephen W. Dorsey , Arkansas George F. Edmunds , Vermont Orris S. Ferry , Connecticut Thomas W. Ferry , Michigan Frederick T. Frelinghuysen , New Jersey
G-O Morgan C. Hamilton , Texas Hannibal Hamlin , Maine James M. Harvey , Kansas Phineas W. Hitchcock , Nebraska Timothy O. Howe , Wisconsin John J. Ingalls , Kansas John P. Jones , Nevada John A. Logan , Illinois Samuel J. R. McMillan , Minnesota John H. Mitchell , Oregon Justin S. Morrill , Vermont Lot M. Morrill , Maine Oliver H. P. T. Morton , Indiana Richard J. Oglesby , Illinois
P-Z Algernon S. Paddock , Nebraska John J. Patterson , South Carolina Thomas J. Robertson , South Carolina Aaron A. Sargent , California William Sharon , Nevada John Sherman , Ohio George E. Spencer , Alabama Henry M. Teller , Colorado Bainbridge Wadleigh , New Hampshire J. Rodman West , Louisiana William Windom , Minnesota George G. Wright , Iowa
House of Representatives [ edit ] Members of the House of Representatives were elected by popular vote, variously to single member districts or at-large.
A-B-C Josiah G. Abbott , Massachusetts Lucien L. Ainsworth , Iowa Augustus F. Allen New York Thomas S. Ashe , North Carolina John D. C. Atkins , Tennessee John C. Bagby , Illinois John H. Bagley, Jr. , New York Henry B. Banning , Ohio William H. Barnum , Connecticut George M. Beebe , New York Samuel N. Bell , New Hampshire Joseph C. S. Blackburn , Kentucky Richard P. Bland , Missouri Archibald M. Bliss , New York James H. Blount , Georgia Andrew R. Boone , Kentucky Taul Bradford , Alabama John M. Bright , Tennessee John Y. Brown , Kentucky Aylett H. Buckner , Missouri Samuel D. Burchard , Wisconsin George C. Cabell , Virginia John H. Caldwell , Alabama William P. Caldwell , Tennessee Milton A. Candler , Georgia Nathan T. Carr , Indiana George W. Cate , Wisconsin Bernard G. Caulfield , Illinois Chester W. Chapin , Massachusetts John B. Clark, Jr. , Missouri John B. Clarke , Kentucky Hiester Clymer , Pennsylvania Alexander G. Cochran , Pennsylvania Francis D. Collins , Pennsylvania Philip Cook , Georgia Jacob P. Cowan , Ohio Samuel S. Cox , New York David B. Culberson , Texas Augustus W. Cutler , New Jersey D-E-F Joseph J. Davis , North Carolina Rezin A. De Bolt , Missouri George G. Dibrell , Tennessee Beverly B. Douglas , Virginia George H. Durand , Michigan Milton J. Durham , Kentucky John R. Eden , Illinois Albert G. Egbert , Pennsylvania E. John Ellis , Louisiana Smith Ely, Jr. , New York Charles J. Faulkner , West Virginia David Dudley Field , New York Jesse J. Finley , Florida Samuel M. Fite , Tennessee William H. Forney , Alabama Benjamin J. Franklin , Missouri Benoni S. Fuller , Indiana
G-H-I Lucien C. Gause , Arkansas Randall L. Gibson , Louisiana John M. Glover , Missouri John Goode, Jr. , Virginia John R. Goodin , Kansas Thomas M. Gunter , Arkansas Andrew H. Hamilton , Indiana Robert Hamilton , New Jersey John Hancock , Texas Augustus A. Hardenbergh , New Jersey Henry R. Harris , Georgia John T. Harris , Virginia Carter H. Harrison , Illinois Julian Hartridge , Georgia William Hartzell , Illinois Robert A. Hatcher , Missouri William S. Haymond , Indiana Eli J. Henkle , Maryland Frank Hereford , West Virginia Abram S. Hewitt , New York Goldsmith W. Hewitt , Alabama Benjamin H. Hill , Georgia William S. Holman , Indiana Charles E. Hooker , Mississippi James H. Hopkins , Pennsylvania John F. House , Tennessee Andrew Humphreys , Indiana Eppa Hutton, II , Virginia Frank H. Hurd , Ohio J-K-L George A. Jenks , Pennsylvania Frank Jones , New Hampshire Thomas L. Jones , Kentucky Edward C. Kehr , Missouri Michael C. Kerr , Indiana J. Proctor Knott , Kentucky George A. La Dow , Oregon Lucius Q. C. Lamar , Mississippi Franklin Landers , Indiana George M. Landers , Connecticut Lafayette Lane , Oregon John V. Le Moyne , Illinois William M. Levy , Louisiana Burwell B. Lewis , Alabama Scott Lord , New York John K. Luttrell , California William P. Lynde , Wisconsin M-N-O Levi A. Mackey , Pennsylvania Levi Maish , Pennsylvania William McFarland , Tennessee John A. McMahon , Ohio Edwin R. Meade , New York Henry B. Metcalfe , New York Charles W. Milliken , Kentucky Roger Q. Mills , Texas Hernando D. Money , Mississippi Charles H. Morgan , Missouri William R. Morrison , Illinois William Mutchler , Pennsylvania Lawrence T. Neal , Ohio Jeptha D. New , Indiana William J. O'Brien , Maryland N. Holmes Odell , New York
P-Q-R Edward Y. Parsons , Kentucky Henry B. Payne , Ohio James Phelps , Connecticut John F. Philips , Missouri William A. Piper , California Earley F. Poppleton , Ohio Allen Potter , Michigan Joseph Powell , Pennsylvania Samuel J. Randall , Pennsylvania David Rea , Missouri John H. Reagan , Texas James B. Reilly , Pennsylvania John Reilly , Pennsylvania Americus V. Rice , Ohio Haywood Y. Riddle , Tennessee John Robbins, Jr. , Pennsylvania William M. Robbins , North Carolina Charles B. Roberts , Maryland Miles Ross , New Jersey S-T-U-V John S. Savage , Ohio Milton Sayler , Ohio Alfred M. Scales , North Carolina Gustave Schleicher , Texas John G. Schumaker , New York James Sheakley , Pennsylvania Otho R. Singleton , Mississippi William F. Slemons , Arkansas William E. Smith , Georgia Milton I. Southard , Ohio William A. J. Sparks , Illinois William B. Spencer , Louisiana William M. Springer , Illinois William H. Stanton , Pennsylvania William S. Stenger , Pennsylvania Alexander H. Stephens , Georgia Adlai E. Stevenson , Illinois William H. Stone , Missouri Thomas Swann , Maryland John K. Tarbox , Massachusetts Frederick H. Teese , New Jersey William Terry , Virginia Phillip F. Thomas , Maryland Charles Perkins Thompson , Massachusetts James W. Throckmorton , Texas John R. Tucker , Virginia Jacob Turney , Pennsylvania John L. Vance , Ohio Robert B. Vance , North Carolina W-X-Y-Z Alfred M. Waddell , North Carolina Charles C. B. Walker , New York Gilbert C. Walker , Virginia Ansel T. Walling , Ohio William Walsh , Maryland Elijah Ward , New York Levi Warner , Connecticut William W. Warren , Massachusetts Henry Watterson , Kentucky Erastus Wells , Missouri John O. Whitehouse , New York Washington C. Whitthorne , Tennessee Peter D. Wigginton , California Scott Wike , Illinois Alpheus S. Williams , Michigan James Williams , Delaware James D. Williams , Indiana Jeremiah N. Williams , Alabama Benjamin A. Willis , New York William W. Wilshire , Arkansas Benjamin Wilson , West Virginia Fernando Wood , New York Jesse J. Yeates , North Carolina H. Casey Young , Tennessee
A-B-C Charles H. Adams , New York George A. Bagley , New York John H. Baker , Indiana William H. Baker , New York Latimer W. Ballou , Rhode Island Lyman K. Bass , New York James B. Belford , Colorado James G. Blaine , Maine Henry W. Blair , New Hampshire Nathan B. Bradley , Michigan William R. Brown , Kansas James Buffinton , Massachusetts Horatio C. Burchard , Illinois John H. Burleigh , Maine Charles W. Buttz , South Carolina Joseph G. Cannon , Illinois Thomas J. Cason , Indiana Lucien B. Caswell , Wisconsin Omar D. Conger , Michigan William W. Crapo , Massachusetts Lorenzo Crounse , Nebraska D-E-F Lorenzo Danford , Ohio Chester B. Darrall , Louisiana John M. Davy , New York Samuel A. Dobbins , New Jersey Mark H. Dunnell , Minnesota Benjamin T. Eames , Rhode Island James L. Evans , Indiana Charles B. Farwell , Illinois Edwin Flye , Maine Greenbury L. Fort , Illinois Charles Foster , Ohio Chapman Freeman , Pennsylvania Rufus S. Frost , Massachusetts William P. Frye , Maine
G-H-I James A. Garfield , Ohio Eugene Hale , Maine Jeremiah Haralson , Alabama Benjamin W. Harris , Massachusetts Henry H. Hathorn , New York Charles Hays , Alabama George W. Hendee , Vermont Thomas J. Henderson , Illinois George F. Hoar , Massachusetts Solomon L. Hoge , South Carolina George G. Hoskins , New York Jay A. Hubbell , Michigan Morton C. Hunter , Indiana Stephen A. Hurlbut , Illinois John A. Hyman , North Carolina J-K-L Charles H. Joyce , Vermont John A. Kasson , Iowa William D. Kelley , Pennsylvania Winthrop W. Ketcham , Pennsylvania Alanson M. Kimball , Wisconsin William S. King , Minnesota Elbridge G. Lapham , New York William Lawrence , Ohio Elias W. Leavenworth , New York John R. Lynch 1939), Mississippi M-N-O Clinton D. MacDougall , New York Henry S. Magoon , Wisconsin George W. McCrary , Iowa James W. McDill , Iowa Samuel F. Miller , New York James Monroe , Ohio Frank Morey , Louisiana Charles E. Nash , Louisiana Nelson I. Norton , New York S. Addison Oliver , Iowa Charles O'Neill , Pennsylvania
P-Q-R John B. Packer , Pennsylvania Horace F. Page , California William A. Phillips , Kansas Henry L. Pierce , Massachusetts Harris M. Plaisted , Maine Thomas C. Platt , New York Henry O. Pratt , Iowa William J. Purman , Florida Joseph H. Rainey , South Carolina Milton S. Robinson , Indiana Sobieski Ross , Pennsylvania Jeremiah M. Rusk , Wisconsin S-T-U-V Ezekiel S. Sampson , Iowa Clement H. Sinnickson , New Jersey Robert Smalls , South Carolina A. Herr Smith , Pennsylvania Henry H. Starkweather , Connecticut William H. H. Stowell , Virginia Horace B. Strait , Minnesota Jacob M. Thornburgh , Tennessee Martin I. Townsend , New York Washington Townsend , Pennsylvania John Q. Tufts , Iowa Nelson H. Van Vorhes , Ohio W-X-Y-Z John T. Wait , Connecticut Henry Waldron , Michigan Alexander S. Wallace , South Carolina John W. Wallace , Pennsylvania Josiah T. Walls , Florida William A. Wheeler , New York John D. White , Kentucky Richard H. Whiting , Illinois George Willard , Michigan Andrew Williams , New York Charles G. Williams , Wisconsin William B. Williams , Michigan James Wilson , Iowa Alan Wood, Jr. , Pennsylvania William Woodburn , Nevada Laurin D. Woodworth , Ohio
Changes in membership [ edit ] The count below reflects changes from the beginning of the first session of this Congress.
Senate replacements: 4
deaths: 3
resignations: 1
vacancy: 1
interim appointments: 3
seats of newly admitted states: 2
Total seats with changes: 7
House of Representatives replacements: 14
deaths: 9
resignations: 6
contested election: 5
seats of newly admitted states: 1
Total seats with changes: 21
Senate Other
House of Representatives
Martis, Kenneth C. (1989). The Historical Atlas of Political Parties in the United States Congress . New York: Macmillan Publishing Company. Martis, Kenneth C. (1982). The Historical Atlas of United States Congressional Districts . New York: Macmillan Publishing Company.
