User:Raven in Orbit/Workshop

For now

Below is my personal link list of things related to the human pelvis.

/ Mats

Bones

• Sacrum
• Coccyx
• Hip bones
  • Ilium: Body, wing
    • Arcuate line
    • Posterior, anterior, and inferior gluteal lines
    • Iliac fossa, iliac crest, iliac tuberosity
    • Anterior superior, Anterior inferior, posterior superior, and posterior inferior iliac spines
  • Ischium
    • Body, superior ramus, inferior ramus
      • Ischial spine, lesser sciatic notch, tuberosity of the ischium
  • Pubic bone
    • Body superior ramus, Inferior pubic ramus
      • pubic tubercle, pubic crest, obturator crest, pectineal line

Major structures

• Acetabulum: Acetabular notch, acetabular fossa, acetabular margin (limbus acetabuli/margo acetabularis), lunate surface
• Iliopubic eminence
• Linea terminalis: pectineal line, arcuate line (Iliopectineal line), pubic crest
• ischiopubic ramus / pubic arch
• Obturator foramen – greater sciatic foramen / greater sciatic notch – lesser sciatic foramen
• Lesser pelvis (pelvic inlet, pelvic brim, pelvic outlet), greater pelvis

Articulations and ligaments

• Sacroiliac joint
  • Anterior sacroiliac ligament, posterior sacroiliac ligament, interosseous sacroiliac ligament
  • Sacrotuberous ligament, sacrospinous ligament
• Sacrococcygeal symphysis
  • Posterior sacrococcygeal ligament, anterior sacrococcygeal ligament (redirs? dorsal (deep, superficial), ventral), lateral sacrococcygeal ligament, intercornual ligament, interarticular ligament (of the head of the rib) (Interarticular ligaments), Sacrococcygeal disc
• Pubic symphysis
  • Superior pubic ligament, inferior pubic ligament
• Sacrolumbar articulation (joint)
  • Iliolumbar ligament
• Hip joint
  • Iliofemoral ligament, Ischiofemoral ligament, Pubofemoral ligament, Ligament of head of femur (redir? Intracapsular ligament of the head of the femur) [1]

Muscles

Abdominal

English Latin	Origin	Insertion	Action
External oblique m. obliquus externus abdominis	Ribs 5-12	Iliac crest, inguinal ligament, linea alba, and rectus sheath	Lateral flexion and rotation of the spine
Internal oblique m. obliquus internus abdominis	Thoracolumbar fascia, iliac crest, inguinal ligament	Ribs 10-12, rectus sheat, conjoint tendon (falx inguinalis]	Lowers the ribs.
Transverse abdominal m. transversus abdominis	Deep sheath of thoracolumbar fascia, internally on ribs 7-12, iliac crest, inguinal ligament	Rectus sheath, conjoint tendon	Compression of abdomen, expiration
Rectus abodminis m. rectus abdominis	Pubic crest, anterior side of pubic symphysis	Costal cartilages of ribs 5-7	Ventral flexion of spine, muscular defense, lowering of the thorax
Pyramidalis m. pyramidalis	Pubic crest	Linea alba	Lateral flexion, lowering of ribs
Quadratus lumborum m. quadratus lumborum	Iliac crest	Transverse processes L5-1, rib 12	As above.

"Lumbar"

English Latin	Origin	Insertion	Action
Iliopsoas m. ilipsoas
Iliacus m. iliacus	Iliac fossa	Lesser trochanter	Flexion and lateral rotation of hip joint, flexion of lumbar column
Psoas major m. psoas major	Intervertebral discs T12-L5 transverse processes L1-5	Lesser trochanter	As above.
Psoas minor m. psoas minor	Discs and bodies of T12-L1	Iliopubic eminence	As above.

"Sacral"

English Latin	Origin	Insertion	Action
Erector spinae m. erector spinae	Sacrum, Iliac crest, spinous processes of lumbar vertebrae		Extension and balance of spine
Iliocostalis m. iliocostalis	Pars lumborum: Iliac crest	Angle of ribs 5-12	Extension and lateral flexion of spine
Longissimus m. longissimus	Pars thoracis: Iliac crest, spinous processes S4-L1, transverse processes T12-7	Transverse processes of lumbar and thoracic vertebrae, ribs 12-2	As above.

Pelvic floor

English Latin	Origin	Insertion	Action
Superficial muscles
Ischiocavernosus m. ischiocavernosus	Superior ischial ramus Superior pubic ramus ischial tuberosity	Penis/clitoris	Erection of penis/clitoris
Bulbospongiosus m. bulbospongiosus	Central tendon of perineum	Fasciae of perineum, penis/clitoris	Compression of urethra, expulsion of semen or urine
Superficial transverse perineus	Ischial ramus	Central tendon of perineus	Fixation of central tendon of perineus, support of pelvic floor
Urogential diaphragm
Deep transverse perineal m. transversus perinei profundus	Ischial ramus	central tendon of perineum	fixation of central tendon of perineum, support of pelvic floor, expulsion of last drops of urine and semen in male
External sphincter muscle of urethra (female/male)	ischial ramus, pubic rami	male: medial raphe, female: vaginal wall	Compression of urethra for inhibition of urination
Anal triangle
External anal sphincter m. sphincter ani externus	anococcygeal raphe	Central tendon of perineum	Compression of anal canal to inhibit defecation
Pelvic diaphragm
Levator ani m. levator ani	hip bone from pubis to ischial spine	coccyx, anal canal, anococcygeal raphe	Support of viscera, resists pressure surges in abdominal cavity, elevation of anus, formation of vaginal and anorectal sphincters
Coccygeus m. coccygeus	Ischial spine	lower sacrum to upper coccyx	Pulls coccyx anteriorly following defecation and childbirth, supporting and elevating pelvic floor, resists abdominal pressure surges

From Saladin, Anatomy & Physiology: The Unity of Form and Function, p 354

See also: UAMS - Muscles of the Pelvis and Perineum - Listed Alphabetically

Gluteal

English Latin	Origin	Insertion	Action
Gluteus maximus m. gluteus maximus	posterior gluteal line, sacrotuberous and dorsal sacroiliac ligamentss, sacrum and coccyx	Distal fibers: Gluteal tuberosity, Proximal fibers: iliotibial tract	Extension, lateral rotation, abduction and adduction of hip joint, controls the position of the pelvis.
Gluteus medius m. gluteus medius	between the anterior and posterior gluteal lines	laterally on greater trochanter	Abduction, lateral and internal rotation of hip joint, controls the pelvic inclination
Gluteus minimus m. gluteus minimus	between the inferior and anterior gluteal lines	anterior part of greater trochanter	Abduction, internal rotation of hip joint.
Tensor fasciae latae m. tensor fasciae latae	Anterior superior iliac spine	iliotibial tract lateral condyle of tibia	External rotation of hip joint.

Small external rotators of the hip joint

English Latin	Origin	Insertion	Action
Piriformis m. piriformis	Anterior side of Sacrum	Upper edge of greater trochanter	External rotation
Obturator internus m. obturator internus	Medially on the inner surface of the Obturator membrane and neighbouring parts of the obturator foramen	Medially on the greater trochanter	External rotation
Obturator externus m. obturator externus	External surface of the obturator membrane and neighbouring parts of the pelvis.	Trochanteric fossa	External rotation
Gemelli muscles mm. Gemelli
Superior gemellus m. gemellus superior	Ischial spine	Upper edge of obturator internus tendon	External rotation
Inferior gemellus m. gemellus inferior	Ischial tuberosity	Lower edge of obturator internus tendon	External rotation
Quadratus femoris m. quadratus femoris	Lateral aspect of ischial tuberosity	Intertrochanteric crest	External rotation

Thigh

English Latin	Origin	Insertion	Action
Rectus femoris m. rectus femoris	Anterior inferior iliac spine	Anterior sheath of the patellar ligament	Flexion of hip, extension of knee.
Gracilis m. gracilis	Inferior pubic ramus	Pes anserinus	Adduction and flexion of hip.
Sartorius m. sartorius	Anterior superior iliac spine	Pes anserinus	Flexion, external rotation of hip, flexion and internal rotation of calf
Pectineus m. pectineus	Pectineal line of pubis	Pectineal line	Adduction and flexion of hip
Adductor longus m. adductor longus	Anterior aspect of pubic bone under the pubic spine	Medial ridge of linea aspera (femur)	Adduction and flexion of hip
Adductor brevis m- adductor brevis	Inferior pubic ramus	Medial ridge of linea aspera	As above.
Adductor magnus m. adductor magnus	inferior pubic ramus	Adductor part: Medial ridge of linea aspera, Extensor part: Adductor tubercle of femur	As above.
Biceps femoris m. biceps femoris	Long head: Ischial tuberosity Short head: [[lateral ridge of linea aspera,	Lateral intermuscular septum	Extension, adduction, and external rotation of hip, flexion and external rotation of calf.
Semitendinosus m. semitendinosus	Ischial tuberosity	Pes anserinus	Extension, internal rotation, and adduction of hip. Flexion, internal rotation of calf.
Semimembranosus m. semimembranosus	Ischial tuberosity	1. a groove on the medial aspect of the medial condyle of femur, 2. posterior on the articular capsule, 3. Oblique popliteal ligament	Extension and adduction of hip, flexion and internal rotation of calf.