User:M0RD00R/SB
Skimmington or Skimmington ride is a form of communal punishment for moral deviance, graphic ritual enactment of the disordered household[1] In England Skimmington is recorded from the seventeenth century onwards. The custom also saw its revival in mid-eighteen century British North American colonies [2] Typical causes of the public outrage were adultery, wife-beating, henpecking. Battered husbands also were targeted by the Skimmington riders.
Guilty husband or wife in person, or their effigies or impersonators were paraded through the streets on a cart or the back of a donkey accompanied by loud noise.
Origins of the word are unclear, but according to Michael Quinion, probably derives from a skimming ladle.
References
[edit]- ^ McKeon, Michael (2005). The Secret History of Domesticity. JHU Press. p. 243. ISBN ISBN 080188540X.
{{cite book}}: Check|isbn=value: invalid character (help) - ^ Pencak, William (2002). Riot and Revelry in Early America. Penn State Press. ISBN 027102219.
{{cite book}}: Check|isbn=value: length (help); Unknown parameter|coauthors=ignored (|author=suggested) (help)
Bibliography
[edit]M. J. George Skimmington Revisited Journal The Journal of Men's Studies Publisher Men's Studies Press ISSN 1060-8265 (Print) 1933-0251 (Online) Issue Volume 10, Number 2 / Winter 2002 DOI 10.3149/jms.1002.111 Pages 111-127
See also
[edit]External links
[edit]Skimmington at World Wide Words by Michael Quinion
cyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
Osh riots was a conflict between ethnic Kyrgyz and Uzbeks that took place in June 1990, in the region of the city of Osh, Kyrgyz SSR.
Contents
[hide]
* 1 Background * 2 Conflict * 3 References * 4 External links
[edit] Background
During the last decades of USSR history Kyrgyz while abandoning their traditional nomadic lifestyle settled into Uzbek dominated cities of Osh and Uzgen near Kyrgyz SSR-Uzbek SSR border. In 1989 ethnic Uzbeks living in Osh oblast of Kyrgyz SSR formed Uzbek-rights organization Adalat. Demands for local Uzbek autonomy or even separation from Kyrgyz SSR in favour of joining Uzbek SSR, and proposal for Uzbek language to be granted state language status in the region were raised[1]. Opposing ethnic association Osh aimagy (Ош аймагы English: Osh land) was formed by local Kyrgyz[1]. The biggest issue of contention between two sides were attempts to redistribute the land, which is in extremely short supply in that region.[1].
[edit] Conflict
Housing deficit, deteriorating economic situation (rising food prices, 22.8% rate of unemployment[2]) in combination with ethnic tensions turned into open conflict in June 1990. After failing over 500 appels to acquire land-holdings for housing needs of ethnic Kyrgyz, Osh-aimagy threatened to start seizing the land without legal approval. Responding to these demands Kyrgyz dominated Osh administration allocated plot for housing project, on the land under Uzbek collective farm control[3].
On June 4, 1990 Kyrgyz and Uzbeks gathered on disputed plot of land. Militsiya used the deadly force to disperse the crowds[4]. Local dispute over land control lead to widespread ethnic fighting. Uzbeks were attacked in Osh. Rioting also started in Uzgen and neighbouring rural localities[4].
On June 6, 1990 Soviet troops entered the region of conflict[4]. Troops were stationed in the cities of conflict area. Also the Uzbek-Kyrgyz border was sealed-off to prevent Uzbeks from neighbouring Uzbek SSR joining the riots.
According to the official figures, during the conflict 5000 criminal acts were committed, 300 people were killed, over a thousand were wounded, hundreds of houses were destroyed[5]. However these official statistics are considered to be underestimates[5]