User:Afddiary/1950sSandbox
Austin Nelson | |
|---|---|
| Born | October 1, 1918 New Orleans, Louisiana, U.S. |
| Died | March 1, 1948 (aged 29) Federal Jail, Juneau, Alaska, U.S. |
| Cause of death | Execution by hanging |
| Known for | Next-to-last person executed in Alaska's history |
| Criminal charge | First-degree murder Robbery |
Eugene LaMoore | |
|---|---|
| Born | February 22, 1904 Carbondale, Illinois, U.S. |
| Died | April 14, 1950 (aged 46) Federal Jail, Juneau, Alaska, U.S. |
| Cause of death | Execution by hanging |
| Known for | Last person executed in Alaska's history |
| Criminal charge | First-degree murder Robbery |
Austin Nelson (October 1, 1948 – March 1, 1948) and Eugene LaMoore (February 22, 1904 – April 14, 1950) were the last two men to be judicially executed in the Territory of Alaska. Nelson and LaMoore were both convicted in separate trials of the December 1946 murder of Jim Ellen, a grocery store owner from Alaska's capital of Juneau, committed during a robbery of Ellen's store; Nelson's trial took place in 1947, and LaMoore testified in defense of Nelson's alibi before his testimony led authorities to connect him to Ellen's murder as well, leading to his own trial and conviction in 1948. Both men were sentenced to death. While Nelson was the second-to-last person executed in Alaska's history, LaMoore's execution two years later designated him as the last person to be executed in Alaska's history, as the then-territory abolished the death penalty in 1957 and never reinstated capital punishment after statehood in 1959.
Decades after their convictions, several legal historians and journalists, including Averil Lerman, Ed Schoenfeld, and Betsy Longenbaugh, retrospectively analyzed the condemned men's cases. Lerman found their trials to have been "riddled with misconduct and errors"; Lerman specifically said prosecutorial misconduct played a role in both Nelson's trial and LaMoore's subsequent trial. Lerman also stated that the executions of Nelson and LaMoore were emblematic of a pattern of racial discrimination in the application of the death penalty in Alaska, as Lerman identified that racial minorities, impoverished defendants, and defendants lacking access to adequate legal representation received comparatively harsher punishments than white defendants and wealthier defendants; Nelson and LaMoore were both African-American men. Lerman and Logenbaugh also posited that the controversy surrounding Nelson's and LaMoore's executions contributed to souring public perception against the death penalty in Alaska, leading to the institution's abolition seven years after LaMoore's hanging.[1][2]
Background
[edit]The murder victim, Jim Ellen, was a native of Greece; during his childhood, in 1909, he immigrated to the United States. Ellen was 53 years old at the time of his murder and had previously been married; his wife preceded him in death. Ellen was a World War I veteran, a member of the American Legion, and a member of the Juneau-based chapter of the Elks Lodge.[3] Ellen moved to Juneau in approximately 1925. His store had been targeted in prior robbery attempts, including in 1937, 1938, and 1944, one of which involved Ellen fighting back against two armed robbers and successfully chasing them away from his store after a physical altercation.[3]
Austin Nelson was in his mid-20s and a laborer from Juneau, although he was initially born in New Orleans. Nelson was Catholic.[3]
Eugene LaMoore, also a resident of Juneau, was born in Carbondale, Illinois. At the time of his trial and execution, he was in his 40s and married to a woman from Tlingit Nation; the couple had three children.[3]
Robbery and murder
[edit]?
Austin Nelson's trial
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Eugene LaMoore's trial
[edit]Executions
[edit]Nelson's execution was under federal jurisdiction[4] because of Alaska's status as a territory.
Like Nelson's execution, LaMoore's execution was under federal jurisdiction[4] because of Alaska's status as a territory.
Aftermath and abolition
[edit]Journalist Betsy Logenbaugh expressed her belief in 2018 that both defendants in Ellen's murder case were executed "because authorities could not discern who actually killed Ellen," calling the executions "injustices" and, like Lerman, citing the controversy around their cases, as well as the disproportionate application of the death penalty in Alaska against defendants who were racial minorities, as contributing factors in the abolition of Alaska's death penalty in 1957.[2]
In 2018, Logenbaugh and Ed Schoenfeld, both of whom were Juneau-based journalists, organized a tour called "Capital City Killers" focusing on crime in Juneau. The tour designated the Juneau-Douglas City Museum as the tour's first stop because the museum was to serve as a stand-in for the location where Nelson and LaMoore were hanged.[2]
References
[edit]- ^ Krumrey, Yvonne (2024-05-14). "Alaska Hasn't Executed Anyone in Over 70 Years. The Stories of the Last Two Men Hanged in Juneau May Explain Why". KTOO. Archived from the original on 2024-11-07. Retrieved 2024-11-07.
- ^ a b c Hohenstatt, Ben (2018-10-30). "Capital City Killers Tour Details Grisly Events in Juneau's Past". Juneau Empire. Archived from the original on 2024-11-10. Retrieved 2024-11-10.
- ^ a b c d Lerman, Averil (April 1998). "Capital Punishment in Territorial Alaska: The Last Three Executions" (PDF). Alaska Humanities Forum. 9 (1): 6–9, 16–19. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2010-06-08 – via University of Alaska Anchorage Justice Center.
- ^ a b "BOP: Federal Executions". Federal Bureau of Prisons. Archived from the original on 2024-11-07. Retrieved 2024-11-07.