Topnaar people
The Topnaar people (ǂAonin) are a clan of the Nama people in Namibia. Their settlements are all situated on the Kuiseb River in the Erongo Region of central Namibia, the largest one is Utuseb.[1][2]
History
[edit]The Topnaars began settling in the area of Walvis Bay and along the Kuiseb River during the start of the 19th century.[3] They first occupied the area at the mouth of the Swakop River, today the city of Swakopmund, and moved south beyond Walvis Bay to the Kuiseb mouth between 1820 and 1830. A small faction moved upriver to Sandfontein but was attacked and driven away by warriors of the Red Nation. They receded to Rooibank (Scheppmannsdorf during Imperial Germany's colonial rule of South-West Africa).[4]
Missionary Heinrich Schmelen and Captain Amraal Lambert of the Kaiǀkhauan (Khauas Nama) visited the Topnaar around 1824 or 1825 while searching for a hospitable place at the coast to improve logistics for the support of the missionaries in the hinterland.[5]
Culture and living conditions
[edit]ǃNara melons which grow on the banks of the Kuiseb are the primary staple food of the Topnaars.[6] Apart from ǃNara products which are also sold to tourists, most Topnaar people depend on livestock farming and old-age grants.
Seth Kooitjie was the Chief of the Topnaar people until his death in February 2019. The traditional authority gains money from tourism concessions and fishing quotas in their tribal area but these monies have yet to bring about upliftment of the community which lives without access to sewerage and electricity.[7]
References
[edit]Notes
[edit]- ^ Malan 1998, p. 120–125.
- ^ de Klerk, Eveline (25 January 2013). "Rural community wants police station". New Era.
- ^ Sydow, W. (1973). "Contributions to the History and Protohistory of the Topnaar Strandloper Settlement at the Kuiseb River Mouth near Walvis Bay". The South African Archaeological Bulletin. 28 (111/112): 73–77. doi:10.2307/3888563. ISSN 0038-1969.
- ^ Moritz 1997, pp. 4–5.
- ^ Vedder 1997, pp. 197–199.
- ^ "Nara Plant, Acanthosicyos horrida, Namibia". Siyabona Africa, Kruger Park Safaris. Archived from the original on 9 June 2011. Retrieved 2011-06-23.
- ^ "Topnaar must use dividends to buy homes". New Era. 2 September 2014.
Literature
[edit]- Malan, Johan S (1998). Die Völker Namibias [The Tribes of Namibia] (in German). Windhoek, Göttingen: Klaus Hess.
- Moritz, Walter (1997). Verwehte Spuren in der Namibwüste - Alte Ansiedlungen am Kuiseb [Withered Traces in the Namib - Old Settlements on the river Kuiseb] (in German). Windhoek: Typoprint. ISBN 99916-750-0-0.
- Vedder, Heinrich (1997). Das alte Südwestafrika. Südwestafrikas Geschichte bis zum Tode Mahareros 1890 [South West Africa in early times: being the story of South West Africa up to the date of Maharero's death in 1890] (in German) (7th ed.). Windhoek: Namibia Scientific Society. ISBN 0-949995-33-9.
