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The Nobel Peace Prize for Article 9 of the Japanese Constitution

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The Nobel Peace Prize for Article 9 of the Japanese Constitution (憲法9条にノーベル平和賞を) is a social movement whose aim is to push for the Nobel Peace Prize to be awarded to the citizens of Japan for maintaining the country's post-war Constitution, especially Article 9.

History

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The movement began with an undertaking by a member of the group's Executive Committee.[1][2][3] The Executive Committee received endorsements from influential Japanese and gathered signatures from across the world. On April 9, 2014, they received a letter from the Norwegian Nobel Committee that the committee had received the recommendation.[4][5] On May 22, 2014, Hiroyuki Konishi, Yoshiko Kira and other Members of the Parliament (Diet) of Japan announced that they had submitted the recommendation via the Norwegian Embassy. The supportive 60 Diet lawmakers came from seven government parties, as well as opposition parties, indicating its cross-bench appeal.[6]

On February 21, 2015, the Kobe branch's Executive Committee announced that they had submitted a similar recommendation, selecting political groups concerned with protecting the Peace Constitution.[7]

2014–15

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PRIO listed the movement as one of the leading candidates for the Nobel Peace Prize in 2014.[8] However, the Research Institute misconstrued the Japanese nation (日本国民) as a corporate name. The Nobel committee spokesperson said that it was not possible for the citizens of an entire nation to be awarded the prize. Therefore, the application was rejected.[9]

Kristian Berg Harpviken, director of the Peace Research Institute Oslo was concerned that Shinzō Abe, Prime Minister of Japan, was trying to reinterpret Article 9 and that this could be a precursor of armed confrontation.[10] He nominated Kenzaburō Ōe, a former Nobel laureate in literature, and the Nihon Hidankyo (日本被団協), the Japan Confederation of A- and H-Bomb Sufferers Organizations for the Nobel Peace Prize list.[11][12]

Korea

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In response, on January 15, 2015, the group's Korean branch (일본 평화헌법9조 노벨평화상 추천 한국위원회) nominated the Article 9 Association (九条の会, Kyūjyō no kai) and Naomi Takasu (鷹巣直美) for the prize and dispatched testimonial letters and signatures of Korean citizens to the Norwegian Embassy in Seoul.[13][14] Peace Research Institute Oslo included Kyūjyō no kai as one of the leading candidates (fourth place) for 2015 prize.[15]

In South Korea, many people engaged in supportive activities and collected signatures.[16][17] A total of 142 lawmakers, former Presidents and intellectuals supported the movement.[18] In Korea itself, there is fierce competition for the Nobel Prize,[19] indeed it is rare for Koreans to support the candidacy of foreigners, especially Japanese, for the Nobel Peace Prize.[20] Yi Buyoung (이부영 李富榮), who is promoting the signature campaign in Korea and also a past chairman of Yeolin Uri Party (열린우리당), said that this movement was triggered by the example of Japanese opposition party legislators going against the ruling party of Japan, e.g., Ichirō Ozawa, the leader of People's Life Party, Yamamoto Tarō (生活の党と山本太郎となかまたち, Seikatsu no Tō to Yamamoto Tarō) of Japan, and former Japanese Prime Minister Tomiichi Murayama's (村山富一) attempt to get South Koreans to participate in signature-collecting drives in September 2014.[21] On December 9, 2014, Gangwon Province (강원도, 江原道), a local government of South Korea, decided to award the "Korean DMZ Peace Prize" to the group.[22][23]

Criticism

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Conservatives, including Miki Otaka (大高未貴), a Japanese journalist, claimed that a hidden motive behind the movement is to prevent amendments to the Japanese Constitution by anti-Japanese foreign powers as well as domestic anti-government forces.[24]

According to a survey of 188 constitutions across the world made by Osamu Nishi (西修), an emeritus professor at Komazawa University, 158 (84%) of these constitutions also contain a peace clause (平和条項). For this reason, according to him, the statement that the Japanese Constitution is the world's only pacifist constitution is incorrect. He also claims that articles that renounce war as a sovereign right of the nation as means of settling international disputes are explicitly stated in the constitutions of Italy and Azerbaijan.[25][26]

See also

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References

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  1. ^ 「憲法9条にノーベル平和賞を　署名100万人を目指して「祈りの力」を結集」『Christian Today』2014.07.08 (in Japanese)
  2. ^ Article 9 supporters again recommended for Nobel Peace Prize ASAHI February 1, 2014]
  3. ^ How Japan's Article 9 was nominated for the Nobel Peace Prize. The Japan Times October 7, 2014
  4. ^ 「「憲法9条をノーベル平和賞に」推薦受理　実行委に連絡」『朝日新聞』2014.04.11 (in Japanese)
  5. ^ Japan's Article 9: will it be revised or get the Nobel Peace Prize? By Linus Hagström, Swedish Institute of International Affairs June 18, 2014
  6. ^ 「憲法9条にノーベル平和賞を」『時事ドットコム』 May 5, 2014. (in Japanese)
  7. ^ 「憲法９条に平和賞を ノーベル委へ推薦状提出 神戸の団体」『神戸新聞』 February 21, 2015 (in Japanese)
  8. ^ 「ノーベル平和賞予測、「憲法９条保持する日本国民浮上」. 『朝日新聞』 (2014年10月4日) (in Japanese)
  9. ^ 「"勘違いだった？「日本国民」にノーベル平和賞"」 『読売新聞』 (2014.12.16) (in Japanese)
  10. ^ Japan's Pacifist Constitution The New York Times May 8, 2014
  11. ^ 「９条の平和賞、今年は４番手　ノーベル賞予想」『中日新聞』(2015.02.03) (in Japanese)
  12. ^ Nobel Peace Prize 2015: PRIO Director's Speculations. PRIO
  13. ^ 「『日本の平和憲法９条ノーベル賞推薦委』ノルウェー大使館に署名渡す」『中央日報』(2015.1.15) (in Japanese)
  14. ^ (Essay), the Peace Constitution Article 9 reasons to recommend the Nobel Peace Prize. JoongAng Ilbo 29.12.2014
  15. ^ Nobel Peace Prize watcher bets on Japan's war-renouncing Constitution. Kyodo News International October 4, 2014
  16. ^ 「憲法9条にノーベル平和賞を　韓国でも署名運動開始」『朝日新聞』2014.12.18 (in Japanese)
  17. ^ 日 헌법 9조에 평화상을" 한국에서도 서명운동 아사히 신문 December 19, 2014(in Korean)
  18. ^ Lawmakers also backed the idea of having Japan's Article 9 Committee named as the Nobel Peace Prize nominee. The Korea Times January 22, 2015
  19. ^ 山本峯章2014『韓国人は、なぜノーベル賞を獲れないのか?―和の日本 恨の韓国』(ベストブック) (in Japanese)
  20. ^ 「9条にノーベル賞を」署名活動の韓国人識者　暗殺者安重根の思想を受け継ぐ、とサイトで言明」『JCAST』2014.12.19 (in Japanese)
  21. ^ 韓国の各界５０人「日本の平和憲法、ノーベル平和賞候補に推薦」『中央日報』2014.12.19 (in Japanese)
  22. ^ 「「９条にノーベル賞」活動が　韓国の平和賞受賞へ」『東京新聞』2014-12-6 ３１面 (in Japanese)
  23. ^ Article 9 and Global Peace Transcending nationalism The 4th Global Inter-religious Conference on Article 9 of the Japanese Peace Constitution
  24. ^ 大高未貴【魔都見聞録】左翼のダブスタ、韓国の言論弾圧と憲法九条のノーベル賞工作（チャンネル桜H26/10/13）
  25. ^ 「ノーベル平和賞　「９条」推薦は"護憲派"の企み」『産経新聞』2014.10.27 (in Japanese)
  26. ^ 西修2002「日本国憲法は世界で唯一の平和主義憲法ではない--平和主義条項の国際比較」『祖国と青年』 284:31-8 (in Japanese)

Further reading

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  • 鷹巣直美「新 わたしと憲法シリーズ 鷹巣直美 「憲法9条」にノーベル平和賞を 署名を送り続ける2児のママ」『金曜日』22(3):53, 2014-01-24 (in Japanese)
  • 「憲法9条にノーベル平和賞を」実行委員会 2014 「憲法九条を世界にアピールし、戦争の抑止力に」 『ヒューマンライツ』 317:18-21 (in Japanese)
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