From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
TBPO[ 1]
Names
Preferred IUPAC name
4-tert -Butyl-2,6,7-trioxa-1λ5 -phosphabicyclo[2.2.2]octan-1-one
Other names
t-Butyl-bicyclophosphate
Identifiers
ChemSpider
InChI=1S/C8H15O4P/c1-7(2,3)8-4-10-13(9,11-5-8)12-6-8/h4-6H2,1-3H3
Key: CNBZOKKOTFTYLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N
CC(C)(C)C12COP(=O)(OC1)OC2
Properties
C 8 H 15 O 4 P
Molar mass
−1
Hazards
Occupational safety and health
Main hazards
Extremely toxic
Lethal dose or concentration (LD, LC):
36 μg/kg (mice)
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their
standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
Chemical compound
TBPO is an extremely toxic bicyclic phosphate convulsant and GABA receptor antagonist . It is the most toxic bicyclic phosphate known, with an LD50 of 36 μg/kg in mice.[ 2]
Some sources claim that TBPO is as toxic as VX .[ 3]
The synthesis is equivalent to the synthesis of IPTBO while the triol is produced by the condensation between 3,3-dimethylbutyraldehyde and formaldehyde analogous to the synthesis of trimethylolpropane .
^ Zhao, C.; Hwang, S. H.; Buchholz, B. A.; Carpenter, T. S.; Lightstone, F. C.; Yang, J.; Hammock, B. D.; Casida, J. E. (27 May 2014). "GABAA receptor target of tetramethylenedisulfotetramine" . Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences . 111 (23): 8607– 8612. Bibcode :2014PNAS..111.8607Z . doi :10.1073/pnas.1407379111 PMC 4060666 PMID 24912155 . ^ Milbrath, Dean S.; Engel, Judith L.; Verkade, John G.; Casida, John E. (February 1979). "Structure-toxicity relationships of 1-substituted-4-alkyl-2,6,7-trioxabicyclo[2.2.2.]octanes". Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology . 47 (2): 287– 293. Bibcode :1979ToxAP..47..287M . doi :10.1016/0041-008x(79)90323-5 . PMID 452023 . ^ Gupta RC (2015). Handbook of toxicology of chemical warfare agents (2nd ed.). Amsterdam: Elsevier/Academic Press. pp. 228– 229. ISBN 9780128004944 OCLC 433545336 .
Ionotropic
GABAA Tooltip γ-Aminobutyric acid A receptor
Positive modulators (abridged; see here for a full list): α-EMTBL Alcohols (e.g., drinking alcohol , 2M2B )Anabolic steroids Avermectins (e.g., ivermectin )Barbiturates (e.g., phenobarbital )Benzodiazepines (e.g., diazepam )Bromide compounds (e.g., potassium bromide )Carbamates (e.g., meprobamate )Carbamazepine Chloralose Chlormezanone Clomethiazole Dihydroergolines (e.g., ergoloid (dihydroergotoxine) )Etazepine Etifoxine Fenamates (e.g., mefenamic acid )Flavonoids (e.g., apigenin , hispidulin )Fluoxetine Flupirtine Imidazoles (e.g., etomidate )Kava constituents (e.g., kavain )Lanthanum Loreclezole Monastrol Neuroactive steroids (e.g., allopregnanolone , cholesterol , THDOC )Niacin Niacinamide Nonbenzodiazepines (e.g., β-carbolines (e.g., abecarnil ), cyclopyrrolones (e.g., zopiclone ), imidazopyridines (e.g., zolpidem ), pyrazolopyrimidines (e.g., zaleplon ))Norfluoxetine Petrichloral Phenols (e.g., propofol )Phenytoin Piperidinediones (e.g., glutethimide )Propanidid Pyrazolopyridines (e.g., etazolate )Quinazolinones (e.g., methaqualone )Retigabine (ezogabine) ROD-188 Skullcap constituents (e.g., baicalin )Stiripentol Sulfonylalkanes (e.g., sulfonmethane (sulfonal) )Topiramate Valerian constituents (e.g., valerenic acid )Volatiles /gases (e.g., chloral hydrate , chloroform , diethyl ether , paraldehyde , sevoflurane )Negative modulators: 1,3M1B 3M2B 11-Ketoprogesterone 17-Phenylandrostenol α3IA α5IA (LS-193,268) β-CCB β-CCE β-CCM β-CCP β-EMGBL Anabolic steroids Amiloride Anisatin β-Lactams (e.g., penicillins , cephalosporins , carbapenems )Basmisanil Bemegride Bicyclic phosphates (TBPS , TBPO , IPTBO )BIDN Bilobalide Bupropion CHEB Chlorophenylsilatrane Cicutoxin Cloflubicyne Cyclothiazide DHEA DHEA-S Dieldrin (+)-DMBB DMCM DMPC EBOB Etbicyphat FG-7142 (ZK-31906) Fiproles (e.g., fipronil )Flavonoids (e.g., amentoflavone , oroxylin A )Flumazenil Fluoroquinolones (e.g., ciprofloxacin )Flurothyl Furosemide Golexanolone Iomazenil (123 I) IPTBO Isopregnanolone (sepranolone) L-655,708 Laudanosine Lindane MaxiPost Morphine Morphine-3-glucuronide MRK-016 Naloxone Naltrexone Nicardipine Nonsteroidal antiandrogens (e.g., apalutamide , bicalutamide , enzalutamide , flutamide , nilutamide )Oenanthotoxin Pentylenetetrazol (pentetrazol) Phenylsilatrane Picrotoxin (i.e., picrotin , picrotoxinin and dihydropicrotoxinin )Pregnenolone sulfate Propybicyphat PWZ-029 Radequinil Ro 15-4513 Ro 19-4603 RO4882224 RO4938581 Sarmazenil SCS Suritozole TB-21007 TBOB TBPS TCS-1105 Terbequinil TETS Thujone U-93631 Zinc ZK-93426 GABAA -ρ Tooltip γ-Aminobutyric acid A-rho receptor
Metabotropic
GABAB Tooltip γ-Aminobutyric acid B receptor
