Strophanthus hispidus
| Strophanthus hispidus | |
|---|---|
| |
| Strophanthus hispidus [1] | |
Scientific classification 
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| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Clade: | Angiosperms |
| Clade: | Eudicots |
| Clade: | Asterids |
| Order: | Gentianales |
| Family: | Apocynaceae |
| Genus: | Strophanthus |
| Species: | S. hispidus
|
| Binomial name | |
| Strophanthus hispidus | |
| Synonyms[3] | |
| |
Strophanthus hispidus, the hispid strophanthus, (family: Apocynaceae)[4] is a liana or shrub that can grow up to 5 metres (16 ft) tall. Its flowers feature a yellow corolla and yellow corona lobes spotted with red, purple or brown.[5] The seeds, like those of several other Strophanthus species, contain potent cardiac glycosides (notably strophanthin) absorbable through wounds - hence its use in African arrow poisons and later in modern medicine as a digitalis-like heart stimulant.[6] Strophanthus hispidus is native from west tropical Africa east to Tanzania and south to Angola. It is naturalized in China.[3]
History of discovery
[edit]The plant was observed for the first time in Senegambia by a certain monsieur Houdelot, then in Sierra Leone between 1771 and 1775 by Henry Smeathman, likewise in Nigeria (in use among the Nupe) by William Balfour Baikie, in Gabon by Marie-Théophile Griffon du Bellay and in West Tropical Africa by Gustav Mann.[7]
References
[edit]
- ^ Illustration from Köhler's Medizinal-Pflanzen by the publisher Franz Eugen Köhler, Gera 1887.
- ^ Botanic Gardens Conservation International (BGCI).; IUCN SSC Global Tree Specialist Group (2019). "Strophanthus hispidus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2019: e.T144291076A149026064. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-2.RLTS.T144291076A149026064.en. Retrieved 20 November 2021.
- ^ a b c "Strophanthus hispidus". World Checklist of Selected Plant Families (WCSP). Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Retrieved 22 June 2017.
- ^ NRCS. "Strophanthus hispidus". PLANTS Database. United States Department of Agriculture (USDA). Retrieved 4 December 2015.
- ^ "Strophanthus hispidus". eFloras. Retrieved 12 July 2013.
- ^ "Definition of inee". Webster's International Dictionary. 1913. Archived from the original on 16 February 2012. Retrieved 12 July 2013.
- ^ Séance du 27 janvier 1877 – Communication de M. Hardy - Bulletin de la Société philomatique de Paris – Seventh series, volume I – 1876-1877, page 34.
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