Hardoi
Hardoi | |
|---|---|
City | |
  Hardoi Location in Uttar Pradesh, India  Hardoi Hardoi (India) | |
| Coordinates: 27°25′N 80°07′E / 27.42°N 80.12°E | |
| Country |  India |
| State | Uttar Pradesh |
| Division | Lucknow |
| District | Hardoi |
| Government | |
| • Type | Municipal Council |
| • Body | Hardoi Municipal Council |
| • Municipal Chairperson | Sukhsagar Mishra (BJP)[1][2] |
| • Lok Sabha MP | Jai Prakash (BJP) |
| • MLA | Nitin Agrawal (BJP) |
| Elevation | 140 m (460 ft) |
| Population (2011)[3] | |
• Total | 126,851 |
| Language | |
| • Official | Hindi[4] |
| • Additional official | Urdu[4] |
| Time zone | UTC+5:30 (IST) |
| PIN | 241001 |
| Vehicle registration | UP-30 |
| Sex ratio | 868 ♀/1000 ♂ |
| Languages | Hindi, Urdu, Awadhi |
| Website | www |
Hardoi is a city and municipal board in Hardoi district in the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh. It is the administrative headquarters of Hardoi district.[5] It is also known as Prahalad Nagari. Hardoi is about 110 km from the state capital Lucknow and about 385 km from New Delhi. Hardoi is a temple town.
History
[edit] | This article may require cleanup to meet Wikipedia's quality standards. The specific problem is: Section uses British Raji Era sources that are considered unreliable in Wikipedia. (April 2022) |
The early history of Hardoi is obscure.[6] The name suggests a Bhar, a Dalit caste of pasi origin, but tradition either attributes it to a Thathera ruler named Raja Harnakas or to a religious devotee named Hardeo Babar who supposedly lived here around 1000 CE.[6] In any case, the site was inhabited from an early date; below the old town is an ancient khera that covers 16 acres.[6] Around 1300, a group of Chamar Gaurs led by Nir Singh are said to have conquered the place from the Thatheras, destroyed their fortress, and re-founded the city.[6]
At the turn of the 20th century, Hardoi consisted of two distinct parts: "old" Hardoi, occupying the original site of the village, and "new" Hardoi, which was developed after the establishment of the British civil station in the late 1850s.[6] "New" Hardoi had wide streets, well-shaded by trees, and consisted mostly of the homes of civil officials and members of the local bar, as well as shops.[6] Victoria Hall, built in 1888, contained the municipal and district offices as well as a public library (with books in English, Urdu, Hindi, Persian, Arabic, and Sanskrit) and a clock tower.[6] The city also had a courthouse, police station, dispensary, orphanage, several schools, post and telegraph offices, and jail.[6] Hardoi was not at the time a major commercial centre; the main trade involved gathering grain from the rural parts of the district and then exporting it by rail.[6] There was a grain market at Railwayganj, by the train station, while the main market was at Hardeoganj, which held bazaars on Sundays and Wednesdays.[6] The Gibsonganj quarter, near Railwayganj, had a colony of carpenters who did "extensive business in plough handles, cart wheels, and other portions of country carts."[6]
Geography
[edit]Hardoi is located at 27°25′N 80°07′E / 27.42°N 80.12°E.[7] It has an average elevation of 134 metres (440 ft). Hardoi is located 110 km from Lucknow (capital of Uttar Pradesh) and 394 from New Delhi (capital of India). The Ganges and several of its tributaries are crossing the south of Hardoi district. Its area is 5947 square kilometres. The record height is 500 ft. In 1995, Hardoi district had 5 square kilometres of dense forest and 13 square kilometres of open forest. The length of this district from northwest to southeast is 125.529 km and width from east to west are 74.83 km. District Hardoi comprises five tehsils (Hardoi, Shahabad, Bilgram, Sandila, and Sawayajpur), 19 blocks, 191 Nyay Panchayat, 1101 Gram Sabha, and 1901 inhabited revenue villages. Sandi Bird Sanctuary created in 1990, previously, "Dahar Jheel", is an important ecotourism bird habitat. Gomati river flows mainly in Hardoi.
It also has 7 Nagar Palika Parishads and 6 Nagar Panchayats. Geographical area is 5947 km2. As per census 2011 population of the district is 4091380, out of which Female are 1887116 and Male are 2204264.[8]
Climate
[edit]| Climate data for Hardoi (1991–2020, extremes 1950–2020) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 28.9 (84.0) |
34.0 (93.2) |
40.6 (105.1) |
44.4 (111.9) |
47.0 (116.6) |
48.3 (118.9) |
42.5 (108.5) |
39.6 (103.3) |
39.5 (103.1) |
38.2 (100.8) |
34.5 (94.1) |
31.8 (89.2) |
48.3 (118.9) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 19.6 (67.3) |
24.4 (75.9) |
30.3 (86.5) |
36.9 (98.4) |
39.0 (102.2) |
37.8 (100.0) |
33.5 (92.3) |
32.7 (90.9) |
32.5 (90.5) |
32.2 (90.0) |
28.3 (82.9) |
22.3 (72.1) |
30.8 (87.4) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 9.0 (48.2) |
12.2 (54.0) |
16.5 (61.7) |
22.2 (72.0) |
26.0 (78.8) |
27.6 (81.7) |
26.8 (80.2) |
26.4 (79.5) |
25.0 (77.0) |
20.7 (69.3) |
15.0 (59.0) |
10.4 (50.7) |
19.9 (67.8) |
| Record low °C (°F) | 0.7 (33.3) |
2.2 (36.0) |
4.2 (39.6) |
12.0 (53.6) |
14.5 (58.1) |
18.5 (65.3) |
19.5 (67.1) |
16.0 (60.8) |
18.0 (64.4) |
11.1 (52.0) |
6.1 (43.0) |
1.7 (35.1) |
0.7 (33.3) |
| Average rainfall mm (inches) | 17.2 (0.68) |
18.4 (0.72) |
11.6 (0.46) |
11.8 (0.46) |
22.3 (0.88) |
92.3 (3.63) |
254.2 (10.01) |
223.5 (8.80) |
163.2 (6.43) |
23.1 (0.91) |
3.1 (0.12) |
7.5 (0.30) |
848.2 (33.39) |
| Average rainy days | 1.4 | 1.5 | 1.1 | 0.9 | 2.0 | 4.6 | 10.4 | 10.6 | 6.7 | 1.1 | 0.4 | 0.6 | 41.2 |
| Average relative humidity (%) (at 17:30 IST) | 67 | 56 | 42 | 30 | 34 | 48 | 72 | 75 | 72 | 60 | 59 | 66 | 57 |
| Source: India Meteorological Department[9][10][11] | |||||||||||||
Demographics
[edit]As of 2011 Indian Census, Hardoi had a total population of 126,851, of which 66,352 were males and 60,499 were females. Population within the age group of 0 to 6 years was 14,048. Hardoi had an average literary rate of 76%, of which male literacy was 79.5% and female literacy was 72.1%. The Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes population was 12,277 and 4 respectively. Hardoi had 21949 households in 2011.[3]
Economy
[edit]As of 1971, the economy of Hardoi was described as a hybrid between the service, commercial, and industrial sectors.[13] The main items imported were kerosene oil, cane sugar, and cloth.[13] The main items manufactured were sugar, groundnut oil, and lime.[13] The biggest exports were sugar, groundnut oil, and arhar.[13]
Education
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ "2023 UP Municipal Election results". ECI Uttar Pradesh. Retrieved 22 May 2023.
- ^ "BJP's Sukhsagar Mishra wins Hardoi". Navbharat Times. Retrieved 23 May 2023.
- ^ a b "Census of India: Hardoi". www.censusindia.gov.in. Retrieved 9 October 2019.
- ^ a b "52nd Report of the Commissioner for Linguistic Minorities in India" (PDF). nclm.nic.in. Ministry of Minority Affairs. Archived from the original (PDF) on 25 May 2017. Retrieved 24 June 2019.
- ^ "Welcome to Official Website of District Court Hardoi". Archived from the original on 3 July 2018. Retrieved 9 October 2019.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k Nevill, H.R. (1904). Hardoi - A Gazetteer. Allahabad: Government Press. pp. 199–203. Retrieved 22 June 2021.
- ^ "Falling Rain Genomics, Inc — Hardoi". Fallingrain.com. Retrieved 10 November 2011.
- ^ "Official Website of District Hardoi - Uttar Pradesh".
- ^ "Climatological Tables of Observatories in India 1991-2020" (PDF). India Meteorological Department. Retrieved 8 April 2024.
- ^ "Station: Hardoi Climatological Table 1981–2010" (PDF). Climatological Normals 1981–2010. India Meteorological Department. January 2015. pp. 315–316. Archived from the original (PDF) on 5 February 2020. Retrieved 22 September 2020.
- ^ "Extremes of Temperature & Rainfall for Indian Stations (Up to 2012)" (PDF). India Meteorological Department. December 2016. p. M216. Archived from the original (PDF) on 5 February 2020. Retrieved 22 September 2020.
- ^ "Table C-01 Population by Religion: Uttar Pradesh". censusindia.gov.in. Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India. 2011.
- ^ a b c d Census 1971 Uttar Pradesh: District Census Handbook Part X-A: Village & Town Directory, District Hardoi (PDF). 1972. pp. viii–xi, 8–9. Retrieved 14 June 2021.
- ^ "सेंट जेम्स स्कूल की बीस बसों का चालान". Amar Ujala (in Hindi). 27 April 2017. Retrieved 28 June 2023.
External links
[edit]
Media related to Hardoi at Wikimedia Commons
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