Srivijaya invasion of Kedah
| Srivijaya Invasion of Kedah | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Part of Srivijayan expansion | |||||||||
 Territorial evolution of Srivijaya, from c. 7th to 11th century. | |||||||||
| |||||||||
| Belligerents | |||||||||
| Srivijaya |
| ||||||||
| Commanders and leaders | |||||||||
| Dapunta Hyang Sri Jayanasa | unknown | ||||||||
| Strength | |||||||||
|
Thousands of soldiers. Large fleet of warships. Maritime logistical support. |
Hundreds of local militias. Small naval defenses. | ||||||||
| Casualties and losses | |||||||||
| Minimal losses | Heavy losses; significant subjugation of the population | ||||||||
The Srivijaya invasion of Kedah, also known as the Srivijaya conquest of Malay Peninsula, was a military invasion and campaign launched by Srivijaya. The invasion resulted in Decisive Srivijaya victory and annexation of Kingdom of Kedah.
Background
[edit]When Srivijaya was founded around c. 650 CE, The center of this kingdom was in Palembang. In the c. 7th century, Palembang was not a strategic location for trade. Although, Srivijaya served as a center of Buddhist religion, it did not develop its economy and trade as effectively as Kedah and Melayu. This prompted Srivijaya to plan an invasion of Kedah and its allies to gain control of strategic economic and trade locations.[1]
Conquest
[edit]In c. 682 CE, the Srivijayan fleet, led by Dapunta Hyang, launched a massive raid and invasion of Kedah. The attack was devastating, destroying Kedah's navy and its supporting fleets. Following the naval assault, Srivijaya forces advanced to invade Malay Peninsula. They launched attacks on various local settlements, plundered resources, and eventually sacked the capital of Kedah. As a result of this invasion, Kedah was annexed under Srivijaya's rule.[2][3][4]
Aftermath
[edit]After the conquest, Srivijaya gained control of strategic locations and ports essential for trade. This conquest marked the beginning of Srivijayan golden age and expansion in Nusantara, including the rise of the Shailendra dynasty.[5]
References
[edit]- ^ Widya, Lestari (2021-04-09). "Wilayah Kekuasaan Kerajaan Sriwijaya". kompas.com (in Indonesian). Retrieved 2025-01-03.
- ^ "Kerajaan Sriwijaya (Abad: 7 Sampai 14 Masehi)". abhiseva.id (in Indonesian). 2023-09-20. Retrieved 2025-01-03.
- ^ Nabil, Adiani (2022-10-11). "6 Daerah Kekuasaan Sriwijaya". adjar.id (in Indonesian). Retrieved 2025-01-03.
- ^ MUALLIF (2023-08-10). "Kerajaan Sriwijaya:Sejarah,Letak,Raja-raja,Masa Kejayaanya,Hingga Peninggalannya" (in Indonesian). Retrieved 2025-01-02.
- ^ Lawrence 1950, p. 30.
Further Reading
[edit]- Irfan, N.K.S (2015). Kerajaan Sriwijaya:Pusat Pemerintahan dan Perkembangannya (in Indonesian). Kiblat Buku Utama.
- Lawrence, Palmer (May 1950). Khmer Empire and Malayan Peninsula. Cambridge University Press.
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