Singapore Mediation Convention
United Nations Convention on International Settlement Agreements Resulting from Mediation | |
---|---|
Signed | 7 August 2019 | (first signatories)
Location | Singapore |
Sealed | 20 December 2018 (adopted by the UN) |
Effective | 12 September 2020 |
Condition | 6 months after the deposit of the third instrument of ratification, acceptance, approval or accession |
Signatories | 57 |
Parties | 11 |
Depositary | Secretary-General of the United Nations |
Languages | Arabic, Chinese, English, French, Russian, and Spanish |
The Singapore Convention on Mediation, formally the United Nations Convention on International Settlement Agreements Resulting from Mediation is an international agreement which provides a uniform and efficient framework for the recognition and enforcement of mediated settlement agreements that resolve international, commercial disputes - akin to the framework that the 1958 New York Convention provides for arbitral awards.[1] It was adopted on 20 December 2018 by the UN General Assembly and opened for signature on 7 August 2019.[2] The Convention entered into force on 12 September 2020, that is, six months after the deposit of the third ratification instrument by Qatar, the first two being Singapore and Fiji.
Background
[edit]The impetus for the Singapore Convention on Mediation arose at the February 2014 public meeting of the U.S. State Department's Advisory Committee on Public International Law, when Professor S.I. Strong suggested work on a convention concerning the international enforcement of mediation and settlement agreements.[3] In June 2014, the United States - led by U.S. State Department Attorney-Advisor Timothy Schnabel[4] - submitted a proposal to the United Nations Commission on International Trade Law (UNCITRAL) concerning a new instrument involving enforcement of settlement agreements arising out of mediation.[5] The Commission referred the matter to UNCITRAL Working Group II, and deliberations ensued. The text was finalized by UNCITRAL on June 25, 2018, and adopted by the U.N. General Assembly on December 20, 2018.
The Singapore Convention on Mediation opened for signature on August 7, 2019, and saw a record 46 countries, including both the United States and China, sign on opening day.[4]
- ^ Schnabel, Timothy (2019). "The Singapore Convention on Mediation: A Framework for the Cross-Border Recognition and Enforcement of Mediated Settlements". Pepperdine Dispute Resolution Law Journal. 19 (1): 1. Retrieved 7 August 2023.
- ^ "U.N. members sign mediation convention to settle trade disputes". Reuters. 7 August 2019.
- ^ Schnabel, Timothy (2019-05-09). "The Singapore Convention on Mediation: A Framework for the Cross-Border Recognition and Enforcement of Mediated Settlements". Pepperdine Dispute Resolution Law Journal. 19 (1): 1–60. ISSN 1536-3090.
- ^ Jump up to: a b "Implementation of the Singapore Convention: Federalism, Self-Execution, and Private Law Treaties – Vol. 30 No. 2 – American Review of International Arbitration". aria.law.columbia.edu. Retrieved 2025-01-04.
- ^ "Working Group II: Dispute Settlement | United Nations Commission On International Trade Law". uncitral.un.org. Retrieved 2025-01-04.
List of States Signatory to the Convention
[edit]As of 19 April 2024, 57 states have signed the convention and 12 states have deposited their respective instruments of ratification or approval.[1]
Country | signature | ratification | entry into force |
---|---|---|---|
Afghanistan | 7 August 2019 | - | - |
Armenia | 26 September 2019 | - | - |
Australia | 10 September 2021 | - | - |
Belarus | 7 August 2019 | 15 July 2020 | 15 January 2021 |
Benin | 7 August 2019 | - | - |
Belize | 7 August 2019 | - | - |
Brunei | 7 August 2019 | - | - |
Chad | 26 September 2019 | - | - |
Chile | 7 August 2019 | - | - |
China | 7 August 2019 | - | - |
Colombia | 7 August 2019 | - | - |
Republic of the Congo | 7 August 2019 | - | - |
Democratic Republic of the Congo | 7 August 2019 | - | - |
Ecuador | 25 September 2019 | 9 September 2020 | 9 March 2021 |
Kingdom of Eswatini | 7 August 2019 | - | - |
Fiji | 7 August 2019 | 25 February 2020 | 12 September 2020 |
Gabon | 25 September 2019 | - | - |
Georgia | 7 August 2019 | 29 December 2021 | 29 June 2022 |
Ghana | 22 July 2020 | - | - |
Grenada | 7 August 2019 | - | - |
Guinea-Bissau | 26 September 2019 | - | - |
Haiti | 7 August 2019 | - | - |
Honduras | 7 August 2019 | 2 September 2021 | 2 March 2022 |
India | 7 August 2019 | - | - |
Iran | 7 August 2019 | - | - |
Iraq | 17 April 2024 | - | - |
Israel | 7 August 2019 | - | - |
Jamaica | 7 August 2019 | - | - |
Jordan | 7 August 2019 | - | - |
Kazakhstan | 7 August 2019 | 23 May 2022 | 23 November 2023 |
Laos | 7 August 2019 | - | - |
Malaysia | 7 August 2019 | - | - |
Maldives | 7 August 2019 | - | - |
Mauritius | 7 August 2019 | - | - |
Montenegro | 7 August 2019 | - | - |
Nigeria | 7 August 2019 | - | - |
North Macedonia | 7 August 2019 | - | - |
Palau | 7 August 2019 | - | - |
Paraguay | 7 August 2019 | - | - |
Philippines | 7 August 2019 | - | - |
Qatar | 7 August 2019 | 12 March 2020 | 12 September 2020 |
South Korea | 7 August 2019 | - | - |
Rwanda | 28 January 2020 | ||
Samoa | 7 August 2019 | - | - |
Saudi Arabia | 7 August 2019 | 5 May 2020 | 5 November 2020 |
Serbia | 7 August 2019 | - | - |
Sierra Leone | 7 August 2019 | - | - |
Singapore | 7 August 2019 | 25 February 2020 | 12 September 2020 |
Sri Lanka | 7 August 2019 | 28 February 2024 | 28 August 2024 |
Timor Leste | 7 August 2019 | - | - |
Turkey | 7 August 2019 | 11 October 2021 | 11 April 2022 |
Uganda | 7 August 2019 | - | - |
Ukraine | 7 August 2019 | - | - |
United Kingdom | 3 May 2023 | - | - |
United States of America | 7 August 2019 | - | - |
Uruguay | 7 August 2019 | 28 March 2023 | 28 September 2023 |
Venezuela | 7 August 2019 | - | - |
References
[edit]- ^ "Singapore Convention on Mediation". Retrieved 19 April 2024.
External links
[edit]- United Nations Convention on International Settlement Agreements Resulting from Mediation
- Singapore Convention on Mediation
- 2019 in Singapore
- Treaties concluded in 2018
- United Nations treaties
- Treaties of Belarus
- Treaties of Ecuador
- Treaties of Fiji
- Treaties of Georgia (country)
- Treaties of Honduras
- Treaties of Japan
- Treaties of Kazakhstan
- Treaties of Nigeria
- Treaties of Qatar
- Treaties of Saudi Arabia
- Treaties of Singapore
- Treaties of Sri Lanka
- Treaties of Turkey
- Treaties of Uruguay
- Mediation
- Treaty stubs