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Introduction

Plato's academy, a mosaic from Pompeii

A school is both the educational institution and building designed to provide learning spaces and learning environments for the teaching of students under the direction of teachers. Most countries have systems of formal education, which is sometimes compulsory. In these systems, students progress through a series of schools that can be built and operated by both government and private organization. The names for these schools vary by country (discussed in the Regional terms section below) but generally include primary school for young children and secondary school for teenagers who have completed primary education. An institution where higher education is taught is commonly called a university college or university.

In addition to these core schools, students in a given country may also attend schools before and after primary (elementary in the U.S.) and secondary (middle school in the U.S.) education. Kindergarten or preschool provide some schooling to very young children (typically ages 3–5). University, vocational school, college or seminary may be available after secondary school. A school may be dedicated to one particular field, such as a school of economics or dance. Alternative schools may provide nontraditional curriculum and methods. (Full article...)

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There are sixty-two schools in Cardenal Caro, one of the three provinces of Libertador General Bernardo O'Higgins Region in Chile. The province contains several primary schools and eight secondary schools. All schools in Cardenal Caro are municipal (owned by the government of their respective communes) except seven, including the Colegio de la Preciosa Sangre de Pichilemu, the Colegio Charly's School and the Instituto Railef, which are semi-private (subsidized by the state). Most schools are located in rural areas, while twenty are located in urban areas. All of them are coeducational.

Students in Chilean schools begin their formal education in prekínder between the ages of two and five. Primero básico is the first grade of primary education, which lasts until octavo básico (eighth grade). Students begin their secondary education in primero medio (ninth grade), and graduate in cuarto medio (twelfth grade). (Full article...)

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Gordonstoun House
Gordonstoun House
Credit: (c) Anne Burgess

Gordonstoun is a Scottish co-educational independent school famed for having educated three generations of British royalty. Founded as an international school in 1934 by the German educator Dr. Kurt Hahn, it is best-known as the school attended during the 1960s by Charles, King of the United Kingdom, on the recommendation of his father, Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh, who had himself been one of the first students to attend Gordonstoun.

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  • 1891James Naismith introduces the first version of basketball, with thirteen rules, a peach basket nailed to either end of his school's gymnasium, and two teams of nine players.

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Bolhrad High School, Ukraine

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Portrait of a man in 17th-century clothing
Erasmus Smith, attributed to the circle of John Michael Wright

Erasmus Smith (1611–1691) was an English merchant and a landowner with possessions in England and Ireland. Having acquired significant wealth through trade and land transactions, he became a philanthropist in the sphere of education, treading a path between idealism and self-interest during a period of political and religious turbulence. His true motivations remain unclear.

Smith's family owned manors in Leicestershire and held Protestant beliefs. He became a merchant, supplying provisions to the armies of the Puritan Oliver Cromwell – during Cromwell's suppression of rebellion in Ireland — and an alderman of the City of London. His financial and landowning status was greatly enhanced by benefiting from his father's subscription to the Adventurers' Act from which he gained extensive landholdings in Ireland as a reward, and from his own speculative practice of buying additional subscriptions from other investors. (Full article...)

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