Phleum
| Phleum | |
|---|---|
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| Phleum pratense | |
Scientific classification 
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| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Clade: | Angiosperms |
| Clade: | Monocots |
| Clade: | Commelinids |
| Order: | Poales |
| Family: | Poaceae |
| Subfamily: | Pooideae |
| Supertribe: | Poodae |
| Tribe: | Poeae |
| Subtribe: | Phleinae Dumort. |
| Genus: | Phleum L. |
| Type species | |
| Phleum pratense | |
| Synonyms[3] | |
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Phleum (common name timothy) is a genus of annual and perennial plants in the grass family.[4] The genus is native to Europe, Asia and north Africa, with one species (P. alpinum) also in North and South America.[5]
They are tufted grasses growing to 20–150 cm tall, with cylindrical, spike-like panicles containing many densely packed spikelets.[6]
- Phleum alpinum – subarctic and mountainous areas in Eurasia, the Americas, South Georgia, etc.
- Phleum arenarium – western + southern Europe; Mediterranean
- Phleum bertolonii - Europe, Middle East
- Phleum boissieri - southwest Asia
- Phleum × brueggeri - France, Switzerland
- Phleum crypsoides - Sardinia, Greece, Cyprus
- Phleum echinatum - Italy, Greece, Balkans, Crimea
- Phleum exaratum - from Italy to Uzbekistan
- Phleum gibbum - Turkey
- Phleum himalaicum - Afghanistan, Pakistan, Kashmir
- Phleum hirsutum - central Europe, Balkans, Ukraine, Caucasus
- Phleum iranicum - Iran
- Phleum montanum - from Balkans to Iran
- Phleum paniculatum - from Spain to Japan
- Phleum phleoides – from Portugal + Morocco to eastern Siberia
- Phleum pratense – Timothy – from Portugal + Morocco to central Asia; naturalized in East Asia, the Americas, etc.
- Phleum subulatum - from Portugal to Pakistan
- Phleum × viniklarii - Dalmatia
- Formerly included[3]
Numerous species now considered better suited to other genera: Aegilops Alopecurus Beckmannia Crypsis Cynodon Cynosurus Digitaria Elytrophorus Ischaemum Mnesithea Muhlenbergia Pennisetum Pentameris Phalaris Polypogon Polytrias Sesleria Tribolium
Cultivation and uses
[edit]Several species are important for cattle feed and as hay for horses and other domestic animals.[10]
References
[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Phleum.
- ^ lectotype designated by Hitchcock, Prop. Brit. Bot.: 119. 1929
- ^ "Tropicos - Name - Phleum L." www.tropicos.org.
- ^ a b c "Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families". kew.org.
- ^ Linné, Carl von; Linné, Carl von; Salvius, Lars (1753). Caroli Linnaei ... Species plantarum :exhibentes plantas rite cognitas, ad genera relatas, cum differentiis specificis, nominibus trivialibus, synonymis selectis, locis natalibus, secundum systema sexuale digestas... Vol. 1. Holmiae: Impensis Laurentii Salvii.
- ^ "Species in GRIN for genus". www.ars-grin.gov. Archived from the original on 2008-10-11.
- ^ "Phleum in Flora of China @ efloras.org". www.efloras.org. Retrieved 2018-10-15.
- ^ "Search results — The Plant List". www.theplantlist.org.
- ^ "Generi della flora italiana: Phleum". luirig.altervista.org. Retrieved 2024-12-08.
- ^ "Flora Europaea Search Results". rbg-web2.rbge.org.uk. Retrieved 2018-10-15.
- ^ NRCS. "Phleum". PLANTS Database. United States Department of Agriculture (USDA). Retrieved 2018-10-15.
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