Panaeolina

Panaeolina
	Panaeolina cinctulus
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Fungi
Division:	Basidiomycota
Class:	Agaricomycetes
Order:	Agaricales
Family:	Bolbitiaceae
Genus:	Panaeolina; Maire
Type species
	Panaeolina foenisecii (Persoon) Maire ;

Panaeolina is a small genus of small mushrooms, containing only about four species. They are a subgroup of Panaeolus which have dark brown spores. The type species is Panaeolina foenisecii, a common lawn mushroom. Members of Panaeolina are broadly distributed throughout the world.

Some members of Panaeolina have been reported to contain the hallucinogen psilocybin, however these results are thought to be false positives.^[1]

These fungi are sometimes classified as part of the genus Panaeolus.^[2] Like that genus their gills have a cloudy/speckled/mottled appearance due to the way that their spores ripen unevenly in spots, but they are distinguished because the spores are ornamented while those of Panaeolus (in the restricted sense) are smooth. Also their gills are dark brown, instead of black or grey.^[3]

Species

Name	Taxon Author	Year
Panaeolina castaneifolia	(Murrill) Bon	1979
Panaeolina foenisecii	(Pers.) Maire	1933
Panaeolina indica	Sathe & J.T. Daniel	1981
Panaeolina sagarae	Hongo	1978

References

^ John W. Allen & Mark D. Merlin. "Observations Regarding the Suspected Psychoactive Properties of Panaeolus foenisecii Maire". Retrieved 2012-06-10.
^ See Mushroom expert page on Panaeolus foenisecii, which gives further references which use both these naming choices.
^ Courtecuisse, R. & Duhem, B. (1994) "Guide des champignons de France et d'Europe" Delachaux et Niestlé ISBN 2-603-00953-2, also available in English

External links

Wikispecies - The Genus Panaeolina
Gastón Guzmán; John W. Allen; Jochen Gartz (1998). "A worldwide geographical distribution of the neurotropic fungi, an analysis and discussion" (PDF). Annali del Museo Civico di Rovereto (14): 189–280. (on Fondazione Museo Civico di Rovereto)
Info on Panaeolina foenisecii intoxication

[1] John W. Allen & Mark D. Merlin. "Observations Regarding the Suspected Psychoactive Properties of Panaeolus foenisecii Maire". Retrieved 2012-06-10.

[2] See Mushroom expert page on Panaeolus foenisecii, which gives further references which use both these naming choices.

[Courtecuisse-3] Courtecuisse, R. & Duhem, B. (1994) "Guide des champignons de France et d'Europe" Delachaux et Niestlé ISBN 2-603-00953-2, also available in English

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