Nymphaea petersiana
| Nymphaea petersiana | |
|---|---|
Scientific classification 
| |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Clade: | Angiosperms |
| Order: | Nymphaeales |
| Family: | Nymphaeaceae |
| Genus: | Nymphaea |
| Subgenus: | Nymphaea subg. Lotos |
| Species: | N. petersiana
|
| Binomial name | |
| Nymphaea petersiana Klotzsch[1]
| |
| Synonyms[1] | |
| |
Nymphaea petersiana is a species of the genus Nymphaea[1] native to the region spanning from Tanzania to South Africa.[2]
Description
[edit]Vegetative characteristics
[edit]Nymphaea petersiana is an aquatic, rhizomatous, perennial plant[3] with a tuberous rhizome.[4][5] The suborbicular to elliptic,[3] 17–40 cm long, and 16–32 cm wide leaves have a sinuate[5] to dentate margin.[6][5] The adaxial leaf surface is green and smooth, and the abaxial leaf surface is purple, red, or green with prominent venation.[3]
Generative characteristics
[edit]The 6-12 cm wide, blue, white, or pink flowers emerge above the water surface. The flowers have four petals, and 14-20 petals. The androecium consists of 100 stamens[3] with a white apical appendage.[4] The gynoecium consists of 16–20 carpels. The globose, 2 cm long, and 3 cm wide fruit bears pubescent, ellipsoid, 1 mm long seeds.[5]
Taxonomy
[edit]Publication
[edit]It was first described as Nymphaea petersiana Klotzsch by Johann Friedrich Klotzsch in 1861.[1] Later, it was included in the species Nymphaea nouchali Burm.f. as the variety Nymphaea nouchali var. petersiana (Klotzsch) Verdc. published by Bernard Verdcourt in 1989.[2] This placement has been criticised as highly unnatural,[7] as Nymphaea petersiana turned out to be a member of the subgenus Nymphaea subg. Lotos and is therefore unrelated to Nymphaea nouchali.[7][8][9][10][11][12][13] The leaves of Nymphaea petersiana resemble those of Nymphaea subg. Lotos in respect to the dentate margin and raised leaf venation on the abaxial leaf surface, but the flowers closely resemble those of Nymphaea subg. Brachyceras.[8]
Etymology
[edit]The specific epithet petersiana honours Wilhelm Peters (1815-1883).[3][14]
Ecology
[edit]Habitat
[edit]It occurs in pools, rivers, and lakes.[3][4]
Use
[edit]The tubers are eaten in Malawi.[15][8]
References
[edit]- ^ a b c d USDA, Agricultural Research Service, National Plant Germplasm System. 2024. Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN Taxonomy). National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland. URL: https://npgsweb.ars-grin.gov/gringlobal/taxon/taxonomydetail?id=411682. Accessed 12 December 2024.
- ^ a b "Nymphaea nouchali var. petersiana (Klotzsch) Verdc". Plants of the World Online. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Retrieved 16 January 2024.
- ^ a b c d e f Flora of Mozambique: Species information: Nymphaea nouchali var. petersiana. (n.d.). Retrieved January 16, 2024, from https://www.mozambiqueflora.com/speciesdata/species.php?species_id=123470
- ^ a b c Hyde, M.A., Wursten, B.T., Ballings, P. & Coates Palgrave, M. (2024). Flora of Zimbabwe: Species information: Nymphaea nouchali var. petersiana. https://www.zimbabweflora.co.zw/speciesdata/species.php?species_id=123470, retrieved 12 December 2024
- ^ a b c d Nymphaea petersiana Klotzsch [family NYMPHAEACEAE]. (n.d.). JSTOR. Retrieved December 12, 2024, from https://plants.jstor.org/stable/10.5555/al.ap.flora.fz342
- ^ Gilg, E. (1908). Nymphaeaceae africanae. Botanische Jahrbücher Fur Systematik, Pflanzengeschichte Und Pflanzengeographie, 41(5), 351–366.
- ^ a b Roestel, J. A., Wiersema, J. H., Jansen, R. K., Borsch, T., & Gruenstaeudl, M. (2024). On the importance of sequence alignment inspections in plastid phylogenomics–an example from revisiting the relationships of the water‐lilies. Cladistics.
- ^ a b c Borsch, T., Hilu, K. W., Wiersema, J. H., Löhne, C., Barthlott, W., & Wilde, V. (2007). Phylogeny of Nymphaea (Nymphaeaceae): evidence from substitutions and microstructural changes in the chloroplast trnT-trnF region. International Journal of Plant Sciences, 168(5), 639-671.
- ^ Dkhar, J., Kumaria, S., Rao, S. R., & Tandon, P. (2010). Molecular phylogenetics and taxonomic reassessment of four Indian representatives of the genus Nymphaea. Aquatic Botany, 93(2), 135-139.
- ^ Borsch, T., Löhne, C., & Wiersema, J. (2008). Phylogeny and evolutionary patterns in Nymphaeales: integrating genes, genomes and morphology. Taxon, 57(4), 1052-4E.
- ^ Borsch, T., Loehne, C., Mbaye, M. S., & Wiersema, J. (2011). Towards a complete species tree of Nymphaea: shedding further light on subg. Brachyceras and its relationships to the Australian water-lilies. Telopea, 13(1-2), 193-217.
- ^ Loehne, C., Borsch, T., & Wiersema, J. H. (2007). Phylogenetic analysis of Nymphaeales using fast-evolving and noncoding chloroplast markers. Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society, 154(2), 141-163.
- ^ Löhne, C., Yoo, M. J., Borsch, T., Wiersema, J., Wilde, V., Bell, C. D., ... & Soltis, P. S. (2008). Biogeography of Nymphaeales: extant patterns and historical events. Taxon, 57(4), 1123-19E.
- ^ Nymphaea petersiana | CasaBio. (n.d.). Retrieved January 16, 2024, from https://casabio.org/taxa/nymphaea-petersiana
- ^ Chawanje, C. M. (1998). Nutrient and Antinutrient Content of an Underexploited Malawian Water Tuber Nymphaea petersiana (Nyika). https://vtechworks.lib.vt.edu/bitstreams/a5f735df-712a-4635-9081-c1435e8fc550/download