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Niloufar Bayani

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Niloufar Bayani
نیلوفر بیانی
Born1986 (age 37–38)[1]
Tehran, Iran[1]
NationalityIranian
Alma materMcGill University,
Columbia University
Occupation(s)conservationist,
cheetah researcher[2]
Known forAsian cheetah conservation, ecosystem-based disaster risk reduction and adaptation
AwardsBBC 100 Women (2022)[3]

Niloufar Bayani (Persian: نیلوفر بیانی; born 1986;[1]) is an Iranian wildlife conservation biology researcher and activist.[4] She was convicted in 2019 of espionage by Iranian authorities in a closed-door trial in Iran, and received a 10-year prison sentence.[5][6]

Early life and education

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Niloufar Bayani was born in 1986 in Tehran, Iran.[1] She graduated in 2009 from McGill University in Canada with a BSc degree in biology, and holds an MA degree in Conservation Biology from Columbia University.[7]

Career

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After graduation, Bayani worked as a consultant and project adviser to United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) between 2012 and 2017.[8]

In the summer of 2017, she joined the Persian Wildlife Heritage Foundation (PWHF),[9][10] an Iranian environmental organization co-founded by Kavous Seyed-Emami and other Iranian environmentalists. PWHF is a not-for-profit organization supervised by a board of trustees and an executive board whose members are well versed in conservation strategies and natural resource management. In Iran, she worked on the wildlife projects, setting camera traps in seven provinces to monitor the critically endangered Asiatic cheetah.[11]

Arrest and imprisonment

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Bayani was arrested in January 2018 by the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps, on charges of espionage.[12][7] Others arrested and imprisoned from PWHF included Seyed-Emami, Amir Hossein Khaleghi, Abdolreza Kouhpayeh, Hooman Jokar, Morad Tahabaz, Sam Rajabi, Sepideh Kashani, and Taher Ghadirian.[13]

In 2019, Bayani wrote an open letter to Ayatollah Khamenei, describing her harsh treatment by her interrogators. On February 18, 2020, BBC Persia published letters that Bayani wrote from Evin Prison, in which she detailed the tortures she has to undergo. According to a report compiled by the BBC, she was separated and detained incommunicado for eight months and her interrogators tortured and threatened her with sexual assault.[14] Bayani said that her interrogators showed her a photo of Seyed-Emami, whose body was found in his prison cell two days after his arrest with officials claiming he had committed suicide.[10][7]

She was sentenced in 2020 without a lawyer and despite her claims.[15] On the occasion of Iranian New Year and Eid al-Fitr, Ayatollah Khamenei has agreed to pardon or commute the sentences of 2,127 convicts upon a proposal by Iranian Judiciary Chief Gholmhossein Mohseni-Ejei. Four environmentalists – Sepideh Kashani, Niloufar Bayani, Houman Jowkar, and Taher Ghadirain – are included in the amnesty. Niloufar Bayani was released on Monday 8 April 2024, 2266 days after she was arrested, after more than 6 years in prison, and is now free with her family.[16]

International pressure

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On March 14, 2019, the European Parliament adopted a resolution in which it condemned the Iranian violations to human rights, freedom of expression, fair trial, freedom of the press, freedom of thought and freedom of religion.[17] In particular, the document makes reference to the case of Bayani and the other environmentalists in point 14; by urging the Iranian authorities to release all the individuals unfairly detained in their prisons for allegedly commission of crimes.[17]

The United Nation's Human Rights Council, on January 28, 2020, published a Report[18] on the situation of human rights in Iran, which expresses the concern of the Special Rapporteur regarding condition of respect of the fundamental human rights. One paragraph of the document relates to the case of the eight detained environmentalists, among which there is Bayani. She is accused of "collaborating with the United States enemy state" and has also been condemned to refund the income received as a consultant and project adviser to United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) between 2012 and 2017. The Rapporteur invited the Iranian authorities to ensure the respect of the work pursued by the scientific community for the benefit of the Iranian country.[18]

Scholars at Risk (SAR) is an international network of institutions and individuals that promotes academic freedom and protect scholars from academic freedom threats.[19] SAR has been actively supporting Bayani, including by sending letters to public authorities in Iran, running advocacy seminars in universities, and conducting online activities via social networks.[20]

Iranian reactions

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Following Bayani's revelation of the sexual and psychological harassment of the interrogators, the Tehran Prosecutor's Office denied the allegations, claiming that all the interrogation procedures had been videotaped, and linked the issue to accusations and planned actions on the eve of the election. It claimed that the judiciary was sensitive to the dignity of defendants, convicts, and prisoners.[21]

The revelation of the behavior of the intelligence interrogators to Bayani was widely reported on social media. In a statement on Twitter, the Iranian reformist political activist Mostafa Tajzadeh called for the truth in Bayani's case, and for the punishment of the perpetrators of violence.[22]

See also

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References

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  1. ^ a b c d "Umweltschützerin: Niloufar Bayani". Internationale Gesellschaft für Menschenrechte (IGFM) (in German). Retrieved 2021-04-25.
  2. ^ Welle (www.dw.com), Deutsche, Iranian cheetah researchers sentenced for spying, retrieved 2020-02-19
  3. ^ "BBC 100 Women 2022: Who is on the list this year?". BBC News. Retrieved 2022-12-10.
  4. ^ "Iran 'jails wildlife activists' accused of spying", BBC News, 2019-11-20, retrieved 2020-02-19
  5. ^ Long, Kayleigh E. (2019-11-20). "Cheetah researchers accused of spying sentenced in Iran, Scientists and conservationists condemned the verdict, warning about the dangers of mixing politics and conservation". National Geographic. Archived from the original on April 13, 2021. Retrieved 2021-04-25.
  6. ^ "Iran Sentences Alleged US Spies to Up to 10 Years in Prison", The New York Times, Associated Press, 2020-02-18, ISSN 0362-4331, retrieved 2020-02-19
  7. ^ a b c Armstrong, Jeanne. "McGill grad jailed in Iran being criminalized for environmental work, says friend". CBC/Radio-Canada. Retrieved 19 February 2020.
  8. ^ Environment, U. N. (2019-11-22). "UN Environment Programme statement on the sentencing of environmentalists in Iran". UN Environment. Retrieved 2020-02-19.
  9. ^ Riga, Andy (2019-11-22). "Iran sentences McGill-trained scientist to 10 years in prison: reports". Montreal Gazette. Retrieved 2020-02-19.
  10. ^ a b "1200 Hours of Torture, Sexual Threats and Forced Confessions". IranWire | خانه. Retrieved 2020-03-08.
  11. ^ Cunningham, Erin; Guarino, Ben. "Environmentalists filmed Iran's vanishing cheetahs. Now they could be executed for spying". Washington Post. Retrieved 2020-02-19.
  12. ^ "Niloufar Bayani, Iran". Scholars at Risk. 2019-04-18. Retrieved 2020-02-19.
  13. ^ "Iran: Environmentalists' Unjust Sentences Upheld". Human Rights Watch. 2020-02-19. Retrieved 2021-04-25.
  14. ^ "Environmentalist In Iran Prison Exposes Torture, Sexual Threats By Interrogators". Radio Farda. February 19, 2020.
  15. ^ "1200 Hours of Torture, Sexual Threats and Forced Confessions". IranWire | خانه. Retrieved 2020-03-08.
  16. ^ https://www.genevaenvironmentnetwork.org/resources/updates/release-of-niloufar-bayani-and-other-environmental-conservationists-detained-in-iran/
  17. ^ a b "Texts adopted - Iran, notably the case of human rights defenders - Thursday, 14 March 2019". www.europarl.europa.eu. Retrieved 2020-06-24.
  18. ^ a b "Report_of_the_Special_Rapporteur_on_the_situation_of_human_rights_in_the_Islamic_Republic_of_IranA4361.pdf". www.ohchr.org. Retrieved 2020-06-24.
  19. ^ "About SAR". www.scholarsatrisk.org. Retrieved 2020-05-25.
  20. ^ "Niloufar Bayani, Iran". Scholars at Risk. 2019-04-18. Retrieved 2020-07-27.
  21. ^ Welle (www.dw.com), Deutsche. "دادستانی تهران: بحث شکنجه نیلوفر بیانی عملیات رسانه‌‌‌ای است | DW | 20.02.2020". DW.COM (in Persian). Retrieved 2020-06-24.
  22. ^ "Iran to probe torture of jailed environmentalist". Free Malaysia Today. AFP. 2020-02-20. Retrieved 2022-03-03.
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