Myrsine lessertiana
| Myrsine lessertiana | |
|---|---|
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Scientific classification 
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| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Clade: | Angiosperms |
| Clade: | Eudicots |
| Clade: | Asterids |
| Order: | Ericales |
| Family: | Primulaceae |
| Genus: | Myrsine |
| Species: | M. lessertiana
|
| Binomial name | |
| Myrsine lessertiana | |
| Synonyms[1] | |
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Myrsine lessertiana, the kōlea lau nui, is a species of colicwood endemic to the U.S. state of Hawaii in the family Primulaceae. It inhabits Hawaiian tropical dry, coastal mesic, mixed mesic, and wet forests at elevations of 210–1,220 m (690–4,000 ft) on the main Hawaiian islands. M. lessertiana is a small to medium-sized tree, reaching a height of 18 m (59 ft) with a trunk diameter of 0.3–0.6 m (0.98–1.97 ft).[2] Most are founded on the main Hawaiian islands of Oahu, Kauai, and Maui with flowers blooming during spring, less during the fall, and flowers that peak during winter seasons.[3]
Taxonomy
[edit] | This section may be confusing or unclear to readers. (December 2024) |
Myrsine lessertiana is found to have a total of three clades. The first clade is found only on Oahu and Kauai which is further divided into two subcategories of the clades based on leaf shapes and genomic datasets. The second clade consists of variations from other islands such as M. pukooensis and M. vaccinioides. The third clade consists of two specimens of Myrsine lessertiana.[3] These clades form lineages that establish it as monophyletic with Myrsine lanaiensis.[4]
Habitat
[edit]Myrsine lessertiana has proven to be suitable candidate for native Hawaiian forest restoration because the species thrives in wet lowland forests with low lighting and grows well at high elevations.[5]
Uses
[edit]Native Hawaiians used kōlea lau nui wood to make papa olonā (Touchardia latifolia scrapers), kua kuku (kapa anvils), pou (house posts), kaola (beams), pale (gunwales), and manu (ornamental end pieces) for waʻa (outrigger canoes). Kōlea lau nui bark was boiled in water to make hili kōlea (a deep red dye), which was then used on kapa (bark cloth).[6] During ancient times, Native Hawaiians also used the kōlea lau nui for canoes, used the charcoal for black dye, and its wood is still used today for crafting.[7]
See also
[edit]References
[edit]
- ^ a b "Myrsine lessertiana A.DC". Plants of the World Online. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Retrieved 2024-12-14.
- ^ Little Jr., Elbert L.; Roger G. Skolmen (1989). "Kōlea" (PDF). United States Forest Service. Retrieved 2009-10-05.
- ^ a b Appelhans, Marc S.; Paetzold, Claudia; Wood, Kenneth R.; Wagner, Warren L. (November 2020). "RADseq resolves the phylogeny of Hawaiian Myrsine (Primulaceae) and provides evidence for hybridization". Journal of Systematics and Evolution. 58 (6): 823–840. doi:10.1111/jse.12668. ISSN 1674-4918.
- ^ Lamoureux, Charles H. (June 1973). Phenology and growth of Hawaiian plants, a preliminary report (Report). Honolulu: Island Ecosystems IRP, U.S. International Biological Program. Retrieved 2024-12-14.
- ^ Kandert, Susanne; Kreft, Holger; Dimanno, Nicole; Uowolo, Amanda; Cordell, Susan; Ostertag, Rebecca (2021). "Influence of Light and Substrate Conditions on Regeneration of Native Tree Saplings in the Hawaiian Lowland Wet Forest". Pacific Science. 75 (1): 107–127. doi:10.2984/75.1.5.
- ^ Medeiros, A. C.; C.F. Davenport; C.G. Chimera (1998). "Auwahi: Ethnobotany of a Hawaiian Dryland Forest" (PDF). Cooperative National Park Resources Studies Unit, University of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa. pp. 29–30. Retrieved 2009-03-24.
- ^ "Big Tree: Kōlea lau nui". dlnr.hawaii.gov. Retrieved 2024-10-28.
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