Mercimekli, Midyat
Mercimekli | |
|---|---|
 | |
  Mercimekli Location in Turkey | |
| Coordinates: 37°28′12″N 41°20′17″E / 37.470°N 41.338°E | |
| Country | Turkey |
| Province | Mardin |
| District | Midyat |
| Population (2021)[1] | 304 |
| Time zone | UTC+3 (TRT) |
Mercimekli[a] (Arabic: حبسناس; Kurdish: Hapisnas;[3][b] Syriac: ܚܒܣܢܐܣ, romanized: Habsnas)[5][c] is a neighbourhood in the municipality and district of Midyat, Mardin Province in Turkey.[8] The village is populated by Assyrians, Zaza Kurds, and Mhallami and had a population of 304 in 2021.[1][9] It is located in the historic region of Tur Abdin.[10]
In the village, there is a church of Mar Shim’un.[11]
History
[edit]The Church of Mar Shim’un at Habsnas (today called Mercimekli) was built at the beginning of the sixth century or shortly afterwards.[12] Mar Shim’un Zaytuni (d. 734), metropolitan bishop of Harran, was born at Habsnas in 657 AD and renovated its church, founded a school at the village, and established the nearby Monastery of Mar Lazarus.[13] The monk Ayyub (Job) of Manim’am, who wrote the vita of Mar Shim’un Zaytuni at the end of the ninth century or the beginning of the tenth century, may have been educated at the school at Habsnas.[14] The monk Habib of Habsnas was a renowned calligrapher (fl. 1170).[15] Dionysius Isaiah of Habsnas was metropolitan bishop of the Monastery of the Cross and Hah in 1453–1463.[16] The Monastery of Mar Lazarus at Habsnas was renovated in 1866.[17]
In 1914, it was inhabited by 450 Assyrians, as per the list presented to the Paris Peace Conference by the Assyro-Chaldean delegation.[18] The Assyrians adhered to the Syriac Orthodox Church.[19] Amidst the Sayfo, the village was attacked by Kurds of the Rama tribe on 11 June during the night and fighting continued into the following day.[20] Some villagers fled to Midyat and reported the battle to their co-religionists who appealed to the kaymakam of Midyat to aid the Assyrians at Habsnas.[20] The Kurds were chased off by soldiers sent by the kaymakam of Midyat and fifteen soldiers were left to guard the village.[20] Upon the outbreak of fighting at Midyat, a Yazidi herdsman warned the Assyrians of Habsnas to expect another attack and thus most of them took refuge at ‘Ayn-Wardo with their property and about 200 Assyrians who remained were massacred by the soldiers and Kurds of the Rama tribe.[20]
The population of the village was 560 in 1960.[3] There were 380 Turoyo-speaking Christians in 56 families in 1966.[3] One Armenian family inhabited the village in 1980.[21] In the late 20th century, Assyrians at Habsnas emigrated to Sweden, Belgium, and Germany.[22] The church was restored in the early 2000s.[22] A mosque was constructed in 2003.[22]
Demography
[edit]The following is a list of the number of Assyrian families that have inhabited Habsnas per year stated. Unless otherwise stated, all figures are from the list provided in The Syrian Orthodox Christians in the Late Ottoman Period and Beyond: Crisis then Revival, as noted in the bibliography below.[23]
- 1915: 100
- 1966: 56
- 1978: 42
- 1979: 38
- 1981: 33
- 1987: 10
- 1995: 3
- 2013: 1[22]
References
[edit]Notes
Citations
- ^ a b "31 ARALIK 2021 TARİHLİ ADRESE DAYALI NÜFUS KAYIT SİSTEMİ (ADNKS) SONUÇLARI" (XLS). TÜİK (in Turkish). Retrieved 16 December 2022.
- ^ Courtois (2013), p. 121.
- ^ a b c d Ritter (1967), p. 11.
- ^ Ritter (1967), p. 11; Biner (2020), p. x.
- ^ Carlson, Thomas A. (9 December 2016). "Habsenas - ܚܒܣܢܐܣ". The Syriac Gazetteer. Retrieved 18 November 2024.
- ^ Ritter (1967), p. 11; Biner (2020), p. x; Gaunt (2006), p. 222; Keser-Kayaalp (2022), pp. 17, 66; Bcheiry (2010), p. 74; Jongerden & Verheij (2012), p. 322; Travis (2018), p. 180; Palmer (1990), p. xx.
- ^ Courtois (2013), p. 119.
- ^ "Türkiye Mülki İdare Bölümleri Envanteri". T.C. İçişleri Bakanlığı (in Turkish). Retrieved 19 December 2022.
- ^ Andrews & Benninghaus (1989), pp. 48, 206; Tan (2018), p. 249; Courtois (2013), p. 146.
- ^ Barsoum (2003), p. 559.
- ^ Barsoum (2008b), p. 17.
- ^ Barsoum (2008a), p. 5.
- ^ Barsoum (2008b), pp. 113–114.
- ^ Barsoum (2008b), p. 104.
- ^ Barsoum (2008b), pp. 78, 109.
- ^ Barsoum (2008b), p. 38.
- ^ Barsoum (2008b), p. 84.
- ^ Gaunt (2006), p. 427.
- ^ Jongerden & Verheij (2012), p. 322.
- ^ a b c d Gaunt (2006), p. 223.
- ^ Courtois (2013), pp. 121–122.
- ^ a b c d Courtois (2013), p. 146.
- ^ Dinno (2017), p. 384.
Bibliography
[edit]- Andrews, Peter Alford; Benninghaus, Rüdiger, eds. (1989). Ethnic Groups in the Republic of Turkey.
- Barsoum, Aphrem (2003). The Scattered Pearls: A History of Syriac Literature and Sciences. Translated by Matti Moosa (2nd ed.). Gorgias Press. Retrieved 14 July 2020.
- Barsoum, Aphrem (2008a). History of the Za'faran Monastery. Translated by Matti Moosa. Gorgias Press. Retrieved 26 June 2021.
- Barsoum, Aphrem (2008b). The History of Tur Abdin. Translated by Matti Moosa. Gorgias Press. Retrieved 1 April 2021.
- Bcheiry, Iskandar (2010). Collection of Historical Documents in Relation with the Syriac Orthodox Community in the Late Period of the Ottoman Empire: The Register of Mardin MS 1006. Gorgias Press. Retrieved 20 November 2024.
- Biner, Zerrin Özlem (2020). States of Dispossession: Violence and Precarious Coexistence in Southeast Turkey. University of Pennsylvania Press. Retrieved 26 November 2024.
- Courtois, Sébastien de (2004). The Forgotten Genocide: Eastern Christians, The Last Arameans. Translated by Vincent Aurora. Gorgias Press. Retrieved 20 November 2024.
- Courtois, Sébastien de (2013). "Tur Abdin : Réflexions sur l'état présent descommunautés syriaques du Sud-Est de la Turquie,mémoire, exils, retours". Cahier du Gremmamo (in French). 21: 113–150.
- Dinno, Khalid S. (2017). The Syrian Orthodox Christians in the Late Ottoman Period and Beyond: Crisis then Revival. Gorgias Press. Retrieved 26 November 2024.
- Gaunt, David (2006). Massacres, Resistance, Protectors: Muslim-Christian Relations in Eastern Anatolia during World War I. Gorgias Press. Retrieved 21 May 2023.
- Jongerden, Joost; Verheij, Jelle, eds. (2012). Social Relations in Ottoman Diyarbekir, 1870-1915. Brill. Retrieved 20 November 2024.
- Keser-Kayaalp, Elif, ed. (January 2022). Syriac Architectural Heritage at Risk in TurʿAbdin (PDF). Retrieved 8 November 2024.
- Palmer, Andrew (1990). Monk and Mason on the Tigris Frontier: The Early History of Tur Abdin. Cambridge University Press. Retrieved 15 July 2020.
- Ritter, Hellmut (1967). Turoyo: Die Volkssprache der Syrischen Christen des Tur 'Abdin (in German). Vol. 1. Franz Steiner Verlag.
- Tan, Altan (2018). Turabidin'den Berriye'ye. Aşiretler - Dinler - Diller - Kültürler (in Turkish). Pak Ajans Yayincilik Turizm Ve Diş Ticaret Limited şirketi. ISBN 9789944360944.
- Travis, Hannibal, ed. (2018). The Assyrian Genocide: Cultural and Political Legacies (PDF). Routledge. Retrieved 30 October 2024.