Louis Victor Meriadec de Rohan-Guéméné
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Louis Victor Meriadec de Rohan-Guéméné | |
|---|---|
| Born | 20 July 1766 Versailles, France |
| Died | 10 December 1846 (aged 80) Sychrov Castle, Czech Republic |
| Allegiance |  France Habsburg monarchy Austrian Empire |
| Service | Infantry |
| Rank | Feldmarschall-Leutnant |
| Battles / wars | |
| Awards | Military Order of Maria Theresa |
| Other work | Inhaber Infantry Regiment Nr. 21 |
Louis Victor Meriadec de Rohan, Prince de Guéméné, Duke of Montbazon and Bouillon (20 July 1766 – 10 December 1846) was a French aristocrat who fled France at the start of the French Revolution. He fought in the army of Habsburg Austria and the Austrian Empire in the French Revolutionary Wars and the Napoleonic Wars. Cut off behind enemy lines in 1805, he led his troops on a remarkable but ultimately unsuccessful trek through the Alps and Italy. In 1809, he commanded a division at the Battle of Aspern-Essling and the Battle of Wagram and was seriously wounded in the latter action. He briefly served as inhaber (proprietor) of an infantry regiment but retired from military service in 1810. He died on the Rohan family's Bohemian estate in 1846.
French Revolution
[edit]Louis-Victor-Meriadec de Rohan, Prince de Guéméné, Duke de Montbazon et de Bouillon was born at Versailles, France on July 20, 1766.[1] When the French Revolution broke out, he left France and took service with the Habsburg Austrian army. He was promoted Oberst (colonel) in October 1794.[2] The Rohan Legion was formed in 1794 from Walloons and French émigrés. The Legion consisted of an infantry regiment of 12 infantry companies and a hussar regiment of 6 squadrons. Its commander was listed as Ludwig (Louis) Prince Rohan. The unit was technically part of the Brunswick imperial contingent.[3]
The Rohan Light Infantry, 504 men, and the Rohan Hussars, 6 squadrons, appear in the order of battle for the army of Prince Frederick, Duke of York and Albany on 15 August 1794. Both units served in von Linsingen's 1st Brigade of Rudolph von Hammerstein's Advance Guard.[4] The Rohan Hussars were also part of the garrison at the Siege of Nijmegen on 1 November 1794.[5] In 1798, the Legion was dissolved and the infantry reformed as two Austrian light infantry battalions, while the cavalry became part of the Bussy Mounted Jägers.[3] Charles Alain Gabriel de Rohan-Guéméné, the older brother of Louis,[6] commanded Light Infantry Battalion Nr. 2[7] and Louis commanded Light Infantry Battalion Nr. 14. Louis distinguished himself during the War of the Second Coalition, fighting at the Battle of Cassano and at the Gotthard Pass and Simplon Pass in 1799. He also fought in the south Tyrol in 1800. Light Infantry Battalion Nr. 14 was disbanded in 1801 and the soldiers incorporated into Archduke Franz Joseph Infantry Regiment Nr. 63.[8]
Notes
[edit]- ^ Ebert 2022.
- ^ Smith & Kudrna 2008a.
- ^ a b Wrede 1898, p. 449.
- ^ Brown 2018, p. 316.
- ^ Brown 2018, p. 322.
- ^ Smith & Kudrna 2008b.
- ^ Wrede 1898, p. 379.
- ^ Wrede 1898, p. 390.
References
[edit]- Bowden, Scotty; Tarbox, Charlie (1980). Armies on the Danube 1809. Arlington, Tex.: Empire Games Press.
- Brown, Steve (2018). The Duke of York's Flanders Campaign: Fighting the French Revolution 1793–1795. Havertown, Pa.: Pen and Sword Books. ISBN 978-1-52674-269-8.
- Ebert, Jens Florian (2022). "Field Marshal Lieutenant Prince Ludwig Rohan von Guemenée" (in German). Die Österreichischen Generäle 1792-1815. Retrieved 4 January 2025.
- Schneidawind, F. J. A. (1848). "Der Krieg im Jahre 1805" (in German). Augsburg: Schmid. Retrieved 4 January 2025.
- Nafziger, George (2024). "Austrian Army in Bavaria, 8 October 1805" (PDF). Napoleon Series. Retrieved 5 January 2025.
- Schneid, Frederick C. (2005). Napoleon's Conquest of Europe: The War of the Third Coalition. Westport, Conn.: Praeger Publishers. ISBN 0-275-98096-0.
- Schneid, Frederick C. (2002). Napoleon's Italian Campaigns: 1805-1815. Westport, Conn.: Praeger Publishers. ISBN 0-275-96875-8.
- Smith, Digby (1998). The Napoleonic Wars Data Book. London: Greenhill. ISBN 1-85367-276-9.
- Smith, Digby; Kudrna, Leopold (2008a). "Austrian Generals of 1792-1815: Rohan-Guéméné, Ludwig Victor Fürst von". napoleon-series.org. Retrieved 4 January 2025.
- Smith, Digby; Kudrna, Leopold (2008b). "Austrian Generals of 1792-1815: Rohan-Guéméné, Karl Alois Gabriel Fürst von". napoleon-series.org. Retrieved 5 January 2025.
- Wrede, Alphons (1898). "Geschichte der K. und K. Wehrmacht, Vol. 2" (in German). Vienna: L. W. Seidel & Sohn. Retrieved 5 January 2025.