List of streetcar systems in the United States
This article needs additional citations for verification. (April 2008) |
This is an all-time list of streetcar (tram), interurban and light rail systems in the United States, by principal city (or cities) served, and separated by political division, with opening and closing dates. It includes all such systems, past and present; cities with currently operating systems, and those systems themselves, are indicated in bold and blue background colored rows. It is one in a group of lists that collectively cover all countries of the world; the other lists are indexed at List of town tramway systems.
This is not a list of streetcar operating companies. It is a list of U.S. cities that were the focus or base of a streetcar system at one time, with starting and ending dates for each general type of streetcar service (e.g. horsecar, electric streetcar) in each city or metropolitan area. "System", as used in the article title, refers collectively to all streetcar infrastructure and rolling stock in a given metropolitan area, used by any of several different operating companies over many years, often passing from one operating company to the next. The "Name of system" column is intended to distinguish the few cases where two distinctly different systems were in operation in one city at the same time, but is also used to identify operators that have a Wikipedia article. In many U.S. cities, the streetcar system was operated by a succession of different private companies during the years in which the system existed.[1]
The use of the diamond (♦) symbol indicates where there were (or are) two or more independent streetcar (or light rail) systems operating concurrently within a single metropolitan area. Usually, this refers either to interurban lines connecting the area's principal city with other cities or to cases where separate cities within one metropolitan area were served by independently operated streetcar systems.
Unless otherwise noted in the "Type" column, all systems listed were/are conventional streetcar (tram) systems (although some past systems might have been termed light rail if that 1970s-introduced term had existed at the time they were in operation). Interurban and light rail systems are noted in that column for convenience.
For lists of existing systems only, see the following:
- Light rail in the United States
- List of United States light rail systems by ridership
- Light rail in North America
- List of rail transit systems in the United States (which also includes subway/metro and commuter rail systems)
Alabama
[edit]Name of System | Location | Traction Type |
Interurban or light rail, if applicable | Date (From) | Date (To) | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Alabama Power Company | Anniston | Horse | ? | ? | ||
Electric | 1888 | April 20, 1932 | Formerly Anniston Electric and Gas Company[2] | |||
Birmingham Railway, Light and Power Company | Birmingham | Horse | January 24, 1884 | April 16, 1898 | ||
Steam | May 25, 1885 | February 26, 1904 | ||||
Electric | October 10, 1891 | April 19, 1953 | ||||
♦ Bessemer | Steam | May 14, 1890 | February 26, 1904 | |||
Electric | July 25, 1906 | 1915 | City streetcar service absorbed by interurban services. | |||
♦ Birmingham - Bessemer (two lines) | Steam | May 14, 1890 | February 26, 1904 | |||
Electric | June 3, 1902 | July 14, 1952 | ||||
South Calera Street Railway | Calera | Steam | ? | ? | ||
North Alabama Traction Company | Decatur | Horse | ? | ? | ||
Electric | November 1903 | ? | ||||
Eufaula | Steam | ? | ? | |||
Peoples Railroad[3] | Fairhope | Petrol (gasoline) | ? | ? | ||
Alabama Power Company[3] | Gadsden | Mule[4] | 1887 | c. 1888 | ||
Steam | October 1888 | ? | ||||
Electric | June 1889 | January 1934 | ||||
Gadsden, Bellevue and Lookout Mountain Railway[3] | Gadsden | Electric | September 1913[5] | ? | ||
Alabama Power Company | Huntsville | Steam | ? | ? | ||
Electric | ? | February 15, 1931 | Formerly Huntsville Railway, Light and Power Company[2] | |||
Lannett | Steam | ? | ? | Connected Lanett with Bleecker, and West Point, Georgia. | ||
Mobile Light and Railroad Company[3] | Mobile | Horse | 1877 | 1893 | ||
Steam | 1890 | ? | ||||
Electric | January 18, 1893 | 1941 | ||||
Capital City Street Railway | Montgomery | Electric | April 15, 1886 | April 8, 1936 | ||
Opelika & Auburn Electric Railway | Opelika | Steam | ? | ? | Connected Opelika and Auburn. | |
Selma Electric Railway | Selma | Horse | ? | ? | ||
Steam | ? | ? | ||||
Electric | ? | 1924 | ||||
Sheffield Company[3] | Sheffield | Steam | ? | ? | ||
Electric | May 1904 | February 1933 | ||||
Tuscaloosa Railway and Utilities Company | Tuscaloosa | Horse | ? | ? | ||
Steam | ? | ? | ||||
Electric | 1914 | November 1941 | ||||
Union Springs Street Car Company | Union Springs | Horse | ? | ? |
- Peschkes (Part Four, 1998, page 26) states that a company was organized to build a steam tramway in Blountsville but never started construction, and that other sources tabulate this system among those in operation.
Arizona
[edit]Name of System | Location | Traction Type |
Interurban or light rail, if applicable | Date (From) | Date (To) | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Douglas Traction and Light Company[3] | Douglas | Steam | 1903[6] | ? | ||
Electric | 1905[7] | 1920[8][9] | ||||
Phoenix Street Railway[3] | Phoenix (first era) | Horse | November 5, 1887 | June 8, 1895 | ||
Electric | September 28, 1893 | February 16, 1948 | See Phoenix Street Railway. Interurban line to Glendale opened 1911. Planned extensions to Scottsdale, Tempe, and Mesa were never built. | |||
Tempe Street Railway | Tempe (in Phoenix metropolitan area) | Horse | February 22, 1893[10] | February 1898[11] | ||
Valley Metro Rail | Phoenix (second era) | Electric | Light rail | December 27, 2008 | Also serves the Phoenix suburbs of Tempe and Mesa | |
Prescott and Mount Union Railway[2] | Prescott | Electric | May 28, 1904[12][13] | August 1911[14] | Temporary service to Chautauqua fair in June 1912.[15] Cars sold to Douglas in March 1915.[16] | |
Tucson Rapid Transit Company[3] | Tucson (first era) | Horse | 1898 | 1906 | ||
Electric | June 1, 1906 | December 31, 1930 | ||||
Old Pueblo Trolley | Electric | April 17, 1993 | October 2011[17] | Volunteer-operated heritage streetcar using one mile of original track. | ||
Sun Link | Tucson (second era) | Electric | July 25, 2014[18] | Reintroduction | ||
Warren–Bisbee Railway | Warren – Bisbee | Electric | Interurban | March 12, 1908 | May 31, 1928 | Connected Warren and Bisbee. |
Arkansas
[edit]Name of System | Location | Traction Type |
Interurban or light rail, if applicable | Date (From) | Date (To) | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Bentonville | Petrol (gasoline) | June 14, 1914 | June 11, 1916 | |||
Eureka Traction Company[3] | Eureka Springs | Horse | July 14, 1891 | January 1896 | ||
Electric | 1896 | by 1922 | ||||
Fort Smith – Oklahoma Light and Traction Company[19] | Fort Smith | Horse | August 2, 1883 | 1889 | ||
Electric | 1896 | November 15, 1933 | System included interstate line to Arkoma, Oklahoma. See also Fort Smith Trolley Museum, which operates non-transit heritage streetcar service along city streets. | |||
♦ Van Buren | Electric | ? | ? | |||
West Helena Consolidated Company[3] | Helena | Horse | December 1894 | January 1910 | ||
Electric | January 1910 | August 5, 1933 | ||||
Central Arkansas Railway and Light Corporation[3] | Hot Springs | Horse | ? | ? | ||
Electric | ? | 1938 | ||||
Central Power and Light Company[3] | Hoxie – Walnut Ridge | Horse | 1889 | 1905 | ||
Electric | July 1, 1904 | 1928 | ||||
Intercity Terminal Railway[3] | Little Rock (first era) | Horse | 1876 | 1895 | ||
Steam | July 3, 1888 | 1889 | ||||
Electric | December 23, 1891 | September 1, 1947 | Also served North Little Rock, which before 1917 was named Argenta. | |||
Metro Streetcar | Little Rock (second era) | Electric | November 1, 2004 | Heritage streetcar system. Originally called the River Rail Streetcar; renamed Metro Streetcar in 2015. Also serves North Little Rock. | ||
Pine Bluff Company[3] | Pine Bluff | Horse | November 4, 1886 | 1902 | ||
Electric | 1902 | 1934 | ||||
Searcy & West Point Railroad | Searcy | Horse | ? | ? | Connected Searcy with West Point. | |
Stuttgart Improvement Company | Stuttgart | Horse | ? | ? | ||
Sulphur Rock | Horse | 1885 | 1926 | Believed to be the last town tramway operated by horse traction in the U.S. | ||
Southwestern Gas and Electric Company[3] | Texarkana | Horse | 1894 | 1900 | ||
Electric | 1900 | December 31, 1934 | Interstate streetcar system, also served Texarkana, Texas. | |||
Central Power and Light Company[3] | Walnut Ridge | Electric | ? | ? |
California
[edit]Name of System | Location | Traction Type |
Interurban or light rail, if applicable | Date (From) | Date (To) | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
♦ Alameda | Horse | ? | 1892 | |||
Electric | May 7, 1893 | 1930 | ||||
♦ Anaheim | Horse | March 1, 1887 | 1899 | |||
Bakersfield and Kern Electric Railway[3] | Bakersfield | Horse | Streetcar | May 1888 | 1900 | |
Electric | February 17, 1901 | February 28, 1942 | ||||
♦ Berkeley | Horse | 1873 | 1875 | |||
Steam | 1875 | 1891 | ||||
Electric | May 12, 1891 | November 28, 1948 | ||||
Burlingame Electric Railway[2][20] | ♦ Burlingame | Accumulator (storage battery) | February 22, 1913 | November 19, 1917 | ||
Sacramento Northern Railroad[3] | Oroville–Chico–Marysville–Sacramento | Electric | Interurban | August 12, 1904 | November 28, 1948 | |
♦ Coronado | Horse | 1886 | 1886 | |||
Steam | 1886 | 1893 | ||||
Electric | October 6, 1893 | May 31, 1947 | ||||
Humboldt Transit Company[3] | Eureka | Horse | August 20, 1888 | April 30, 1897 | ||
Electric | September 15, 1903 | October 31, 1940 | ||||
Visalia Electric Railroad[3] | Exeter | Electric | Interurban | 1904 | 1944 | |
Diesel | 1944 | 1992 | ||||
Fresno Traction Company[3] | Fresno | Horse | January 25, 1889 | September 1901 | ||
Electric | October 19, 1902 | May 20, 1939 | ||||
Glendale and Montrose Railway[3] | ♦ Glendale | Electric | Interurban | March 13, 1909 | December 30, 1930 | |
♦ Hayward | Horse | ? | September 1, 1909 | |||
♦ Imperial Beach | Petrol (gasoline) | 1910 | 1913 | |||
Accumulator (storage battery) | April 1913 | 1916 | ||||
Lake Elsinore | Electric (?) | ? | ? | Note for Lake Elsinore: Only one source (dated 1888) states that an electric tramway was in operation here. No other sources provide confirmation. | ||
♦ Long Beach | Electric | September 1902 | February 24, 1940 | See Streetcars in Long Beach. Reintroduced (LRT) 14 Jul 1990 as part of Metro Rail's Blue Line. | ||
Los Angeles | Horse | July 1, 1874 | ? | |||
Cable | October 8, 1885 | October 2, 1902 | ||||
Steam | 1886 | c. 1915 | ||||
Los Angeles Railway | Los Angeles | Electric | 1901 | 1963 | Name was changed to Los Angeles Transit Lines in 1945 | |
Pacific Electric | Los Angeles | Electric | Interurban and streetcar | 1901 | 1965 | |
Los Angeles MTA | Los Angeles | Electric | March 3, 1958 | March 31, 1963 | ||
Angels Flight | Los Angeles | Funicular | 1901
1996 |
1969
|
Reopened in 1996 a few blocks away from the original site. | |
Metro Rail (A, E, L and C lines) | Los Angeles | Electric | Light rail | July 14, 1990 | Part of Los Angeles' larger Metro Rail network, which also includes the rapid transit B and D lines. | |
Marysville – Yuba City | Horse | August 17, 1889 | ? | |||
Electric | 1907 | February 15, 1942 | ||||
♦ Monrovia | Horse | ? | 1903 | |||
Monterey and Pacific Grove Railway[3][21] | Monterey – Pacific Grove | Horse | August 5, 1891 | 1905 | ||
Electric | 1905 | December 1923 | ||||
♦ National City | Horse | ? | ? | |||
Nevada County Traction Company[3] | Nevada City – Grass Valley | Electric | Interurban | October 15, 1901 | 1923[22] | |
Oakland | Horse | October 30, 1869 | 1883 | See List of California street railroads | ||
Steam | 1875 | ? | ||||
Cable | November 9, 1886 | May 21, 1899 | ||||
Electric | May 12, 1891 | November 28, 1948 | see also Key System, San Francisco. | |||
Key System | ♦ Oakland – Hayward | Electric | May 17, 1892 | March 10, 1935 | ||
Key System | ♦ Oakland – Richmond | Electric | July 7, 1904 | November 7, 1933 | ||
♦ Ontario – Upland | Horse | 1887 | 1895 | |||
Pacific Electric | Electric | Interurban | 1895 | October 6, 1928 | Formerly Ontario and San Antonio Heights Railroad Company[2] | |
Oxnard | Petrol (gasoline) | 1908 | January 1927 | |||
♦ Palo Alto | Electric | November 14, 1906 | September 27, 1925 | see also San Jose. | ||
♦ Pasadena | Horse | 1886 | 1895 | |||
Electric | 1893 | January 19, 1941 | Reintroduced (LRT) 26 Jul 2003 as part of Metro Rail's Gold Line. | |||
Paso Robles | Horse | ? | 1903 | |||
Petaluma | Horse | 1889 | 1903 | |||
Petaluma and Santa Rosa Railroad[3] | Petaluma – Santa Rosa | Electric | Interurban | March 1, 1905 | July 1, 1932 | Ran from Petaluma to Santa Rosa via Sebastopol and Forestville |
♦ Pomona | Horse | February 10, 1888 | 1896 | |||
Steam | April 1888 | June 1909 | ||||
Electric | July 3, 1909 | July 3, 1924 | ||||
♦ Redlands | Mule | May 23, 1889 | December 19, 1899 | See Streetcars in Redlands | ||
Electric | December 19, 1899 | July 20, 1936 | ||||
East Shore and Suburban Railway | ♦ Richmond | Electric | Streeetcar | 1904[citation needed] | November 6, 1933 | Subsidiary of the Key System |
Shipyard Railway | Electric | Interurban | January 18, 1943 | September 30, 1945 | Operated by the Key System transit company | |
♦ Riverside | Horse | 1887 | 1898 | |||
Steam | 1887 | 1898 | ||||
Electric | April 11, 1899 | January 10, 1943 | ||||
Sacramento (first era) | Horse | August 20, 1870 | c. 1892 | |||
Accumulator (storage battery) | 1887 | c. 1890s | ||||
Sacramento Electric, Gas and Railway Company[2] | Electric | 1890 | 1915 | |||
Pacific Gas and Electric Company[3] | Electric | 1915 | January 4, 1947 | Reintroduced 12 Mar 1987 (see below). | ||
SacRT light rail[23] | Sacramento (second era) | Electric | Light rail | March 12, 1987 | ||
♦ San Bernardino | Steam | 1885 | 1903 | |||
Electric | ? | April 8, 1942 | ||||
San Diego (first era) | Horse | July 3, 1886 | June 30, 1896 | |||
Coronado Beach Railroad Company[24] | Steam | November 29, 1887 | 1892 | |||
San Diego Cable Railway[24] | Cable | June 7, 1890 | October 1, 1892 | |||
San Diego Electric Railway[3][24] | Electric | December 31, 1887
September 21, 1892 |
June 1889
April 24, 1949 |
See San Diego Electric Railway. Reintroduced as LRT, 19 July 1981 (see below). | ||
San Diego Trolley | San Diego (second era) | Electric | Light rail | July 19, 1981 | Operated by MTS, via SDTI.[25] Preceded by the San Diego Electric Railway. | |
♦ San Diego – National City | Electric | December 1, 1907 | January 10, 1930 | |||
San Francisco (first era) | Steam | ? | ? | |||
Horse | ? | ? | ||||
Clay Street Hill Railroad | Cable | September 1, 1873 | September 12, 1891 | The world's first cable car line | ||
Sutter Street Railway | Cable | January 27, 1877 | ? | |||
California Street Cable Railroad | Cable | April 10, 1878 | July 31, 1951 | Purchased by the city of San Francisco in 1952, with one line of the system reopened, and still in service. | ||
Geary Street, Park and Ocean Railway | Cable | February 16, 1880 | May 6, 1912 | |||
San Francisco cable car system[26] | San Francisco | Cable | 1878 | |||
Muni Metro | Electric | Light rail (after 1980s upgrades) | c. July 29, 1891
1917 (1980) |
Renovated as partially "light rail" in 1980–1982.[26] See: San Francisco Municipal Railway. See also: Key System, Oakland. | ||
F Market & Wharves and E Embarcadero | Electric | September 1, 1995 | Heritage streetcar | |||
Peninsular Railway[3] | San Jose (first era) | Horse | ? | ? | ||
Steam | 1896 | September 1901 | ||||
Electric | May 16, 1888 | April 10, 1938 | Reintroduced as LRT, 11 Dec 1987 (see below). | |||
San Jose (second era) | Electric | Light rail | December 11, 1987[27][28] | LRT[29] (see VTA light rail). | ||
San Luis Obispo | Horse | 1888 | 1901 | |||
♦ San Pedro | Electric | 1905 | January 23, 1938 | see Streetcars in San Pedro. Reopened as a Heritage streetcar (see below) | ||
Port of Los Angeles Waterfront Red Car Line | Electric | July 12, 2003 | September 27, 2015 | Heritage streetcar[30] | ||
♦ Santa Ana – Orange | Steam | 1897 | 1914 | |||
Electric | February 10, 1906 | September 14, 1930 | ||||
Santa Barbara and Suburban Railway | Santa Barbara | Horse | 1875 | 1896 | See Streetcars in Santa Barbara, California | |
Electric | October 1, 1896 | June 30, 1929 | ||||
Union Traction Company[3] | Santa Cruz | Horse | August 3, 1875
October 1908 |
1899
July 1910 |
||
Electric | ? | January 14, 1926 | ||||
Santa Maria | Horse | ? | ? | |||
♦ Santa Monica | Horse | 1891 | 1906 | |||
Electric | July 1, 1896 | December 13, 1929 | ||||
Santa Rosa | Horse | 1877 | 1905 | |||
♦ South San Francisco | Electric | 1902 | December 31, 1938 | |||
Stockton Electric Railroad[3] | Stockton | Horse | April 6, 1874 | 1892 | ||
Electric | July 13, 1892 | September 1941 | ||||
Vallejo | Horse | ? | ? | |||
San Francisco, Napa and Calistoga Railway | Vallejo – Calistoga | Electric | Interurban | 1905 | 1937 | Ran from Vallejo to Calistoga via Napa, Yountville, Oakville, Rutherford and St. Helena |
Watsonville Railway and Navigation Company[2] | Watsonville | Electric | Interurban | May 1904
April 1911 |
1907
October 1913 |
|
Woodland | Horse | ? | ? |
Colorado
[edit]Name of System | Location | Traction Type |
Interurban or light rail, if applicable | Date (From) | Date (To) | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Aspen City Railway[31]: 56 [32]: 62–65 | Aspen | Horse | June 1890 | 1893 | ||
Boulder Street Railway[31]: 43 [32]: 67–74 | Boulder | Horse | 1891 | 1892 | ||
Electric | June 24, 1899 | 1931 | ||||
Colorado Springs | Horse | 1887 | 1890 | |||
Colorado Springs and Interurban Railway[32]: 76–89 | Accumulator (storage battery)[citation needed] | 1890 | ? | |||
Electric | 1890 | April 30, 1932 | ||||
Colorado Springs ― ♦ Manitou Springs | Electric | Interurban | 1890 | April 30, 1932 | ||
Colorado Springs & Cripple Creek District Railway[32]: 91–100 | Cripple Creek ― Victor | Electric | Interurban | January 3, 1898 | May 16, 1920 | |
Denver Tramway | ♦ Denver (first era) | Horse | December 17, 1871[32]: 106 | 1899 | ||
Cable | December 19, 1888[32]: 118 | April 1, 1900 | ||||
Electric | July 31, 1886[32]: 117 | July 2, 1950[32]: 141 | ||||
Denver & Interurban Railroad[32]: 200–211 | ♦ Denver ― ♦ Boulder | Electric | Interurban | June 23, 1908 | December 15, 1926 | |
Denver & Northwestern Railway[32]: 187–198 | ♦ Denver ― Arvada ― ♦ Golden | Electric | Interurban | April 9, 1904 | July 1, 1950 | |
Denver & South Platte Railway[32]: 262–270 | ♦ Denver ― ♦ Englewood ― Littleton | Electric | Interurban | September 24, 1907 | May 7, 1926 | |
Denver & Inter-Mountain Railroad[32]: 174–186 | ♦ Denver ― Lakewood ― ♦ Golden | Steam | September 1891 | 1909 | ||
Electric | February 22, 1909 | June 3, 1950 | ||||
RTD Light Rail | Denver (second era) | Electric | Light rail | October 7, 1994 | Currently operates six light rail lines. | |
Durango Suburban Street Railway[32]: 213–219 | Durango | Horse | August 1891 | 1892 | ||
Electric | 1892 | October 1920 | ||||
♦ Englewood | Horse | 1892 | 1910 | Two horsecar companies operated in Englewood: the Cherrelyn Gravity & Bronco Railroad and the Loretto Heights Railway.[32]: 219–224 | ||
Florence | Electric | N/A | N/A | Tramway line built and two cars purchased, but public service was not started.[31] : 58 | ||
Fort Collins Municipal Railway | Fort Collins | Electric | December 29, 1907
December 29, 1984 |
June 30, 1951
|
Heritage streetcar service opened December 29, 1984,[33] using the same name as the former system. | |
Grand Junction Street Railway[32]: 238–240 | Grand Junction | Horse | September 1890 | August 1902 | ||
Grand River Valley Railway[32] : 240–248 | Electric | May 22, 1909 | October 29, 1926 | |||
Grand Junction ― Fruita | Electric | Interurban | July 14, 1910 | October 31, 1928 | ||
Greeley & Denver Railroad[32]: 251 | Greeley | Electric | May 30, 1910 | December 26, 1922 | ||
Leadville Street Railroad[32]: 258–260 | Leadville | Horse | July 31, 1881 | July 1882 | ||
Pueblo Street Railroad[32]: 272–274 | Pueblo | Horse | 1879 | 1890 | ||
Pueblo Electric Street Railway[32]: 274–280 | Electric | June 12, 1890 | November 29, 1947 | |||
Manitou Electric Railway & Casino Co.[32] | ♦ Manitou Springs | Electric | 1895 | 1928 | ||
Trinidad Street Railway[32]: 284–285 | Trinidad | Horse | 1882 | 1893 | ||
Trinidad Electric Railway[32]: 286–290 | Electric | April 28, 1904 | 1922 |
Peschkes (Part Four, 1998, Page 59) states that, despite various evidence, the following town did not have a tramway:
Connecticut
[edit]Name of System | Location | Traction Type |
Interurban or light rail, if applicable | Date (From) | Date (To) | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Bridgeport | Horse | c. 1880s | ? | |||
Electric | ? | 1937 | ||||
Bristol | Electric | c. 1890s | August 1, 1935 | |||
Danbury | Horse | c. 1880s | ? | |||
Electric | ? | 1926 | ||||
Derby | Horse | c. 1880s | ? | |||
Electric | ? | 1937 | ||||
Greenwich | Electric | c. 1890s | 1927 | |||
Groton | Electric | 1904 | 1928 | |||
Groton and Stonington Street Railway | Groton - Westerly, Rhode Island | Electric | Interurban | 1904 | 1928 | |
Connecticut Company | Hartford | Horse | May 3, 1863 | 1892 | ||
Electric | 1888 | July 27, 1941 | ||||
Meriden | Horse | c. 1870s | ? | |||
Electric | ? | 1931 | ||||
Middletown | Horse | c. 1870s | ? | |||
Electric | ? | 1929 | ||||
Milford | Electric | c. 1890s | November 27, 1937 | |||
Mystic | Horse | c. 1870s | ? | |||
Electric | c. 1900s | ? | ||||
New Britain | Horse | c. 1880s | ? | |||
Electric | ? | 1937 | ||||
New Haven | Horse | May 6, 1861 | ? | |||
Electric | 1892[34] | September 25, 1948 | ||||
New London | Horse | c. 1870s | ? | |||
Electric | ? | 1934 | ||||
Norwalk | Horse | c. 1860s | ? | |||
Electric | ? | 1935 | ||||
Norwich | Horse | c. 1870s | ? | |||
Electric | c. 1880s | 1936 | ||||
Norwich and Westerly Railway | Norwich - Westerly, Rhode Island | Electric | Interurban | August 18, 1906 | December 31, 1922 | Ran from Norwich to Westerly via Preston, Ledyard, North Stonington and Pawcatuck |
Stamford | Horse | 1887 | ? | |||
Electric | 1894 | 1933 | ||||
Stratford | Horse | c. 1880s | ? | |||
Electric | ? | 1934 | ||||
Torrington | Electric | c. 1890s | 1929 | |||
Wallingford | Electric | ? | 1937 | |||
Waterbury | Horse | c. 1880s | ? | |||
Electric | ? | 1937 | ||||
Willimantic | Horse | c. 1880s | ? | |||
Electric | 1903 | 1936 |
Delaware
[edit]Name of System | Location | Traction Type |
Interurban or light rail, if applicable | Date (From) | Date (To) | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Middletown – Odessa | Steam | 1906 | 1909 | |||
Wilmington | Horse | June 30, 1864 | ? | |||
Electric | 1888 | 1940 |
District of Columbia
[edit]Name of System | Location | Traction Type |
Interurban or light rail, if applicable | Date (From) | Date (To) | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Washington (first era) | Horse | July 29, 1862 | 26 May 1900 | |||
Cable | April 12, 1890 | July 23, 1899 | ||||
Electric | October 17, 1888 | January 28, 1962 | See: Streetcars in Washington, D.C., Northern Virginia trolleys.
See also Notes below. | |||
DC Streetcar | Washington (second era) | Electric | February 27, 2016[35] | Reintroduction; see DC Streetcar. |
- Notes for Washington, D.C.:
- Operation into Maryland, September 16, 1892 – January 2, 1960.
- Operation into Virginia, 1923 – August 25, 1956.
Florida
[edit]Name of system | Location | Traction type |
Interurban or light rail, if applicable | Date (from) | Date (to) | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Altamonte Springs | Horse | ? | ? | |||
Arcadia Street Railway and Improvement Company | Arcadia | Horse | c. 1881 | ? | [36][37] | |
Avon Park | Horse | ? | ? | Connected Avon Park and Pabor Lake. | ||
Bartow Street Railway | Bartow | Horse | August 5, 1885 | ? | ||
Manatee Light & Traction Company: | Bradenton | Electric | Interurban between Manatee and Bradenton | 1903 | 1905 | |
Coral Gables Rapid Transit | ♦ Coral Gables | Electric High Speed Interurban | April 30, 1925 | November 3, 1935 | ||
Central of Florida Railway Company | Daytona Beach | Accumulator (storage battery) | ? | 1918 | Daytona, Daytona Beach, and Seabreeze were separate cities at this time. The rail company built the original Broadway Bridge for its trolleys.[38][39] | |
Everglades | Accumulator (storage battery) | ? | 1929 | [40] | ||
Fernandina and Amelia Beach Railway | Fernandina Beach | Electric | 1902 | 1915 | [41] | |
Fernandina Beach Municipal Railway's | Fernandina Beach | Electric | 1916 Summer Season Only | 1916 Summer Season Only | [41] | |
Fort Meade Street Car Company | Fort Meade | Horse | January 1, 1887 | 1913 | [42] | |
Gainesville Street Railway | Gainesville | Horse | ? | ? | ||
Green Cove Street Railway | Green Cove Springs | Horse | August 3, 1891 | ? | Connected Green Cove Springs and Magnolia Springs, bridging Governors Creek, served all railroad stations and steamboat docks.[43] | |
Jacksonville Street Railway | ♦Jacksonville | Horse | 1880 | May 1895 | Various companies consolidated to create Florida's largest streetcar system.[44] | |
Electric | February 24, 1893 | December 12, 1936[44] | ||||
Jacksonville and LaVilla Street Railway | Horse | January 24, 1885 | 1895[44] | |||
Pine Street Railway | Horse | 1882 | Name Changed to Main Street Railway when the street name was changed by the city. | |||
Main Street Railway | Horse | 1882 | 1902 | |||
Electric | February 24, 1893 | December 12, 1936 | ||||
North Jacksonville Street Railway, Town and Improvement Company | Electric | July 1, 1902 | March 31, 1911 Merged to for Jacksonville Traction Company.[44] | |||
Jacksonville and Suburban Railway | Horse | July 1, 1882 | 1887[44] | |||
Jacksonville Electric Company | Electric | 1902 Formed in merger of the Main Street Ry and the Jacksonville Street Railway | March 31, 1911 Merged to for Jacksonville Traction Company.[44] | |||
South Jacksonville Municipal Railways | Electric | May 15, 1924 | Operated by the Jacksonville Traction Company until its demise December 12, 1936.[44] | |||
Ortega Traction Company | Electric | May 1905 | c. 1909 Folded into the Jacksonville Traction Company.[44] | |||
Duval Traction Company | Electric | 1918 for the Camp Johnston Extension | Operated by the Jacksonville Traction Company until its demise December 12, 1936.[44] | |||
Jacksonville Traction Company | ♦Jacksonville | Electric | Express Trolley to Camp Johnston and San Jose along former Interurban route | March 31, 1911 | 1932 | Sold to Motor Transit Corp a subsidiary of the National City Lines/General Motors Cabal, they phased out services until closure on 12 Dec 1936.[44] |
Key West Electric Company | Key West | Horse | 1881 | ? | ||
Electric | ? | June 10, 1926 | ||||
Leesburg Transfer Company | Leesburg | Horse | October 31, 1884 | ? | Two miles (3.2 km) of 3 ft (914 mm) gauge wooden strap rail track that connected depots with steamer arrival points via Main and Canal Streets. | |
Miami Traction Company | Miami | Accumulator (storage battery) | 1915 | 1921 | ||
Electric | 1st time: July 25, 1906[45]
2nd time: January 7, 1922 |
1st time: September 3, 1907
2nd time: November 14, 1940 |
||||
Miami Beach Railway Co. | ♦ Miami Beach | Electric | December 1920 | October 17, 1939 | ||
Mulberry | Horse | ? | ? | |||
IMC Agrico Phosphates Co. | Mulberry | Electric | Trolley Freight only | ? | ? | [46] |
Ocala Street and Suburban Railroad | ♦ Ocala | Horse | 1888 | April 1900 | ||
Silver Springs and Western | ♦ Ocala | Horse and Steam Dummy | Interurban services between Ocala and Silver Springs | ? | ? | Connected Ocala and Silver Springs. |
Orlando Street Railway | ♦ Orlando | Horse | ? | ? | ||
Orlando and Winter Park Railway | ♦ Orlando – Winter Park | Steam Dummy Line | Interurban service between Orlando, Winter Park and Oviedo | ? | ? | known as the Dinky Line, later part of East Florida and Atlantic Railroad, later part of Seaboard Air Line Railroad, later part of SCL |
Florida East Coast (The Ormond Hotel tram) | Ormond Beach | Horse | 1915 | ? | ||
Palatka and Heights Street Railway | Palatka | Horse | ? | ? | [47] | |
Florida East Coast (The Royal Poinciana-Breakers Hotel tram) | ♦ Palm Beach | Horse | c. 1896 | c. 1928 | ||
Panacea | Horse | ? | ? | Connected Panacea and Sopchoppy. | ||
Pensacola Electric Terminal Company | Pensacola | Electric | City and Interurban to Warrington and Navy Yard | ? | Jun 1932 | |
St Augustine and South Beach Railway | ♦St. Augustine | Horse | ? | ? | ||
Steam | ? | ? | ||||
Electric | Early Interurban through Salt Marshes | ? | ? | [48] | ||
St. Augustine Light and Power | ♦St. Augustine | Electric | Interurban with freight to Anastasia Island and Beaches | ? | 1930 | [49] |
St. Petersburg Municipal Railways | St. Petersburg | Electric | ? | 1949 | ||
Sanford Traction Company | Sanford | Petrol (gasoline) | Interurban to Beck Hammock and Cameron City | 1908 | ? | Under the same ownership as the Sanford and Everglades Railroad[50] |
Tallahassee | Horse | ? | ? | |||
Tampa Street Railway | ♦ Tampa (First Streetcar Era) | Horse and Steam | 1885 | 1892 | [51] | |
Tampa Street Railway and Power Company | ♦Tampa | Electric | 1893 | 1894 | [51] | |
The Consumers Electric Light and Street Railway Company | ♦Tampa | Electric | c. 1890s | 1899 | [51] | |
Tampa Electric Company TECO | ♦ Tampa | Electric | 1899 | 1946 | [51] | |
TECO Line Streetcar | ♦ Tampa (second era) | Electric | October 21, 2002 | Heritage streetcar system[52] operated by the Hillsborough Transit Authority. | ||
Winter Park Company | ♦ Winter Park | Mule | February 6, 1885 | 1903 |
Georgia
[edit]Name of System | Location | Traction Type |
Interurban or light rail, if applicable | Date (From) | Date (To) | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Albany | Horse | ? | ? | |||
Albany Transit Company[53] | Electric | 1912 | 1920 | |||
Americus | Electric | 1891 | 1893 | |||
Athens | Horse | ? | ? | |||
Electric | ? | 1930 | ||||
Atlanta (first era) | Horse | September 8, 1871 | ? | See Streetcars in Atlanta. | ||
Steam | 1887 | ? | ||||
Electric | August 23, 1889 | April 17, 1949 | ||||
Atlanta Streetcar | Atlanta (second era) | Electric | December 30, 2014[54] | Modern streetcar line – Downtown Loop: construction began early 2012,[55] with line opening December 30, 2014.[54] | ||
Augusta | Horse | ? | ? | |||
Electric | ? | 1937 | ||||
Brunswick | Horse | ? | ? | |||
Steam | ? | ? | ||||
Electric | 1909 | 1924 | ||||
Cedartown | Horse | ? | ? | |||
Clarkesville | Horse | ? | 1918 | |||
Columbus | Horse | ? | ? | |||
Steam | ? | ? | ||||
Electric | ? | 1935 | System included interstate line to Phenix City, Alabama. | |||
Covington | Horse | ? | 1918 | |||
Cumberland Island | Horse | ? | ? | |||
♦ Fairburn | Petrol (gasoline) | ? | 1925 | |||
Gainesville | Horse | ? | ? | |||
Electric | ? | April 4, 1925 | ||||
Griffin | Horse | ? | ? | |||
Macon | Horse | ? | ? | |||
Electric | ? | 1935 | ||||
Milledgeville | Horse | ? | ? | |||
Steam | ? | ? | ||||
Accumulator (storage battery) | ? | June 13, 1914 | ||||
Rome | Horse | ? | ? | |||
Steam | ? | ? | ||||
Electric | ? | 1931 | ||||
St. Marys | Horse | ? | ? | |||
St. Simons | Horse | ? | ? | |||
Steam | ? | ? | ||||
Petrol (gasoline) | ? | ? | ||||
Savannah | Horse | 1869[56] | ? | |||
Steam | ? | 1892[56] | ||||
Electric | 1890[56] | 1946[56] | Heritage streetcar service (the River Street Streetcar) with limited days and hours of operation opened 11 February 2009. | |||
Talapoosa | Horse | ? | ? | |||
Accumulator (storage battery) | ? | ? | ||||
Valdosta | Horse | ? | ? | |||
Electric | ? | 1934 | ||||
Washington | Horse | ? | 1916 | |||
Waycross | Horse | ? | ? | |||
Electric | ? | 1917 |
Peschkes (Part Four, 1998, Page 44) states that, despite the assumption of another historian, there is no evidence for tramways in the following towns:
Hawaii
[edit]Name of System | Location | Traction Type |
Interurban or light rail, if applicable | Date (From) | Date (To) | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Honolulu | Horse | December 28, 1888 | ? | |||
Electric | 1900 | July 1, 1941 | Note: New light rail line under construction. |
Idaho
[edit]Name of System | Location | Traction Type |
Interurban or light rail, if applicable | Date (From) | Date (To) | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Boise Valley Traction Company | Boise | Horse | 1887 | ? | ||
Electric | Interurban | 1891 | 1928 | |||
Caldwell Traction Company | Caldwell | Electric | Interurban | 1907 | 1928 | |
Lewiston–Clarkston Transit Company | Lewiston | Electric | Interurban | May 3, 1915 | August 3, 1929 | Interstate tramway, extended between Lewiston and Clarkston, Washington. |
Sandpoint and Interurban Railway | Sandpoint | Electric | Interurban | April 1910 | 1917 |
Illinois
[edit]Name of System | Location | Traction Type |
Interurban or light rail, if applicable | Date (From) | Date (To) | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Alton Granite & St. Louis | Alton | Horse | ? | ? | ||
Electric | ? | 1932 | ||||
Anna – Jonesboro | Electric | 1907 | 1925 | |||
Aurora, Elgin and Fox River Electric | Aurora | Horse | 1884 | ? | ||
Electric | 1891 | November 17, 1934 | ||||
♦ Belleville | Horse | ? | ? | |||
Electric | ? | 1932 | Reintroduced (St. Louis LRT) 2001. | |||
Elgin and Belvidere Electric Company | Belvidere | Electric | 1895 | June 30, 1915 | ||
Bloomington & Normal Railway & Light | Bloomington – Normal | Horse | 1867 | 1892 | ||
Electric | 1892 | 1936 | ||||
♦ Blue Island | Electric | ? | ? | |||
Cairo Railway & Light | Cairo | Horse | 1881 | 1892 | ||
Electric | 1891 | 1933 | ||||
Illinois Central Electric Railway | Canton | Gas | ? | ? | "Gas" refers to town gas, not petrol (gasoline). | |
Electric | 1907 | July 25, 1928 | ||||
Centralia | Horse | ? | ? | |||
Electric | 1892 | 1929 | ||||
Champaign – Urbana | Horse | 1863 | ? | |||
Electric | 1890 | 1936 | ||||
Charleston | Electric | 1904 | 1925 | |||
Chicago Transit Authority | Chicago | Horse | 1858 | 1906 | ||
Cable | January 28, 1882 | October 21, 1906 | ||||
Electric | October 21, 1890 | June 21, 1958 | See Chicago Surface Lines. See also Hammond, Indiana | |||
♦ Chicago Heights | Electric | ? | ? | |||
Chillicothe | Horse | ? | ? | |||
Chicago and West Towns Railway | ♦ Cicero – Berwyn | Horse | ? | ? | Also experimental operation with steam and gas (town gas) traction. | |
Electric | ? | April 10, 1948 | ||||
Danville | Horse | ? | ? | |||
Electric | 1891 | 1936 | ||||
Decatur | Horse | 1876 | ? | |||
Electric | ? | 1936 | ||||
DeKalb | Electric | ? | ? | |||
♦ Dixon | Electric | May 1904 | September 17, 1925 | |||
Du Quoin | Horse | 1890 | 1898 | Connected Du Quoin and St. Johns. | ||
East St. Louis & Suburban | East St. Louis | Electric | ? | 1935 | System operated interstate tramway services to St. Louis, Missouri. Reintroduced (St. Louis LRT) 1993. | |
Aurora, Elgin and Fox River Electric | Elgin | Horse | 1884 | ? | ||
Electric | ? | ? | ||||
Evanston Railway Company | ♦ Evanston | Electric | ? | 1935 | ||
Freeport Railway Light & Power | Freeport | Horse | ? | ? | ||
Electric | 1891 | 1933 | ||||
Galesburg Railway Company | ♦ Galesburg | Horse | 1885 | ? | ||
Electric | ? | 1931 | ||||
♦ Granite City | Electric | ? | 1958 | Interstate suburban line from St. Louis, Missouri. | ||
Harrisburg | Electric | 1913 | 1933 | |||
♦ Harvey | Electric | 1892 | c. 1890s | |||
Hillsboro | Electric | 1906 | ? | Interurban served Hillsboro & Litchfield | ||
Jacksonville | Horse | 1867 | ? | |||
Electric | ? | 1930 | ||||
Joliet | Horse | ? | ? | |||
Electric | ? | 1934 | ||||
Kankakee Electric Railway | Kankakee | Electric | 1891 | 1931 | ||
Kewanee | Electric | ? | February 1936 | |||
LaSalle – Peru | Steam | ? | ? | |||
Electric | 1891 | 1926 | ||||
Lincoln | Electric | December 25, 1891 | 1929 | |||
Mattoon Street Railway | Mattoon | Electric | 1904 | 1927 | ||
Mechanicsburg – Buffalo | Horse | ? | ? | |||
Electric | ? | ? | ||||
Moline Central Street Railway | ♦ Moline | Horse | 1884 | 1901 | ||
Union Street Railway | Steam | 1886 | 1892 | |||
Electric | 1889 | 1906 | Multiple electric streetcars operated in Moline before consolidation into the Tri-City Railway & Light Co. in March 1906. | |||
Rock Island Southern | Monmouth ― ♦ Galesburg | Electric | Interurban | 1906 | 1926 | |
Monmouth ― ♦ Rock Island | Electric | Interurban | 1910 | 1926 | ||
City Railway Company of Mt. Vernon | Mount Vernon | Electric | 1914 | 1916 | ||
Murphysboro | Electric | 1903 | 1927 | |||
Ottawa | Electric | 1889 | 1934 | |||
Paris | Electric | ? | 1928 | |||
Pekin Municipal Railway | Pekin | Horse | ? | ? | ||
Electric | ? | November 11, 1935 | ||||
Illinois Power Company | Peoria | Horse | 1870 | ? | ||
Electric | ? | 1946 | ||||
Pontiac | Electric | April 23, 1905 | November 24, 1925 | |||
Princeton | Electric | 1906 | 1929 | |||
Quincy | Horse | 1867 | ? | |||
Electric | ? | 1930 | ||||
Rockford Public Service | Rockford | Horse | 1881 | 1889 | ||
Electric | 1889 | September 3, 1936 | ||||
♦ Rock Island | Horse | 1866 | 1895 | Multiple companies operated horsecar lines in the city. | ||
Rock Island & Milan Street Railway | Steam | 1886 | 1895 | |||
Electric | 1890 | March 1906 | Multiple electric streetcars operated in Rock Island before consolidation into the Tri-City Railway & Light Co. in March 1906. | |||
Tri-City Railway & Light Co.[57]: 226 | ♦ Rock Island ― ♦ Moline ― Silvis ― Milan ― ♦ Davenport (Iow.) | Electric | Interurban | 1895 | April 15, 1940 | |
Illinois Power Company | Springfield | Horse | 1865 | ? | ||
Electric | 1893 | December 27, 1937 | ||||
Sterling | Electric | May 1904 | September 17, 1925 | |||
Streator | Electric | 1891
1898 |
1896
1912 |
|||
Taylorville Railway Light Heat & Power | Taylorville | Electric | 1909 | 1925 | ||
Keokuk Electric Car & Power Co.[57]: 173 | Warsaw ― Hamilton ― Keokuk (Ill.) | Electric | Interurban | October 4, 1903 | May 15, 1928 | |
Bluff City Electric Railway[58] | Waukegan | Electric | 1891 | 1947 | See the Chicago North Shore and Milwaukee Railroad in which the Bluff City Electric Railway was a subsidiare.[59] | |
Chicago, Elgin, and Aurora | Wheaton, Il | Electric |
Indiana
[edit]Name of System | Location | Traction Type |
Interurban or light rail, if applicable | Date (From) | Date (To) | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Anderson | Horse | ? | August 14, 1892 | |||
Electric[60] | ? | November 13, 1937 | ||||
Angola | Electric | 1904 | 1918 | |||
Brazil | Electric | ? | ? | |||
Brownstown | Horse | 1892 | 1916 | |||
Columbus | Horse | ? | ? | |||
Electric | 1892 | July 28, 1929 | ||||
Crawfordsville | Electric | ? | October 31, 1922 | |||
Hammond, Whiting and East Chicago Railway | ♦ East Chicago | Electric | May 15, 1893 | 1940 | Also served Whiting. | |
Northern Indiana Railway | Elkhart | Horse | ? | ? | ||
Electric | 1891
May 15, 1894 |
1891
Jun 2, 1934 |
||||
Elwood | Electric | September 6, 1893 | August 1, 1924 | |||
Evansville | Horse | 1886 | 1894 | |||
Electric | September 15, 1892 | 1939 | ||||
Fort Wayne | Horse | January 6, 1872 | August 9, 1894 | |||
Electric | August 7, 1892 | June 27, 1947 | ||||
French Lick – West Baden Springs | Electric | November 9, 1903 | July 18, 1919 | |||
Gary Railways | Gary | Electric | May 20, 1908 | 1947 | Also served Hobart | |
Goshen | Electric | July 4, 1896 | 1920 | |||
Greencastle | Horse | ? | ? | |||
Hammond, Whiting and East Chicago Railway | Hammond | Electric | May 15, 1893 | 1946 | Operated interstate service to Chicago, Illinois. | |
Huntington | Electric | 1902 | 1910 | |||
Citizens' Street Railway Company[61] | Indianapolis | Horse | October 3, 1864 | 1894 | see Streetcars in Indianapolis | |
Indianapolis Street Railway Company[61] | Electric | June 18, 1890 | January 11, 1953 | |||
♦ Jeffersonville | Electric | 1888 | 1934 | |||
Kokomo | Electric | December 15, 1891 | April 17, 1932 | |||
La Porte | Electric | July 1, 1902 | 1918 | |||
Lafayette | Horse | 1868
1884 |
c. 1870s
1889 |
|||
Electric | October 30, 1888 | March 14, 1940 | ||||
Logansport | Horse | 1882 | 1896 | |||
Electric | October 1, 1891 | April 29, 1932 | ||||
Madison | Horse | c. 1880s | ? | |||
Electric | June 20, 1898 | June 30, 1918 | ||||
Marion | Horse | c. 1880s | ? | |||
Electric | August 1, 1893 | June 26, 1947 | ||||
Northern Indiana Railway | Michigan City | Electric | c. 1890s | 1932 | ||
Mount Vernon | Horse | ? | ? | |||
Muncie | Steam | ? | ? | |||
Electric | September 1, 1892 | 1932 | ||||
New Albany | Electric | 1891 | January 21, 1946 | See also Louisville, Kentucky. | ||
New Castle | Electric | ? | October 31, 1922 | |||
Peru | Electric | August 3, 1901 | September 30, 1934 | |||
Richmond | Horse | ? | ? | |||
Electric | September 6, 1889 | 1938 | ||||
Northern Indiana Railway | ♦ South Bend | Horse | May 27, 1885 | ? | ||
Electric | January 15, 1885
1889 |
?
June 15, 1940 |
Experimental operation in 1882. System also served Mishawaka. | |||
Terre Haute | Horse | ? | ? | |||
Electric | ? | January 6, 1940 | ||||
Vincennes | Horse | 1881 | ? | |||
Electric | September 8, 1891 | July 1, 1938 | ||||
Wabash | Electric | August 3, 1901 | August 1, 1931 | |||
Warsaw | Electric | ? | 1938 | |||
Washington | Horse | ? | ? | |||
Electric | 1894 | October 31, 1935 |
Iowa
[edit]Name of System | Location | Traction Type |
Interurban or light rail, if applicable | Date (From) | Date (To) | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Albia Interurban Railway[57]: 181 [62] | ♦ Albia | Electric | December 18, 1907 | 1922 | ||
♦ Albia ― Hiteman | Electric | Interurban | 1908 | June 1924 | ||
♦ Albia ― Hocking | Electric | Interurban | 1907 | 1925 | ||
Ames & College Railway[63][57]: 97 | Ames | Steam | July 4, 1891 | May 1, 1906 | ||
Fort Dodge, Des Moines & Southern Railroad[64][57]: 97–98 | Ames ― Kelley | Electric | Interurban | June 29, 1907 | July 1929 | |
Boone & Boonesboro Street Railway[57]: 42 | ♦ Boone | Horse | 1883 | c. 1890s | ||
Boone Suburban Electric Railway[57]: 42 | Electric | November 14, 1899 | May 19, 1925 | |||
Burlington | Horse | January 1, 1874 | c. 1890s | Multiple companies operated horsecar lines in the city.[57]: 57 | ||
Union Street Railway[57]: 57–58 | Electric | May 30, 1891 | 1929 | |||
Cedar Falls & Normal Railway[57]: 191–192 | ♦ Cedar Falls | Electric | December 14, 1897 | May 18, 1941 | ||
Cedar Rapids & Marion Railway[57]: 243–244 | ♦ Cedar Rapids | Horse | 1880 | 1892 | ||
Cedar Rapids & Iowa City Railways[57]: 9–10 | ♦ Cedar Rapids ― ♦ Iowa City | Electric | Interurban | June 6, 1904 | May 30, 1953 | |
♦ Cedar Rapids ― Lisbon | Electric | Interurban | March 14, 1914 | July 27, 1928 | ||
Cedar Rapids & Marion Railway | ♦ Cedar Rapids ― Marion | Steam | Interurban | May 3, 1880 | 1892 | |
Electric | Interurban | December 13, 1891 | November 13, 1937 | |||
Peoples' Street Railway Co.[57]: 47 | Centerville | Horse | 1887 | 1902 | ||
Iowa Southern Utilities Co.[57]: 47–48 | Electric | 1902 | April 25, 1925 | |||
Centerville ― Mystic | Electric | Interurban | April 22, 1910 | Mar 1933 | ||
Centerville ― ♦ Albia | Electric | Interurban | August 1914 | March 1933 | Operated on the Albia Interurban Railway's tracks in Albia city limits. | |
Charles City Western Railway[57]: 251–252 | Charles City ― Marble Rock | Petrol (gasoline) | Interurban | January 1, 1911 | 1915 | |
Charles City ― Marble Rock ― Colwell | Electric | Interurban | July 30, 1915 | July 19, 1952 | ||
Charles City | Electric | 1915 | 1921 | |||
Clinton & Lyons Horse Railway[57]: 176 | ♦ Clinton | Horse | December 6, 1869 | 1891 | ||
Clinton Street Railway[57]: 176–177 | Electric | 1890 | May 25, 1937 | |||
Colfax Springs Railway[57]: 93 | Colfax | Electric | 1909 | 1920 | ||
Broadway Street Railway[57]: 131 | Council Bluffs | Horse | 1869 | ? | ||
Steam[57]: 131 | July 1888 | 1899 | ||||
Omaha & Council Bluffs Railway[57]: 131–133 | Council Bluffs ― Omaha (Neb.) | Electric | Interurban | December 1887 | September 15, 1948 | |
♦ Davenport | Horse | March 2, 1869 | c. 1890s | Multiple companies operated horsecar lines in the city.[57]: 225 | ||
Davenport Central Railway[57]: 225 | Steam | 1878 | 1888 | |||
Tri-City Railway & Light Co.[57]: 226 | Electric | August 6, 1888 | October 1936 | |||
Clinton, Davenport & Muscatine Railway[57]: 233–234 | ♦ Davenport ― Clinton | Electric | Interurban | November 20, 1904 | March 31, 1940 | Chartered as the Iowa & Illinois Railway and acquired by the CD&MR in 1916. |
♦ Davenport ― Muscatine | Electric | Interurban | August 1, 1912 | November 8, 1938 | Chartered as the Davenport & Muscatine Railway and acquired by the CD&MR in 1916. | |
Tri-City Railway & Light Co.[57]: 226 | ♦ Davenport ― Rock Island (Ill.) ― Milan (Ill.) ― Moline (Ill.) ― Silvis (Ill.) | Electric | Interurban | 1895 | April 15, 1940 | |
♦ Des Moines | Horse | January 11, 1868 | 1889 | Multiple companies operated horsecar lines in the city.[57]: 61 | ||
Belt Line Railway[57]: 61 | Steam | 1888 | 1889 | |||
Des Moines City Railway[57]: 61–62 | Electric | December 19, 1888 | March 6, 1951 | |||
Fort Dodge, Des Moines & Southern Railroad[57]: 100–103 | ♦ Des Moines ― ♦ Boone | Electric | Interurban | 1906 | August 31, 1955 | |
Des Moines & Central Iowa Railway[57]: 77–78 | ♦ Des Moines ― Colfax | Electric | Interurban | February 1903 | August 2, 1941 | |
♦ Des Moines ― Perry | Electric | Interurban | November 1906 | September 28, 1949 | ||
Dubuque Street Railway[57]: 163 | Dubuque | Horse | May 23, 1868 | 1889 | ||
Hill Street & West Dubuque Steam Railway[57]: 163 | Steam | July 12, 1877 | 1884 | |||
Dubuque Electric Co.[57]: 163–164 | Electric | December 25, 1889 | July 4, 1932 | |||
Fenlon Place Elevator | Funicular | 1893 | ||||
Fort Dodge, Des Moines & Southern Railroad[57]: 96–97 | Fort Dodge | Electric | 1896 | November 14, 1925 | ||
Fort Dodge ― ♦ Boone | Electric | Interurban | 1907 | August 31, 1955 | ||
Fort Dodge ― Lehigh ― Webster City | Electric | Interurban | 1917 | 1925 | ||
Fort Dodge ― Rockwell City | Electric | Interurban | 1916 | August 25, 1926 | ||
Fort Madison Street Railway[57]: 169–170 | Fort Madison | Horse | July 1888 | 1895 | ||
Electric | 1895 | 1929 | ||||
Independence & Rush Park Street Railway[57]: 183 | Independence | Electric | August 22, 1892 | August 14, 1907 | ||
Iowa City Electric Railway[57]: 170 | ♦ Iowa City | Electric | November 1, 1910 | August 16, 1930 | ||
Keokuk Electric Car & Power Co.[57]: 173 | Keokuk | Horse | 1883 | 1890 | ||
Electric | August 30, 1890 | May 15, 1928 | ||||
Keokuk ― Warsaw (Ill.) | Electric | Interurban | October 4, 1903 | May 15, 1928 | ||
Marshalltown Street Railway[57]: 36 | Marshalltown | Horse | 1883 | 1892 | ||
Marshalltown Light, Power & Railway Co.[57]: 36 | Electric | December 31, 1892 | August 31, 1928 | |||
Mason City & Clear Lake Railway[57]: 261–262 | Mason City ― Clear Lake | Electric | Interurban | July 4, 1897 | August 30, 1936 | |
Clinton, Davenport & Muscatine Railway[57]: 243 | ♦ Muscatine | Horse | September 11, 1883 | 1893 | Operated under multiple names throughout its service life. | |
Electric | May 30, 1893 | March 17, 1929 | ||||
Oskaloosa Traction & Light Co.[57]: 172–173 | Oskaloosa | Horse | 1880 | 1898 | ||
Electric | 1898 | May 1926 | ||||
Oskaloosa ― Beacon | Electric | Interurban | November 24, 1906 | May 1926 | ||
Ottumwa | Horse | 1881 | 1892 | Three horsecar companies operated in the city until the 1890s.[57]: 54 | ||
Ottumwa Railway & Electric Co.[57]: 54–55 | Electric | November 28, 1889 | August 12, 1930 | Operated under multiple names throughout its service life. | ||
Red Oak Street Railway[57]: 185 | Red Oak | Horse | April 1882 | 1901 | ||
Sioux City Street Railway[57]: 147 | ♦ Sioux City | Horse | July 4, 1881 | April 5, 1890 | ||
Sioux City & Highland Park Railway[57]: 148 | Steam | 1889 | 1891 | |||
Sioux City Cable Railway[57]: 148 | Cable | June 1, 1889 | May 15, 1894 | |||
Sioux City Traction Co.[57]: 147–150 | Electric | April 6, 1890 | 1948 | |||
♦ Sioux City ― South Sioux City (Neb.) | Electric | Interurban | 1890s | April 15, 1937 | ||
Tama & Toledo Railway[57]: 39–40 | Tama ― Toledo | Electric | Interurban | July 4, 1894 | June 25, 1925 | |
Waterloo Street Railway[57]: 187 | Waterloo | Horse | 1885 | May 1896 | ||
Waterloo & Cedar Falls Rapid Transit Co.[57]: 202–220 | Electric | 1896 | August 1939 | |||
♦ Waterloo ― ♦ Cedar Falls | Electric | Interurban | June 9, 1897 | July 31, 1958 | ||
♦ Waterloo ― ♦ Cedar Rapids | Electric | Interurban | September 14, 1914 | February 20, 1956 | ||
♦ Waterloo ― Waverly | Electric | Interurban | December 29, 1910 | August 11, 1955 |
Kansas
[edit]Name of System | Location | Traction Type |
Interurban or light rail, if applicable | Date (From) | Date (To) | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Abilene | Horse | 1887 | 1890 | |||
Arkansas City | Horse | 1887 | 1909 | |||
Atchison | Horse | 1880 | 1885 | |||
Atchison Railway Light & Power Co. | Electric | 1895 | April 1928 | |||
Baxter Springs | Horse | ? | ? | |||
Chetopa | Horse | 1887 | 1890 | |||
Clay Center | Horse | ? | ? | |||
Union Electric Railway[65]: 155–159 | Coffeyville | Electric | 1907 | 1947 | ||
Coffeyville ― Nowata (Okl.) | Electric | Interurban | 1915 | July 17, 1947 | ||
Coffeyville ― Independence ― Cherryvale ― Parsons | Electric | Interurban | July 14, 1907 | July 17, 1947 | ||
Cottonwood Falls – Strong City | Horse | August 22, 1887 | January 29, 1918 | |||
Petrol (gasoline) | January 29, 1918 | June 27, 1919 | ||||
Council Grove | Horse | 1887 | 1894 | |||
Dighton (?) | Horse (?) | ? | ? | See note. | ||
Emporia | Horse | ? | 1897 | |||
Electric | 1911 | 1928 | ||||
Fort Scott[66] | Horse | ? | ? | |||
Electric | c. 1890s | 1918 | ||||
Garden City | Horse | 1887 | 1891 | |||
Girard Coal Belt Electric Railway[67] | Girard | Electric | 1907 | 1909 | Acquired by the Joplin & Pittsburg Railway in 1909 and consolidated into its interurban network. | |
Great Bend | Horse | ? | ? | |||
Hutchinson | Horse | 1886 | 1906 | |||
Electric | 1906 | 1925 | ||||
Union Electric Railway | Independence | Electric | 1907 | 1947 | ||
Iola ― LaHarpe | Electric | Interurban | December 23, 1901[68] | 1919 | ||
Junction City[citation needed] | Electric | August 12, 1901 | February 28, 1934 | |||
♦ Kansas City | Horse | ? | ? | |||
Cable | June 15, 1885 | October 13, 1913 | ||||
Electric | ? | 1957 | Streetcar system served Kansas City, North Kansas City and Independence, Missouri, and Kansas City, Kansas. | |||
Kingman | Horse | 1887 | 1890 | |||
Larned | Horse | 1887 | 1893 | |||
Lawrence | Horse | 1871 | 1899 | |||
Electric | 1909 | 1933 | ||||
♦ Leavenworth | Horse | 1887 | 1896 | |||
Steam | 1887 | 1894 | ||||
Electric | 1894 | 1925 | ||||
Manhattan City and Interurban Railway Co. | Manhattan | Electric | 1909 | 1934 | ||
Manhattan ― Fort Riley ― Junction City | Electric | Interurban | 1914 | 1922 | ||
McPherson | Horse | 1887 | 1894 | |||
Newton | Horse | 1886
1910 |
1890
? |
|||
Electric | October 25, 1913 | November 1, 1925 | ||||
Ottawa | Horse | 1887 | 1892 | |||
Parsons | Electric | ? | ? | |||
Pittsburg | Electric | October 20, 1890 | 1932 | See also: Joplin, Missouri. | ||
Pratt | Horse | 1886 | 1892 | |||
Salina[69] | Horse | 1887 | 1894 | |||
Petrol (gasoline) | 1906 | 1908 | ||||
Electric | 1909 | 1933 | ||||
♦ Topeka | Horse | June 7, 1881[70] | 1896 | Various transit companies and horsecar lines operated before being completely phased out by 1896. | ||
Topeka Rapid Transit Railway Co.[71] | Steam | October 1, 1887 | December 1888 | |||
Topeka Railway Co. | Electric | April 9, 1889[70] | July 17, 1937[72] | |||
Wellington | Horse | May 1886[73] | December 1890[74] | |||
Wichita Street Railway | Wichita | Horse | 1887 | 1890 | ||
Wichita Railroad & Light Co. | Electric | 1890 | 1933 | |||
Arkansas Valley Interurban Railway | Wichita ― Newton ― Hutchinson | Electric | Interurban | December 22, 1915 | July 31, 1938 | |
Winfield | Horse | 1886 | May 17, 1909 | |||
Southwestern Interurban Railway | Winfield ― Arkansas City | Electric | Interurban | June 1909 | May 24, 1926 | Known as Arkansas City, Winfield and Northern Railway beginning 16 January 1923[75] |
- Peschkes (Part Four, 1998, Page 57) states that, although included in some statistics, the following (horse-drawn) streetcar systems were not built:
Kentucky
[edit]Name of System | Location | Traction Type |
Interurban or light rail, if applicable | Date (From) | Date (To) | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Ohio Valley Electric Railway | Ashland | Electric | Interurban and streetcar | 1899 | 1936 | Besides operating local streetcar service in Ashland the Ohio Valley Electric Railway operated an interurban route between Ashland and Huntington, West Virginia. |
Bowling Green | Horse | ? | ? | |||
Electric | c. 1890s | ? | ||||
Covington | Horse | 1867 | ? | |||
Electric | 1890 | July 3, 1950 | Also served Newport and other communities. Operated service across Ohio River to Cincinnati, Ohio. | |||
Frankfort | Electric | March 30, 1894[76] | January 6, 1934 | |||
Georgetown | Horse | ? | ? | |||
Electric | c. 1890s | ? | ||||
Henderson | Horse | c. 1880s | ? | |||
Electric | February 2, 1895[77] | July 17, 1923 | ||||
Lexington | Horse | August 26, 1882 | September 4, 1890 | |||
Electric | August 24, 1890 | April 20, 1938 | ||||
Louisville | Steam | 1838 | 1844 | |||
Horse | 1844 | 1901 | ||||
Electric | 1889 | April 30, 1948 | See also New Albany and Jeffersonville, Indiana. | |||
Maysville | Horse | 1884 | ? | |||
Electric | January 16, 1891[78] | ? | ||||
Middlesboro | Horse | c. 1880s | ? | |||
Steam | ? | ? | ||||
Owensboro | Horse | c. 1880s | ? | |||
Electric | ? | April 14, 1934[79] | ||||
Paducah | Horse | c. 1880s | ? | |||
Electric | ? | 1932 | ||||
Somerset | Electric | ? | ? | |||
Winchester | Electric | ? | ? |
- Peschkes (Part Four, 1998, Page 59) states that, despite various evidence, the following towns did not have streetcar systems:
- Barbourville – Peschkes describes "a marvellous picture postcard of a horse tramcar in the main street of Barbourville, with a woman driver," dated 1917. Similar picture postcards exist for U.S. towns that did not have horsecar or streetcar systems.
- Mount Sterling.
Louisiana
[edit]Name of System | Location | Traction Type |
Interurban or light rail, if applicable | Date (From) | Date (To) | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Abita Springs | Horse | ? | ? | |||
Alexandria | Horse | June 19, 1891 | June 19, 1899 | |||
Electric | April 12, 1906 | December 18, 1926 | ||||
♦ Algiers | Horse | 1884 | September 1, 1907 | |||
Electric | September 1, 1907 | January 22, 1931 | ||||
Baton Rouge | Mule | October 16, 1890 | April 5, 1893 | Two mule car lines, later connected as a belt line. | ||
Electric | April 6, 1893 | April 23, 1936 | Three lines at peak in 1924-1932[80] | |||
Burnside | Horse | ? | ? | |||
Grand Isle | Horse | 1866 | 1893 | |||
Lake Charles | Horse | 1891 | ? | |||
Steam | 1893 | 1906 | ||||
Electric | February 1, 1906 | June 29, 1927 | ||||
Monroe | Electric | June 15, 1906 | August 21, 1938 | |||
New Orleans | Horse | January 1835 | ? | |||
Steam | January 26, 1835 | ? | ||||
Electric | February 1, 1893 | See Streetcars in New Orleans. Operation suspended 28 Aug 2005 – 18 Dec 2005 because of storm damage (Hurricane Katrina). | ||||
Shreveport | Horse | December 31, 1870 | October 16, 1893 | |||
Electric | October 4, 1890 | December 10, 1939 |
Maine
[edit]Name of System | Location | Traction Type |
Interurban or light rail, if applicable | Date (From) | Date (To) | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Augusta, Winthrop and Gardiner Street Railway (in German) | Augusta | Electric | July 26, 1889 | July 31, 1932 | ||
Bangor | Electric | April 29, 1889 | December 31, 1945 | |||
Bath | Electric | c. 1890s | 1932 | |||
Biddeford | Horse | July 4, 1888 | May 5, 1892 | Connected Biddeford and Saco. | ||
Electric | ? | July 5, 1939 | ||||
Brunswick | Electric | ? | ? | |||
Calais | Electric | July 4, 1894 | October 31, 1929 | International tramway, connected Calais and St. Stephen (New Brunswick), Canada (q.v.). | ||
Fairfield[81][82] | Electric | ? | ? | |||
Fryeburg Horse Railroad (in German)[83] | Fryeburg | Horse | May 18, 1888 | October 1, 1913 | ||
Lewiston | Horse | September 3, 1881 | 1896 | Connected Lewiston and Auburn. | ||
Electric | ? | September 6, 1941 | ||||
Electric | Portland-Lewiston Interurban[84] | July 7, 1914 | June 29, 1933 | Connected to Portland | ||
The Norway – Paris Street Railway[85] | Norway | Electric | 1895 | 1918 | Connected Norway and South Paris. | |
Portland | Horse | October 10, 1863 | December 17, 1895 | |||
Electric | June 20, 1891 | May 4, 1941 | ||||
Rockland | Electric | August 1, 1892 | April 1, 1931 | |||
Sanford | Electric | c. 1890s | April 27, 1947 | |||
Waterville | Horse | June 23, 1888 | 1892 | |||
Electric | July 20, 1892 | October 11, 1937 |
Maryland
[edit]Name of System | Location | Traction Type |
Interurban or light rail, if applicable | Date (From) | Date (To) | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Annapolis | Electric | ? | ? | |||
Baltimore (first era) | Horse | 1859 | ? | |||
Cable | May 23, 1891 | March 23, 1899 | ||||
Electric | ? | November 3, 1963 | ||||
Baltimore Light Rail | Baltimore (second era) | Electric | Light rail | April 1992 | ||
Buena Vista – Buena Vista Springs | Horse | ? | ? | |||
Chesapeake Beach | Steam | ? | ? | |||
Electric | ? | ? | ||||
Petrol (gasoline) | ? | c. 1921 | ||||
Cumberland and Westernport Electric Railway | Cumberland | Horse | ? | ? | ||
Electric | c. 1890s | 1932 | ||||
Hagerstown & Frederick Railway | Frederick | Electric | c. 1890s | 1937 | ||
Hagerstown | Electric | c. 1890s | 1939 |
Massachusetts
[edit]Name of System | Location | Traction Type |
Interurban or light rail, if applicable | Date (From) | Date (To) | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Attleboro | Horse | c. 1870s | ? | |||
Electric | ? | 1932 | ||||
MBTA Green Line Ashmont–Mattapan High Speed Line |
Boston | Horse | 1856 | ? | ||
Electric | Portion (MBTA Green Line) upgraded to light rail in the 1970s | January 1, 1889[86] | See Boston-area streetcar lines. The surviving portions are the Mattapan Line and the MBTA Green Line. See also: Category:Streetcars in the Boston area. | |||
Brockton | Horse | July 26, 1881 | ? | |||
Electric | September 5, 1890 | July 11, 1937 | ||||
Conway | Horse | April 1, 1895 | 1921 | |||
Fall River | Horse | 1880 | 1891 | |||
Electric | 1892 | September 20, 1936 | ||||
Fitchburg | Horse | July 3, 1886 | ? | |||
Electric | ? | 1932 | Connected Fitchburg and Leominster. | |||
Framingham | Electric | c. 1880s | 1925 | |||
Gardner | Electric | c. 1890s | 1924 | |||
Gloucester | Horse | c. 1880s | ? | |||
Electric | ? | 1919 | ||||
Greenfield | Electric | c. 1890s | ? | |||
Haverhill | Horse | c. 1880s | ? | |||
Electric | ? | August 29, 1936 | ||||
Holyoke Street Railway | Holyoke | Horse | 1884 | 1891 | ||
Electric | Interurban; 1 funicular line |
1891 | 1937 | Included Amherst & Sunderland, Mount Tom, and Hampshire Street Railways; bus service began 1921, became exclusively buses in 1937; served as operator for PVTA from 1977 until 1987 when service ceased, company dissolved 1991.[87] | ||
Lawrence | Horse | c. 1880s | ? | |||
Electric | ? | March 1936 | ||||
Lowell & Suburban Street Railway Company | Lowell (first era) |
Horse | c. 1870s | ? | ||
Electric | ? | March 1936 | ||||
Lowell National Historical Park Trolley | Lowell (second era) |
Electric | 1984 | Resurrected as a 1-mile heritage streetcar line, operational; expansion into commuter interurban proposed and discussed 1999–2016.[88][89][90] | ||
Lynn | Horse | 1854 | ? | Lynn and Boston Railroad | ||
Electric | November 19, 1888[91][92] | 1937 | The first electric trolley / streetcar in Massachusetts[93][94] | |||
New Bedford | Horse | c. 1870s | ? | |||
Electric | ? | 1947 | ||||
Newburyport | Horse | ? | ? | |||
Electric | ? | August 27, 1930 | ||||
Newton | Horse | ? | ? | |||
Electric | ? | c. 1930s | ||||
Northampton | Horse | c. 1860s | ? | |||
Electric | ? | 1933 | ||||
Oak Bluffs Street Railway[95] | Oak Bluffs | Horse | 1873[95] | |||
Electric | 1895[95] | 1918[95] | ||||
Pittsfield | Horse | ? | ? | |||
Electric | ? | 1932 | ||||
Plymouth and Brockton Street Railway | Plymouth | Horse | 1888 | ? | Has operated since 1928 as a bus carrier. | |
Electric | ? | 1928 | Has operated since 1928 as a bus carrier. | |||
Quincy | Horse | c. 1880s | ? | |||
Electric | ? | 1948 | ||||
Salem | Horse | ? | ? | |||
Electric | ? | ? | ||||
Springfield | Horse | c. 1860s | ? | |||
Electric | June 6, 1890 | 1940 | ||||
Stoneham | Electric | ? | July 27, 1946 | |||
Taunton | Horse | September 23, 1871 | ? | |||
Electric | Sep 3, 1893 | July 1932 | ||||
Waltham | Horse | ? | ? | |||
Electric | ? | c. 1930s | ||||
Worcester | Horse | c. 1860s | ? | |||
Electric | ? | December 31, 1945 |
Michigan
[edit]Name of System | Location | Traction Type |
Interurban or light rail, if applicable | Date (From) | Date (To) | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Adrian | Electric | 1889 | 1924 | |||
Ann Arbor | Horse | ? | ? | |||
Electric | September 28, 1890 | January 31, 1925 | ||||
Battle Creek | Horse | 1865 | ? | |||
Electric | 1887
c. 1880s |
1887
September 30, 1932 |
||||
Bay City | Electric | ? | August 1921 | |||
Benton Harbor | Horse | ? | ? | |||
Electric | 1892 | September 1935 | System also served St. Joseph. | |||
Cheboygan | Horse | 1893 | 1898 | |||
1896 | 1898 | |||||
Department of Street Railways (The DSR) 1922-1956[96] | Detroit (first era) | Horse | August 3, 1863 | November 9, 1895 | ||
Electric | September 1, 1886 | April 8, 1956[96][97] | See also: Detroit United Railway (1900-1922). Detroit had a heritage streetcar line, 1976–2003; see Detroit Downtown Trolley. | |||
QLine | Detroit (second era) | Electric | May 12, 2017 | Reintroduction; see QLine. | ||
Escanaba | Electric | 1892 | 1932 | |||
Fenton | Horse | ? | ? | |||
Flint | Horse | ? | ? | |||
Electric | 1900 | April 4, 1936 | ||||
Grand Haven | Electric | ? | ? | |||
Grand Rapids | Horse | 1864 | ? | |||
Cable | April 18, 1888 | November 12, 1891 | ||||
Electric | ? | 1935 | ||||
Holland | Electric | ? | ? | |||
Iron River | Horse | 1913 | 1921 | |||
Ishpeming | Electric | 1893 | August 20, 1927 | |||
Jackson | Horse | ? | ? | |||
Electric | September 19, 1891 | June 27, 1936 | ||||
Kalamazoo | Horse | 1885 | ? | |||
Electric | 1893 | November 2, 1932 | ||||
Lansing | Horse | 1886 | ? | |||
Electric | August 26, 1890 | April 15, 1933 | ||||
Manistee | Electric | 1892 | August 26, 1921 | |||
Marquette | Electric | 1891 | April 19, 1935 | |||
Menominee | Electric | ? | 1928 | System also served Marinette, Wisconsin. | ||
Monroe | Electric | ? | ? | |||
Mount Clemens | Horse | 1890 | ? | |||
Electric | 1900 | January 1930 | ||||
Muskegon | Horse | November 25, 1882 | ? | |||
Electric | April 1890 | October 10, 1929 | ||||
Owosso | Electric | 1911 | 1929 | Connected Owosso and Corunna. | ||
Pontiac | Electric | 1900 | 1932 | |||
Port Huron | Horse | c. 1860s | ? | |||
Electric | 1886 | January 28, 1930 | See also Sarnia, Ontario, Canada. | |||
Saginaw | Horse | 1863 | ? | |||
Electric | 1899 | October 9, 1931 | Operation suspended Aug 1921 – 1 Nov 1923 because of dispute between street railway company and local authority. | |||
Sault Ste. Marie | Electric | 1888 | July 8, 1931 | See also Sault Ste. Marie, Ontario, Canada. |
Minnesota
[edit]Name of System | Location | Traction Type |
Interurban or light rail, if applicable | Date (From) | Date (To) | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Anoka | Horse | 1884
1908 |
1897
1908 |
|||
Brainerd | Horse | 1887 | 1889 | |||
Electric | 1893 | June 2, 1898 | ||||
Breckenridge | Electric | August 30, 1910 | March 31, 1925 | Interstate streetcar line, connecting Breckenridge with Wahpeton, North Dakota. Ranked as the smallest interstate streetcar system (and one of the smallest urban streetcar systems) in the U.S.[citation needed] | ||
Duluth Street Railway | Duluth | Horse | 1882 | 1890 | ||
Electric | 1890 | September 9, 1939 | System served Duluth and Superior, Wisconsin. Two funiculars operated in Duluth. The 7th Avenue West Incline which operated as part of the streetcar system, and the independent Duluth Belt Line Railway | |||
Mesaba Railway Company[98]: 180 | Hibbing | Electric | Interurban | December 11, 1921 | April 16, 1927 | |
American Traction Company[98]: 179 | International Falls | Electric | 1891 | October 1895 | ||
Accumulator (storage battery) | 1913 | 1919 | Occasional reports, described by Wyatt[99] as "unproven," state that accumulator (storage battery) tramcars operated on the railway bridge to Fort Francis, Ontario, Canada. | |||
Mankato Street Railway Company[98]: 180 | Mankato | Horse | July 23, 1886 | 1895 | ||
Electric | May 10, 1908 | March 8, 1930 | ||||
Twin City Rapid Transit Company | Minneapolis (first era) | Horse | September 2, 1875 | December 23, 1889 | ||
Electric | December 23, 1889 | October 31, 1953 | See also Como-Harriet Streetcar Line (Heritage streetcar). | |||
METRO | Minneapolis (second era) | Electric | Light rail | June 26, 2004 | Blue (2004) & Green (2014) lines. | |
Moorhead | Electric | December 9, 1912 | June 30, 1937 | Operated as part of Fargo, North Dakota, streetcar system. | ||
Granite City Railway | St. Cloud | Horse | October 3, 1887 | 1892 | ||
Electric | June 30, 1892 | April 29, 1936 | ||||
♦ St. Paul | Horse | July 15, 1872 | ? | |||
Cable | January 21, 1888 | June 3, 1898 | ||||
Electric | ? | July 18, 1954 | ||||
Stillwater St. Ry. | Stillwater | Electric | June 27, 1899 | 1897 | ||
Minneapolis & St. Paul Suburban Ry. | Electric | November 6, 1899 | September 10, 1932 | The Minneapolis & St. Paul Suburban Ry. was a wholly owned subsidiary of TCRT created for their new line to Stillwater and its local lines, as they were their first lines to extend beyond the boundaries of Minneapolis and St. Paul. | ||
Winona | Horse | December 25, 1883 | ? | |||
Electric | January 22, 1892 | July 21, 1938 |
Mississippi
[edit]Name of System | Location | Traction Type |
Interurban or light rail, if applicable | Date (From) | Date (To) | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Biloxi | Electric | c. 1890s | 1932 | |||
Columbus | Electric | ? | 1920 | |||
Enterprise | Horse | ? | ? | |||
Greenville | Electric | c. 1880s | 1929 | |||
♦ Gulfport | Electric | c. 1900s | 1932 | |||
Hattiesburg | Electric | c. 1900s | ? | |||
Jackson | Mule | 1871 | 1899 | |||
Electric | 1899 | 1935 | ||||
Laurel | Electric | ? | 1934 | |||
Meridian | Horse | c. 1880s | ? | |||
Electric | ? | ? | ||||
Natchez | Horse | c. 1890s | ? | |||
Electric | ? | 1928 | ||||
Pascagoula | Electric | ? | ? | |||
Vicksburg | Electric | c. 1890s | 1935 | |||
Yazoo City | Electric | 1911 | 1918 |
Missouri
[edit]Name of System | Location | Traction Type |
Interurban or light rail, if applicable | Date (From) | Date (To) | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Ava – Mansfield | Steam | ? | ? | |||
Petrol (gasoline) | ? | ? | ||||
Cape Girardeau & Jackson Interurban Railway | Cape Girardeau | Horse | 1893 | 1905 | ||
Electric | 1905 | 1934 | ||||
Carrollton | Steam | 1893 | ? | |||
Electric | August 30, 1897 | ? | ||||
Carthage | Horse | October 17, 1883 | January 24, 1885 | |||
Electric | August 24, 1895 | July 21, 1935 | ||||
♦ Carthage – Carterville | Electric | ? | ? | See also: Joplin (below). | ||
Clinton | Horse | ? | ? | |||
Farmington – Delassus | Electric | ? | ? | |||
♦ Farmington – St. Francois | Electric | ? | ? | |||
Hannibal | Horse | ? | ? | |||
Electric | c. 1880s | ? | ||||
♦ Independence | Horse | 1886 | ? | |||
Steam | 1886 | ? | ||||
Electric | ? | 1935 | ||||
Jefferson City | Electric | 1911 | 1934 | |||
Joplin | Horse | c. 1880s | ? | |||
Electric | ? | 1935 | ||||
Petrol (gasoline) | ? | ? | ||||
♦ Joplin – Duenweg – Carterville | Electric | ? | ? | |||
♦ Joplin – Galena, Kansas – Baxter Springs, Kansas – Picher, Oklahoma | Electric | ? | ? | |||
♦ Joplin – Pittsburg, Kansas | Electric | ? | ? | See also: Pittsburg, Kansas. | ||
♦ Joplin – Webb City | Horse | ? | ? | |||
Electric | ? | ? | ||||
Kansas City (first era) | Horse | April 1869 | ? | |||
Steam | ? | ? | ||||
Cable | June 15, 1885 | October 13, 1913 | ||||
Electric | ? | June 23, 1957 | See Streetcars in Kansas City. | |||
KC Streetcar | Kansas City (second era) | Electric | May 6, 2016[100] | Reintroduction; see KC Streetcar. | ||
Lebanon | Electric | ? | ? | |||
Nevada | Horse | ? | ? | |||
Electric | ? | ? | ||||
♦ North Kansas City | Horse | ? | ? | |||
Electric | ? | ? | ||||
St. Joseph | Horse | c. 1860s | ? | |||
Electric | ? | 1939 | ||||
St. Louis (first era) | Horse | 1859 | ? | |||
Steam | ? | ? | ||||
Cable | April 15, 1886 | March 14, 1901 | ||||
Electric | ? | June 20, 1966 | See Streetcars in St. Louis. | |||
St. Louis MetroLink | St. Louis (second era) | Electric | Light rail | July 31, 1993 | Reintroduction, as St. Louis MetroLink light rail. | |
Loop Trolley | November 16, 2018 | New heritage tramway | ||||
Sedalia | Horse | ? | ? | |||
Electric | c. 1890s | 1931 | ||||
Springfield Traction Company | Springfield | Horse | ? | 1929 | ||
Steam | ? | ? | ||||
Electric | 1929 | ? | August 17, 1937[101] | |||
Trenton | Electric | ? | ? | |||
♦ Webb City | Horse | ? | ? | |||
Electric | ? | ? | ||||
♦Webb City – Carterville | Horse | ? | ? | |||
Electric | ? | ? |
- Peschkes (Part Four, 1998, Page 80) states that, despite various evidence, the following towns did not have streetcar systems:
Montana
[edit]Name of System | Location | Traction Type |
Interurban or light rail, if applicable | Date (From) | Date (To) | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Anaconda | Electric | September 1, 1890 | December 31, 1951 | |||
Billings | Horse | 1882 | 1883 | |||
Accumulator (storage battery) | April 4, 1912 | 1917 | ||||
Bozeman | Electric | July 21, 1892 | December 15, 1921 | |||
Butte | Horse | 1886 | ? | |||
Cable | March 4, 1889 | September 19, 1897 | ||||
Electric | August 26, 1890 | August 22, 1937 | ||||
Great Falls | Electric | August 18, 1891 | November 30, 1931 | |||
Horse | 1892 | 1893 | ||||
Helena | Horse | September 25, 1886 | ? | |||
Electric | May 25, 1890 | January 1, 1928 | ||||
Missoula | Horse | 1897 | ? | |||
Electric | 1892
May 11, 1910 |
1897
Jan 24, 1932 |
Nebraska
[edit]Name of System | Location | Traction Type |
Interurban or light rail, if applicable | Date (From) | Date (To) | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Beatrice | Electric | ? | 1897 | |||
Fremont | Horse | ? | ? | |||
Grand Island | Horse | ? | 1898 | |||
Hastings | Horse | 1887 | ? | |||
Kearney | Electric | ? | 1898 | |||
Lincoln | ? | 1945 | ||||
Nebraska City | Horse | 1889 | 1910 | |||
Norfolk | Electric | ? | 1897 | |||
Omaha Horse Railway Company | Omaha | Horse | 1868 | ? | ||
Omaha Traction Company | Cable | December 29, 1887 | Jul 7, 1890 | |||
Omaha and Council Bluffs Railway and Bridge Company | Electric | 1886 | 1955 | |||
Omaha Streetcar[102][circular reference] | Electric | 2027 | ? | |||
Plattsmouth | Electric | ? | 1892 | |||
Red Cloud | Horse | 1887 | 1910 | |||
Wymore | Horse | ? | ? | |||
York | Horse | ? | ? |
Nevada
[edit]Name of System | Location | Traction Type |
Interurban or light rail, if applicable | Date (From) | Date (To) | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Reno | Electric | November 1904[103] | September 1927[103] | See Streetcars in Reno. |
New Hampshire
[edit]Name of System | Location | Traction Type |
Interurban or light rail, if applicable | Date (From) | Date (To) | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Berlin Street Railway[104] | Berlin-Gorham | Electric | July 4, 1902 | December 1, 1938 | Connected Berlin and Gorham through Cascade | |
Springfield Electric Railway (1897-1921) Springfield Terminal Railroad (1921-1956) |
Charlestown | Electric | 1897 | 1956 | Connected Charlestown with Springfield, Vermont. | |
Claremont Railway and Light Company | Claremont | Electric | 1903 | 1945 | ||
Concord | Horse | 1881 | 1890 | |||
Electric | 1890 | April 29, 1933 | ||||
Dover | Horse | 1882 | ? | |||
Electric | August 16, 1889 | September 15, 1926 | ||||
Exeter | Electric | 1897 | 1924 | |||
Keene Electric Railway | Keene | Electric | 1900 | 1926 | ||
Laconia | Horse | c. 1880s | ? | |||
Electric | ? | 1926 | ||||
Manchester Street Railway | Manchester[105] | Horse | 1877 | ? | ||
Electric | 1895 | May 2, 1940 | ||||
Nashua | Horse | 1886 | ? | |||
Electric | ? | 1932 | ||||
Portsmouth Electric Railway[106] | Portsmouth | Electric | 1899 | 1925 | ||
Rochester | Electric | September 1, 1889 | May 6, 1925 |
New Jersey
[edit]Name of System | Location | Traction Type |
Interurban or light rail, if applicable | Date (From) | Date (To) | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Asbury Park | Horse | ? | ? | |||
Electric | September 19, 1897 | 1931 | ||||
Atlantic City | Horse | ? | ? | |||
Electric | ? | December 27, 1955 | see also Shore Fast Line. | |||
Beach Haven | Horse | ? | ? | |||
Bridgeton and Millville Traction Company | Bridgeton | Electric | ? | ? | see also Millville and Vineland. | |
Brigantine | Electric | ? | ? | |||
Camden (first era) | Horse | 1871 | ? | |||
Electric | ? | 1935 | Also served Gloucester City and other neighboring towns. | |||
♦ Camden-Trenton | Electric | c. 1900 | 1931 | |||
River Line (New Jersey Transit) | Camden (second era) | Diesel | Light rail | March 14, 2004 | ||
Cape May | Horse | ? | ? | |||
Steam | ?
1916 |
1892
1918 |
||||
Electric | 1892 | 1913 | ||||
Accumulator (storage battery) | 1916 | 1916 | ||||
Elizabeth | Horse | 1869 | ? | |||
Coal Gas | ? | ? | Coal gas is also known as Town gas and is not the same as petrol (gasoline). | |||
Electric | ? | February 18, 1931 | Newark – Elizabeth tramway line closed 3 Jan 1937. | |||
Fort Lee | Public Service Coordinated Transport (Bergen Division) and predecessors | 1435 | electric | April 20, 1896 | September 5, 1938 | |
Gibbsboro – Lucaston | Horse | ? | ? | |||
Steam | ? | ? | ||||
Hackensack | Electric | ? | 1938 | |||
Hudson County (first era) | Horse | 1860 | ? | |||
Electric | ? | August 7, 1949 | Date refers to abandonment of the last lines using the Hoboken Inclined Elevated viaduct. | |||
Hudson–Bergen Light Rail | Hudson County (second era) | Electric | Light rail | April 22, 2000 | ||
Keansburg | Electric | ? | ? | |||
Keyport | Horse | ? | ? | |||
Electric | c. 1890s | 1923 | ||||
Long Branch | Horse | ? | ? | |||
Electric | ? | ? | ||||
Metuchen | Electric | ? | ? | |||
Millville Traction Company | Millville | Electric | ? | ? | see also Bridgeton. | |
Morristown | Electric | ? | 1927 | |||
Mount Holly | Horse | ? | ? | |||
New Brunswick | Horse | 1867 | ? | |||
Electric | ? | August 1, 1931 | Suburban tramway line closed 26 Oct 1931. | |||
Newark | Horse | 1859 | 1893 | |||
Cable | Line built and tested, but not placed in service because of technical problems. | |||||
Electric | Light rail (modern era) | October 1890
(May 26, 1935) |
See Note. | See: Newark Light Rail (aka. Newark City Subway). See also: Note, below. | ||
Ocean City | Electric | ? | ? | see also Atlantic City | ||
Ortley Beach | Horse | ? | ? | |||
Passaic | Electric | ? | ? | Newark – Passaic tramway closed 20 Mar 1937. | ||
Paterson | Horse | 1863 | ? | |||
Steam | ? | ? | ||||
Coal Gas | ? | ? | Coal gas is also known as Town gas and is not the same as petrol (gasoline). | |||
Accumulator (storage battery) | ? | ? | ||||
Electric | ? | May 1, 1928 | Newark – Paterson tramway line closed 1938. | |||
Phillipsburg | Horse | ? | ? | |||
Electric | 1894 | October 31, 1931 | See also Easton, Pennsylvania. | |||
Plainfield | Electric | 1901 | 1925 | Newark – Plainfield tramway line closed 15 Sep 1935. | ||
Point Pleasant | Horse | ? | ? | |||
Electric | ? | 1919 | ||||
Red Bank | Electric | 1896 | 1921 | |||
Rutherford | Horse | ? | ? | |||
Electric | 1896 | 1921 | ||||
Sea Isle City | Electric | ? | ? | |||
Stone Harbor – Cape May Court House | Steam | ? | ? | |||
Petrol (gasoline) | ? | ? | ||||
Trenton (first era) | Horse | ? | ? | |||
Electric | ? | December 6, 1934 | ||||
River Line (New Jersey Transit) | Trenton (second era) | Diesel | Light rail | March 14, 2004 | ||
Vineland | Electric | ? | ? | |||
Wildwood | Electric | ? | 1946 |
- Note for Newark: The streetcar subway, the Newark City Subway, opened May 26, 1935. Also served East Orange and other neighboring towns. (See also Public Service Railway and Newark-Trenton Fast Line.) Last Newark streecar line not using the subway closed May 1, 1938. Last surface streetcar lines using the subway closed March 30, 1952. Since then, effectively operated as a "light rail" line; line extended in 2002. System expanded to include a second line in 2006.
New Mexico
[edit]Name of System | Location | Traction Type |
Interurban or light rail, if applicable | Date (From) | Date (To) | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Albuquerque | Horse | 1880 | 1904 | |||
Electric | c. September 1904 | December 31, 1927 | Reintroduction planned. | |||
Las Vegas | Horse | c. 1880s | ? | |||
Electric | ? | 1928 |
New York
[edit]Name of System | Location | Traction Type |
Interurban or light rail, if applicable | Date (From) | Date (To) | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
United Traction Co. | ♦ Albany | Horse | February 22, 1864 | 1921 | ||
Electric | 1890 | August 1, 1946 | ||||
♦♦ Albia – Averill Park | Electric | October 5, 1895 | March 31, 1925 | Albia is a former suburb and current neighborhood of Troy, New York | ||
Amsterdam | Horse | July 4, 1873 | ? | |||
Electric | December 20, 1890 | September 1, 1936 | ||||
Auburn | Electric | ? | ? | |||
Babylon Rail Road Company | ♦ Babylon | Horse | 1871 | 1909 | ||
Electric | 1909 | May 15, 1920 | ||||
♦♦ Babylon – Amityville | Electric | 1909 | May 15, 1920 | |||
Batavia | Electric | September 1903 | June 13, 1927 | |||
Beacon | Electric | August 27, 1892 | April 20, 1930 | Connected Beacon and Fishkill[107] | ||
Binghamton | Horse | 1873 | 1893 | |||
Electric | May 31, 1887 | August 1, 1932 | ||||
♦ Binghamton – Port Dickinson – Johnson City | Horse | c. January 1, 1883 | July 1, 1892 | |||
Electric | 1892 | August 1, 1932 | ||||
Paul Smith's Electric Railway[108] | ♦ Brighton, Franklin County-Saranac Lake, New York | Electric | 1906 | 1928 | ||
Petrol (Gasoline) | 1928 | 1930 | Connected Brighton, Franklin County and Saranac Lake with Paul Smith's Hotel. | |||
♦ Bronx | Horse | ? | ? | |||
Electric | 1892 | August 21, 1948 | ||||
♦ Brooklyn | Horse | ? | ? | |||
Electric | 1890 | October 30, 1956 | ||||
Buffalo (first era) | Horse | June 11, 1860 | 1893 | |||
Electric | June 20, 1889 | July 1, 1950 | ||||
♦ Buffalo – Depew | Electric | May 8, 1901 | September 23, 1926 | |||
♦ Buffalo – Gardenville – Ebenezer | Electric | April 18, 1896 | December 12, 1931 | |||
♦ Buffalo – Hamburg | Electric | October 6, 1900 | December 12, 1931 | |||
♦ Buffalo – Williamsville | Electric | April 5, 1893 | September 18, 1930 | |||
Buffalo Metro Rail | Buffalo (second era) | Electric | Light rail | October 9, 1984[109] | ||
Canandaigua | Horse | September 6, 1887 | July 1892 | |||
Electric | August 4, 1894 | July 31, 1930 | ||||
Catskill | Electric | December 14, 1900 | by October 31, 1917 | |||
♦ Charlotte – Manitou Beach | Electric | June 1, 1891 | August 25, 1925 | |||
Pelham Park and City Island Railway | ♦♦ City Island | Horse | May 20, 1887 | 1914 | ||
Accumulator (storage battery) | August 17, 1914 | August 9, 1919 | ||||
♦ Cohoes | Horse | 1864 | ? | |||
Electric | 1890 | February 6, 1934 | ||||
Corning | Electric | November 1, 1895 | April 1, 1930 | |||
Cortland | Horse | September 14, 1885 | ? | |||
Electric | April 1, 1895 | 1928 | ||||
♦ Cortland – Homer – McGraw – Preble | Horse | September 14, 1885 | ? | Connected Cortland and Homer. | ||
Electric | April 1, 1895 | February 15, 1931 | ||||
Dunkirk | Electric | July 1, 1900
1917 |
1917
by August 1923 |
|||
♦ Dunkirk – Fredonia | Horse | September 1866 | 1891 | |||
Electric | October 30, 1891 | March 25, 1934 | ||||
Northport Traction Company | ♦ East Northport - Northport | Electric | April 18, 1902 | August 19, 1924 | ||
Elmira | Horse | October 1871 | ? | |||
Steam | July 23, 1889 | ? | ||||
Electric | August 30, 1890 | March 11, 1939 | ||||
Ocean Electric Railway (originally Far Rockaway Railroad) |
♦♦ Far Rockaway | Horse | July 2, 1886 | 1898 | ||
Electric | 1898 | September 24, 1924 | ||||
Fonda – Fultonville | Horse | 1875 | July 11, 1884 | |||
Frankfort – Ilion – Mohawk – Herkimer | Horse | July 4, 1871 | c. 1895 | |||
Electric | c. 1895 | June 30, 1933 | ||||
♦ Fredonia | Electric | May 15, 1910 | July 1927 | |||
Seashore Municipal Railroad | ♦ Freeport | Electric | 1906 | 1924 | ||
Fulton | Horse | August 15, 1886 | by 1908 | |||
Electric | ? | September 15, 1927 | ||||
Geneva | Electric | March 27, 1895 | 1925 | |||
♦ Geneva – Waterloo – Seneca Falls – Cayuga | Steam | 1886 | ? | |||
Electric | July 13, 1890 | December 6, 1928 | Opened in stages, completed 27 Mar 1895. | |||
Glens Falls | Horse | September 28, 1885 | ? | |||
Electric | 1891 | June 30, 1928 | ||||
Fonda, Johnstown and Gloversville Railroad | Gloversville | Electric | ? | ? | ||
♦ Gloversville – Mountain Lake | Electric | August 23, 1901 | September 30, 1917 | |||
♦ Highland – New Paltz | Electric | August 17, 1897 | Jul 7, 1925 | |||
Hornell | Electric | August 6, 1892 | July 15, 1926 | |||
♦ Hornell – Canisteo | Electric | December 30, 1892 | July 15, 1926 | |||
Huntington Railroad | ♦ Huntington | Horse | July 19, 1890 | 1898 | Replaced by Huntington Traction Company (1920-1927) | |
Electric | June 17, 1898 | August 15, 1927 | ||||
♦♦ Huntington – Amityville | Electric | August 26, 1909 | September 23, 1919 | |||
Ithaca | Electric | January 2, 1888
January 28, 1893 |
May 1892
June 22, 1935 |
|||
Jamestown | Horse | June 20, 1884 | c. 1892 | |||
Electric | June 11, 1891 | January 29, 1938 | ||||
Fonda, Johnstown and Gloversville Railroad | Johnstown | Electric | ? | ? | ||
Kingston City; Colonial City | ♦ Kingston | Horse | 1867 | ? | ||
Electric | 1894 | September 30, 1930 | Merged to Kingston Consolidated Railway Co. | |||
♦ Larchmont | Horse | May 1, 1888 | ? | |||
Electric | June 10, 1900 | August 16, 1927 | ||||
Lima – Honeoye | Electric | August 8, 1899 | by October 30, 1915 | |||
Lockport | Horse | January 1, 1887 | 1891 | |||
Electric | August 20, 1895 | April 16, 1938 | ||||
Long Beach Railway | ♦ Long Beach | Petrol (gasoline) | October 20, 1923 | 1926 | ||
Long Island | See also the entries for New York City. | |||||
♦ Manhattan | Horse | November 14, 1832 | 1917 | |||
Cable | August 31, 1885 | May 25, 1901 | ||||
Accumulator (storage battery) | 1910 | 1932 | ||||
Electric | ? | June 21, 1947 | Last tramway line in New York, which operated on the Queensboro Bridge between Manhattan and Queens, closed 7 Apr 1957. | |||
Middletown | Electric | May 8, 1894 | April 9, 1924 | |||
♦ Middletown- Goshen | Electric | November 25, 1895 | October 21, 1924 | |||
♦ Mount Vernon | Electric | ? | 1950 | |||
♦ New Rochelle | Electric | ? | 1950 | |||
New York City | See also Long Island and Westchester County. | |||||
Newburgh | Horse | December 24, 1886 | May 1894 | |||
Electric | June 9, 1894 | March 31, 1923 | ||||
♦ Newburgh – Orange Lake – Walden | Electric | July 1894 | 1923 | See note. | ||
♦ Niagara Falls | Horse | July 2, 1883 | ? | |||
Electric | July 1892 | August 22, 1937 | ||||
Ogdensburg | Horse | August 14, 1886 | 1895 | |||
Electric | September 1, 1895 | April 1, 1932 | ||||
Oneida | Horse | July 4, 1885 | July 30, 1902 | |||
Electric | December 14, 1902 | December 1930 | ||||
Oneonta | Electric | ? | ? | |||
♦ Ossining | Electric | 1893
October 1, 1907 |
October 20, 1906
May 7, 1926 |
|||
Oswego | Horse | August 22, 1885 | 1892 | |||
Electric | 1892 | April 21, 1927 | ||||
Suffolk Traction Company | ♦ Patchogue | Accumulator (storage battery) | July 1, 1911 | October 10, 1919 | ||
♦ Patchogue – Holtsville | Accumulator (storage battery) | 1914 | October 10, 1919 | Extension Holtsville – Port Jefferson started, not completed. | ||
♦♦ Patchogue – Sayville | Accumulator (storage battery) | by 1914 | October 10, 1919 | |||
♦ Peekskill | Electric | June 1899 | June 30, 1926 | |||
♦♦ Peekskill – Lake Mohegan | Electric | July 30, 1899 | 1924 | |||
♦♦ Peekskill – Oregon | Electric | March 25, 1907 | August 29, 1925 | Opened in stages, completed 1909. | ||
♦♦ Peekskill – Verplanck | Electric | 1902 | June 30, 1926 | |||
Penn Yan – Branchport | Electric | August 15, 1897
January 1, 1927 |
October 11, 1926
March 13, 1927 |
|||
Plattsburgh Traction Company | Plattsburgh | Electric | July 25, 1896 | November 1, 1929 | ||
Larchmont Horse Railway | ♦ Port Chester | Horse | 1888 | 1901 | ||
Port Chester Street Railway | Electric | July 12, 1898 | August 16, 1927 | Acquired by New York and Stamford Railway in 1901 | ||
Port Jervis | Electric | January 15, 1898
July 4, 1910 |
June 9, 1910
November 15, 1924 |
|||
Poughkeepsie | Horse | 1871 | 1894 | |||
Electric | December 15, 1894 | November 25, 1935 | ||||
♦ Poughkeepsie – Wappingers Falls | Electric | 1895 | November 1928 | |||
♦ Queens | Horse | 1869 | ? | |||
Electric | 1887 | April 26, 1950 | ||||
Redwood – Alexandria Bay | Electric | August 18, 1902 | October 16, 1916 | |||
♦ Rensselaer | Electric | November 4, 1897 | c. 1930s | |||
Rochester | Horse | July 13, 1863 | 1893 | |||
Electric | 1889 | April 1, 1941 | ||||
Ocean Electric Railway (originally Rockaway Village Railroad) |
♦♦ Rockaway Park | Horse | June 2, 1886
1897 |
1895
1898 |
||
Electric | 1898 | August 26, 1928 | See note. | |||
Rome | Horse | July 4, 1887
July 1, 1902 |
1900
1903 |
|||
Compressed-air | September 22, 1900 | June 30, 1902 | System returned to horse-drawn after 1902 until electric. | |||
Electric | June 9, 1903 | December 7, 1930 | ||||
Saratoga Springs | Electric | June 30, 1892 | January 20, 1926 | Brief periods of operation in 1890 and 1891. | ||
Schenectady Railway Co. | ♦ Schenectady | Horse | ? | ? | ||
Electric | ? | 1946 | ||||
Nassau County Railway | ♦ Sea Cliff | Electric | July 2, 1902 | December 31, 1924 | a.k.a.; Sea Cliff Village Trolley | |
Glen Cove Railroad | ♦♦ Sea Cliff – Glen Cove | Electric | November 16, 1905 | November 15, 1924 | ||
♦ Staten Island | Horse | September 1868 | 1896 | |||
Electric | 1893 | January 26, 1934 | ||||
South Shore Traction Company | ♦ Sayville – Blue Point | Horse | 1903 | 1909 | ||
Accumulator (storage battery) | 1909 | January 1913 | Acquired by Suffolk Traction Company | |||
Suffolk Traction Company | Accumulator (storage battery) | Jan 1913 | October 10, 1919 | |||
Syracuse | Horse | May 11, 1860 | ? | |||
Electric | November 29, 1888 | January 4, 1941 | ||||
♦ Syracuse – Edwards Falls | Electric | June 16, 1898 | October 24, 1931 | |||
♦ Troy | Horse | September 1861 | ? | |||
Electric | ? | September 26, 1933 | ||||
Utica | Horse | September 14, 1863 | ? | |||
Electric | 1890 | May 13, 1941 | ||||
Watertown | Electric | May 20, 1891 | August 17, 1937 | |||
Watertown & Carthage Traction Co. (1891-1901) Black River Traction Co. (1901-1931) |
♦ Watertown – Brownsville – Dexter | Electric | June 30, 1891 | March 9, 1931 | ||
Waverly | Electric | June 30, 1896 | June 11, 1930 | |||
♦ Waverly – Sayre, PA – Athens, PA | Electric | June 30, 1896 | June 11, 1930 | |||
Westchester County | See also the entries for New York City. | |||||
♦ White Plains | Electric | October 1, 1895 | November 16, 1929 | |||
Yonkers Railroad Company | ♦ Yonkers | Horse | March 1887 | 1892 | ||
Electric | May 1892 | November 1952 |
- Note for Cortland – Homer – McGraw – Preble: Horse tramway connected Cortland and Homer. Electric tramway, opened April 1, 1895, connected Cortland, Homer and McGraw. Extended to Preble in 1907. McGraw Preble segment closed April 1, 1929. Remainder closed February 15, 1931.
- Note for Newburgh – Orange Lake – Walden: Opened in stages, to Orange Lake in July 1894, completed June 1, 1895. Newburgh – Orange Lake operated during summer season, 1924 and 1925, petrol (gasoline) traction (?).
- Note for New York – City Island: Experimental monorail operated Bartow railway station – north end of City Island bridge, July 15–19, 1910, and November 14, 1910 – March 16, 1914.
- Note for New York – Rockaway Park: Tramcars operated over electrified Long Island Rail Road tracks between Far Rockaway and Hammels, 1905 – September 9, 1926, using overhead current collection to 1912 and third-rail current collection thereafter.
North Carolina
[edit]Name of System | Location | Traction Type |
Interurban or light rail, if applicable | Date (From) | Date (To) | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Asheville | Horse | ? | ? | |||
Electric | February 1, 1889 | 1934 | ||||
Belmont | Electric | ? | ? | |||
Burlington | Electric | 1912 | 1922 | Connected Burlington and Haw River. | ||
Charlotte (first era) | Horse | ? | ? | |||
Accumulator (storage battery) | ? | ? | ||||
Electric | May 18, 1891 | March 14, 1938 | ||||
Charlotte Trolley | Charlotte (second era) | Electric | August 30, 1996 | June 28, 2010 | Heritage streetcar service opened in 1996, though with only limited days and hours, but ended in 2010. | |
Lynx | Electric | Light rail | November 24, 2007 | |||
CityLynx Gold Line | Electric | July 14, 2015 | Planned to be a modern-streetcar service, but is initially, temporarily operated by the replica-vintage cars formerly used on the Charlotte Trolley heritage service | |||
Concord | Horse | ? | ||||
Steam | c. 1889 | ? | ||||
Accumulator (storage battery) | 1911 | ? | ||||
Electric | 1923 | c. 1929 | ||||
Durham | Horse | ? | ? | |||
Electric | 1902 | 1934 | ||||
Fayetteville | Horse | ? | ? | |||
Steam | c. 1908 | 1909 | ||||
Petrol (gasoline) | ? | ? | ||||
Electric | ? | ? | ||||
Gastonia | Electric | ? | September 21, 1948 | |||
Goldsboro | Electric | 1910
1915 |
1912
c. 1920 |
|||
Greensboro | Horse | ? | ? | |||
Electric | June 11, 1902 | 1934 | ||||
Hendersonville | Horse | ? | ? | |||
Steam | ? | ? | ||||
Petrol (gasoline) | ? | ? | ||||
Electric | 1911 | c. 1920 | ||||
High Point | Accumulator (storage battery) | c. 1906 | ? | |||
Electric | 1912 | 1935 | ||||
New Bern | Accumulator (storage battery) | 1913 | ? | |||
Electric | c. 1913 | 1929 | ||||
Pinehurst | Electric | 1896 | 1907 | |||
Raleigh | Horse | December 25, 1886 | ? | |||
Electric | September 1, 1891 | 1934 | ||||
Salisbury | Electric | 1905 | 1938 | |||
Wilmington | Horse | ? | ? | |||
Electric | 1892 | April 18, 1939 | ||||
♦ Wilmington – Wrightsville Beach | Steam | ? | ? | |||
Electric | c. 1900 | 1939 | ||||
Winston-Salem | Electric | July 14, 1890 | 1936 |
North Dakota
[edit]Name of System | Location | Traction Type |
Interurban or light rail, if applicable | Date (From) | Date (To) | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Bismarck | Electric | February 16, 1904 | February 28, 1931 | Only US town tramway owned by a (federal) state authority. | ||
Fargo | Horse | 1879
July 7, 1882 |
1879
September 18, 1882 |
|||
Electric | February 16, 1904 | August 21, 1937 | Tramway system also served Moorhead, MN. | |||
Grand Forks | Electric | November 20, 1904 | February 1, 1934 | System included an interstate line to East Grand Forks, Minnesota. | ||
Valley City Street & Interurban Railway | Valley City | Electric | December 18, 1905 | c. 1940s | ||
Wahpeton | See Breckenridge, MN. |
Ohio
[edit]Name of System | Location | Traction Type |
Interurban or light rail, if applicable | Date (From) | Date (To) | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Akron Street Railway Co. | Akron | Horse | August 18, 1883 | ? | ||
Electric | October 2, 1888 | March 26, 1947 | ||||
Alliance | Electric | 1888 | July 15, 1939 | |||
Ashtabula | Horse | 1883 | ? | |||
Electric | April 9, 1892 | January 30, 1939 | ||||
Bellaire | Horse | October 16, 1865 | ? | |||
Bellefontaine | Electric | ? | ? | |||
Berea | Horse | ? | ? | |||
Cambridge | Electric | c. 1900 | 1929 | |||
Canton | Horse | 1884 | ? | |||
Electric | March 1890 | April 18, 1931 | ||||
Chillicothe | Electric | c. 1890s | 1930 | |||
Cincinnati Street Railway | Cincinnati (first era) | Horse | 1859 | 1904 | ||
Cable | July 8, 1885 | July 19, 1902 | ||||
Steam | 1866 | 1897 | Mt. Lookout dummy. | |||
Electric | 1889 | April 29, 1951[110] | See Streetcars in Cincinnati, and in this list see also Covington, Kentucky. | |||
Cincinnati Bell Connector | Cincinnati (second era) | Electric | September 9, 2016[111] | |||
Cleveland | Horse | 1860 | 1901 | |||
Cable | December 17, 1890 | January 28, 1901 | ||||
Electric | Interurban (Light rail) | ? | See Streetcars in Cleveland. Last in-street trolley/tram lines closed in 1954, but Shaker light rail lines survived (see Blue and Green Lines). | |||
Columbus | Horse | 1863 | 1892 | |||
Electric | 1891 | September 5, 1948 | ||||
Conneaut | Electric | ? | ? | |||
Coshocton | Electric | ? | 1927 | |||
Dayton | Horse | 1870 | 1895 | |||
Accumulator (storage battery) | May 1893 | ? | ||||
Steam | 1872 | 1886 | ||||
Electric | 1888 | 1947. | See Note. | |||
Defiance | Electric | December 12, 1891 | 1913 | |||
Delaware | Electric | c. 1890s | August 19, 1926 | |||
East Liverpool | Electric | 1892 | April 1939 | |||
Elyria | Electric | c. 1890s | 1931 | |||
Findlay | Horse | 1887 | 1894 | |||
Electric | 1891 | January 31, 1932 | ||||
Fremont | Electric | c. 1900 | 1932 | |||
Gallipolis | Electric | c. 1890s | 1932 | |||
Hamilton | Electric | 1890 | 1933 | |||
Ohio Valley Electric Railway | Ironton | Electric | ? | 1930 | ||
Lancaster | Electric | c. 1890s | October 30, 1937 | |||
Lima | Electric | July 19, 1886
c. 1890s |
?
May 13, 1939 |
|||
Lorain | Electric | c. 1890s | May 7, 1938 | |||
Mansfield | Electric | August 7, 1887 | June 6, 1937 | |||
Marietta | Horse | 1888 | ? | |||
Electric | 1896 | 1934 | ||||
Marion | Electric | c. 1890s | 1933 | |||
Massillon | Electric | 1892 | June 2, 1929 | |||
Middletown | Horse | 1879 | May 4, 1918 | Replaced by motorbus. | ||
Mount Vernon | Electric | c. 1890s | 1917 | |||
New Philadelphia – Dover | Electric | July 4, 1889 | January 26, 1926 | |||
Newark | Electric | c. 1890s | August 10, 1926 | |||
Niles | Electric | 1894 | 1927 | |||
Norwalk | Electric | ? | May 14, 1938 | |||
Painesville | Electric | 1893 | 1926 | |||
Piqua | Electric | c. 1890s | ? | |||
Pomeroy | Electric | November 1900 | 1929 | |||
Portsmouth | Electric | c. 1890s | 1939 | |||
Put-in-Bay | Electric | 1891
1913 |
1910
1914 |
Brief period of operation in 1915, to 30 Jun 1915. | ||
Salem | Electric | May 23, 1890 | December 9, 1911 | |||
Sandusky | Horse | August 3, 1883 | ? | |||
Electric | November 27, 1890 | May 25, 1938 | ||||
Springfield | Electric | 1891 | December 9, 1932 | Town tramway service on interurban line, Dec 1929 – 3 Jun 1938. | ||
Steubenville | Electric | 1888 | December 1938 | |||
Tiffin | Electric | c. 1890s | 1919 | |||
Toledo | Horse | 1860 | 1890 | |||
Electric | 1890 | December 31, 1949 | ||||
Toronto | Electric | ? | ? | |||
Uhrichsville – Dennison | Electric | 1901 | January 1922 | |||
Warren | Electric | 1894 | 1931 | |||
Youngstown | Horse | 1873 | ? | |||
Electric | ? | December 8, 1940 | See also Sharon, Pennsylvania. | |||
Zanesville | Horse | November 13, 1875 | ? | |||
Electric | December 27, 1890 | December 31, 1930 |
- Note for Dayton: Town streetcar services were provided by a single undertaking in most U.S. towns. Such undertakings were often organized by consolidation ("unification") of predecessor undertakings. In most cases, such consolidations were completed before the First World War. Dayton was a notable exception. In this town, five undertakings operated town streetcar services from 1909 to 1933. Conversions to trolleybus began in 1933; remarkably, all five undertakings operated trolleybuses for several months in 1940, before the beginning of consolidations. See Trolleybuses in Dayton for further information.
Oklahoma
[edit]Name of System | Location | Traction Type |
Interurban or light rail, if applicable | Date (From) | Date (To) | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Ardmore Traction Co.[65]: 73 | Ardmore | Electric | January 1906 | 1922 | ||
Bartlesville Interurban Co.[65]: 147–149 | Bartlesville ― Dewey | Electric | Interurban | July 14, 1908 | July 15, 1920 | |
Chickasha Street Railway[65]: 69–70 | Chickasha | Electric | July 12, 1910 | August 14, 1927 | ||
Clinton Street Railway[65]: 61 | Clinton | Petrol (gasoline) | June 1909 | 1911 | ||
Electric | 1912 | August 27, 1914 | ||||
El Reno | Petrol (gasoline)[65]: 51 | ? | 1908 | |||
El Reno Interurban Railway[65]: 51 | Electric | 1908 | 1911 | Acquired by the Oklahoma Railway Co. in 1911 and consolidated into its interurban network. | ||
El Reno Heritage Express | El Reno | Propane | August 25, 2001[112] | Heritage streetcar | ||
Enid City Railway[65]: 77–80 | Enid | Electric | June 3, 1907 | August 31, 1929 | ||
Guthrie Railway Co.[65]: 55 | Guthrie | Electric | May 26, 1905 | July 19, 1916 | Acquired by the Oklahoma Railway Co. in 1916 and consolidated into its interurban network. | |
Lawton Railway & Light Co.[65]: 63–66 | Lawton ― Fort Sill | Electric | Interurban | July 11, 1914 | November 11, 1927 | |
Pittsburg County Railway[65]: 87–89 | McAlester | Electric | September 15, 1903 | 1932 | ||
McAlester ― Hartshorne | Electric | Interurban | November 14, 1904 | April 27, 1947 | ||
Northeast Oklahoma Railroad[65]: 163–167 | Miami ― Commerce ― Cardin ― Picher ― Columbus (Kan.) | Electric | Interurban | December 20, 1920 | December 1939 | |
Muskogee Electric Traction Company[65]: 97–99 | Muskogee | Electric | May 15, 1905 | March 9, 1933 | ||
Muskogee ― Fort Gibson | Electric | Interurban | 1911 | March 9, 1933 | ||
Union Electric Railway[65]: 155–159 | Nowata ― Coffeyville (Kan.) | Electric | Interurban | 1915 | July 17, 1947 | |
Oklahoma Railway Company[65]: 11–20 | Oklahoma City (first era) | Electric | February 7, 1903 | April 13, 1947 | ||
Oklahoma City ― El Reno | Electric | Interurban | December 3, 1911 | November 9, 1946 | ||
Oklahoma City ― Guthrie | Electric | Interurban | July 20, 1916 | November 9, 1946 | ||
Oklahoma City ― Norman | Electric | Interurban | November 1913 | September 27, 1947 | ||
Oklahoma City Streetcar | Oklahoma City (second era) | Electric | December 14, 2018[113] | Reintroduction; see Oklahoma City Streetcar. | ||
Okmulgee Inter-Urban Railway[65]: 93–94 | Okmulgee | Electric | November 20, 1911 | 1919 | ||
Tulsa-Sapulpa Union Railway[65]: 135–138 | Sapulpa | Electric | December 22, 1909 | 1933 | ||
Shawnee-Tecumseh Traction Co.[65]: 83–84 | Shawnee ― Tecumseh | Electric | Interurban | September 1, 1906 | January 9, 1927 | |
Tulsa Street Railway[65]: 123–131 | ♦ Tulsa | Horse | May 27, 1907 | July 1907 | ||
Electric | July 1907 | February 5, 1936 | ||||
Sand Springs Railway[65]: 105–111 | ♦ Tulsa ― Sand Springs | Electric | Interurban | 1911 | January 2, 1955 | |
Tulsa-Sapulpa Union Railway[65]: 135–138 | ♦ Tulsa ― Sapulpa | Electric | Interurban | October 1918 | 1933 |
Oregon
[edit]Name of System | Location | Traction Type |
Interurban or light rail, if applicable | Date (From) | Date (To) | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Albany | Steam | c. 1889 | ? | May have started as late as 1892.[114] | ||
Horse | August 30, 1889[115] | 1909 | ||||
Electric | 1909 | 1918[115] | ||||
Astoria | Horse | May 9, 1888[116] | 1892 | |||
Electric | 1892[116] | June 1924[116] | Seasonal heritage streetcar line, the Astoria Riverfront Trolley, started 1999. | |||
Baker | Horse | June 4, 1890[117] | ? | |||
Corvallis | Horse | June 19, 1890[118] | c. 1898–99[118] | |||
Eugene Street Railway[119] | Eugene | Horse | June 26, 1891 | 1903 | Mule-drawn.[114] | |
Electric | September 26, 1907 | October 15, 1927 | Renamed "Portland, Eugene and Eastern" 1907-1915[119] | |||
Forest Grove | Electric | c. 1906[120] | 1911[120] | |||
Klamath Falls | Horse | July 4, 1907[121] | May 1911[121] | |||
Medford | Electric | 1914[122] | 1920[122] | First streetcar was delivered on 16 March 1914. | ||
Portland (first era) | Horse | c. December 1872 | 1896[123] | First test run on 7 Dec 1872.[124] | ||
Cable | February 22, 1890 | Aug 1904[123] | ||||
Electric | November 1, 1889[125] | February 26, 1950[126][127] | ||||
♦ Portland – Oregon City, Portland – Bellrose | Electric | Interurban | February 16, 1893 | January 25, 1958 | Opening date is for Oregon City line; closure date is same for both. | |
♦ Portland – Vancouver, Washington | Electric | 1917 | 1940 | |||
MAX Light Rail | Portland (second era) | Electric | Light rail | September 5, 1986 | Reintroduction, as MAX Light Rail. | |
Portland Streetcar | July 20, 2001 | Modern-streetcar system. | ||||
Salem | Horse | January 15, 1889[114] | ? | |||
Electric | May 27, 1890[128] | August 4, 1927[114][128] | ||||
Union | Steam | 1895[129] | ? |
Pennsylvania
[edit]Name of System | Location | Traction Type |
Interurban or light rail, if applicable | Date (From) | Date (To) | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Gettysburg Electric Railway | Adams County | Electric | July 1893 | June 1917[citation needed] | ||
Aliquippa | Electric | c. 1910s | 1937 | See also Beaver Falls. | ||
Allentown | Horse | May 21, 1868 | April 17, 1891 | Lehigh Valley Transit Co. | ||
Electric | July 1, 1891 | June 18, 1953 | ||||
Altoona & Logan Valley Electric Railway | Altoona | Horse | c. 1880s | ? | ||
Electric | ? | 1954 | ||||
Bangor | Electric | c. 1900 | 1933 | |||
♦ Bethlehem | Electric | ? | June 18, 1953 | |||
Beaver Falls – New Brighton | Horse | c. 1880s | ? | |||
Electric | ? | 1937 | See also Aliquippa. | |||
Berwick | Electric | c. 1910s | 1924 | |||
Bloomsburg | Electric | c. 1900 | 1926 | |||
Bradford | Horse | c. 1880s | ? | |||
Electric | ? | 1927 | ||||
Butler | Electric | c. 1900 | 1941 | |||
Scranton Railway Company | Carbondale | Electric | ? | ? | ||
Carlisle | Electric | c. 1900 | 1938 | |||
Chambersburg | Electric | c. 1900s | 1928 | |||
♦ Charleroi | Electric | ? | 1953 | |||
♦ Chester | Horse | February 1, 1883 | April 1, 1893 | |||
Electric | December 10, 1892 | 1934 | ||||
♦ Clairton | Electric | ? | ? | |||
West Penn Railways, Coke Division: | ♦ Connellsville | Electric | 1891 | 1952 | ||
Corry | Electric | 1906 | August 27, 1923 | |||
Danville | Electric | c. 1900 | 1924 | |||
♦ Donora | Electric | December 15, 1901 | May 5, 1953 | |||
DuBois | Electric | c. 1890s | 1926 | See also Punxsutawney. | ||
Easton | Horse | June 20, 1889 | December 10, 1892 | |||
Electric | 1892 | November 5, 1939 | See also Phillipsburg, New Jersey. | |||
Erie | Horse | 1867 | ? | |||
Electric | June 25, 1889 | May 11, 1935 | ||||
Springs Horse Railroad | Gettysburg | Horse | ||||
Greensburg | Electric | 1889 | January 3, 1937 | Interurban (West Penn Railways, Coke Division) service continued to 1952. | ||
Hanover | Electric | 1893 | 1931 | See also York. | ||
Harrisburg | Horse | July 4, 1865 | 1892 | |||
Electric | July 20, 1889 | July 16, 1939 | ||||
Hazleton | Electric | c. 1890s | 1932 | |||
Hershey | Electric | October 15, 1904 | December 21, 1946 | |||
Huntingdon | Electric | ? | July 20, 1926 | |||
Indiana | Electric | c. 1900 | 1934 | |||
Jersey Shore | Electric | 1903 | ? | |||
Jim Thorpe | Electric | ? | 1931 | |||
Mauch Chunk Switchback Railway | Jim Thorpe (formerly Mauch Chunk) | Gravity | ||||
Johnstown Traction Company | Johnstown | Horse | c. 1880s | ? | ||
Electric | ? | June 11, 1960[130] | ||||
Kittanning – Ford City | Electric | August 1899 | November 8, 1936 | |||
Conestoga Traction Company | Lancaster | Horse | November 1874 | ? | ||
Electric | 1890 | September 20, 1947 | ||||
♦ Latrobe | Electric | 1900 | 1952 | |||
Lebanon | Electric | 1891 | July 21, 1930 | |||
Leechburg – Apollo | Electric | March 23, 1906 | March 17, 1936 | |||
Lewisburg | Electric | ? | ? | |||
Lewistown | Electric | c. 1900 | ? | |||
Lock Haven | Electric | ? | ? | |||
♦ McKeesport | Electric | 1890 | June 3, 1938 | |||
Meadville | Electric | c. 1890s | 1928 | |||
Milton | Electric | c. 1890s | 1928 | |||
Mount Carmel | Electric | c. 1890s | 1936 | |||
New Castle | Electric | 1889 | 1940 | |||
New Kensington | Electric | 1906 | May 22, 1937 | See also Pittsburgh. | ||
♦ Norristown | Horse | April 8, 1885 | 1893 | Philadelphia and Western, Lehigh Valley Transit interurban. | ||
Electric | July 21, 1893 | September 9, 1933 | ||||
Oakdale – McDonald | Electric | 1907 | October 15, 1927 | See also Pittsburgh. | ||
Oil City – Franklin | Electric | c. 1890s | June 16, 1928 | |||
Philadelphia | Horse | January 20, 1858 | January 14, 1897 | |||
Cable | April 7, 1883 | June 20, 1895 | ||||
Electric | December 15, 1892 | 1992 | Last non Subway–Surface Trolley lines, Routes 23 and 56, closed in 1992. See also: Camden, New Jersey. | |||
SEPTA Subway–Surface Trolley Lines | Electric | 1906 | See SEPTA. | |||
Media–Sharon Hill Line | Electric | Light rail | March 15, 1906 | See SEPTA. | ||
SEPTA Route 15 | Electric | 1859
2005 |
1992
|
Originally opened as a horsecar line in 1859; electrified in 1895; line extensions in 1902–1903. Closed and replaced by buses in 1992. Reopened as a heritage streetcar line in 2005. | ||
♦♦ Philadelphia (Upper Darby) – West Chester | Horse | December 24, 1858 | 1892 | |||
Electric | 1892 | 1954 | (Now mostly part of SEPTA.) | |||
Pittsburgh | Horse | 1859 | 1924 | |||
Cable | September 1888 | June 14, 1891 | ||||
Electric | converted to Light rail | 1888
(1984) |
See: Pittsburgh Railways. Also served many neighboring towns. Converted to and opened as Pittsburgh Light Rail starting on 15 Apr 1984; first downtown subway opened 3 Jul 1985; further modernizations in 1987; modernized Overbrook Line opened in 2004; subway extension to North Shore opened in 2012. Light-rail transit (LRT) system incorporates many segments built previously.[131] | |||
Pittsburgh Railways Interurban Division |
♦♦ Pittsburgh – Charleroi | Electric | ? | 1953 | ||
♦♦ Pittsburgh – McKeesport | Electric | ? | 1963 | |||
Pittsburgh Railways Interurban Division |
♦♦ Pittsburgh – Washington | Electric | ? | August 29, 1953 | ||
♦ Port Vue | Electric | ? | 1919 | |||
Pottstown | Electric | c. 1890s | 1937 | |||
Pottsville | Horse | 1872 | ? | |||
Electric | 1890 | 1932 | ||||
Punxsutawney | Electric | c. 1890s | 1926 | See also Du Bois. | ||
Reading | Horse | 1874 | ? | |||
Electric | November 26, 1888 | January 17, 1952 | ||||
Allenport & Roscoe Street Railway | Roscoe | Electric | 1903 | 1906 | Bought by Pittsburgh Railways | |
Sayre | Electric | c. 1900 | 1930 | |||
♦ Scottdale | Electric | 1891 | 1952 | |||
Scranton | Horse | July 4, 1867 | ? | |||
Scranton Transit Company | Electric | November 30, 1886[132] | December 18, 1954 | Scranton Transit Company was known as Scranton Railway Company until 1934 | ||
Lackawanna and Wyoming Valley Railroad | Scranton - Wilkes-Barre | Electric | ||||
Shamokin | Electric | c. 1890s | 1929 | |||
Sharon | Electric | 1890 | 1939 | See also: Youngstown, Ohio. | ||
Shenandoah | Electric | ? | ? | |||
Stroudsburg | Horse | c. 1870s | ? | |||
Electric | ? | 1928 | ||||
Sunbury | Horse | 1885 | 1890 | |||
Electric | 1885
May 30, 1890 |
1885
March 11, 1939 |
||||
Titusville | Electric | c. 1890s | 1924 | |||
♦ Uniontown | Electric | 1890 | 1952 | |||
Washington and Canonsburg Railway Co. | ♦ Washington | Electric | 1903 | 1909 | Bought by Pittsburgh Railways. | |
Warren | Electric | c. 1900 | 1929 | |||
Waynesboro | Electric | ? | ? | |||
♦ West Chester | Electric | c. 1890s | 1927 | |||
Wilkes-Barre | Horse | July 25, 1866 | ? | |||
Electric | March 1888 | October 14, 1950 | See also Scranton. | |||
Williamsport | Electric | c. 1890s | 1933 | |||
York | Horse | ? | September 1886 | |||
Electric | 1892 | February 1939 | See also Hanover. |
Rhode Island
[edit]Name of System | Location | Traction Type |
Interurban or light rail, if applicable | Date (From) | Date (To) | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Block Island | Horse | ? | c. 1898 | |||
Newport Street Railway (1889-1900) Newport & Fall River Street Railway (1900-1920) Newport Electric Corp. (1920-1929)[133] |
Newport | Electric | August 7, 1889 | 1925/1929 | In 1925, the Fall River to Newport trolley line was replaced by a bus service. However the Bristol Ferry-Newport Electric Railway would run until 1929, when the Mount Hope Bridge was built. | |
Pawtucket Street Railway (1864-1894) Pawtucket Street Railway (Union Traction & Electric Co.) (1894-1902) Pawtucket Street Railway (Rhode Island Co.) (1902-1921) United Electric Railways Co. (1921-1940) |
♦ Pawtucket | Horse | May 26, 1864 | ? | ||
Electric | January 20, 1892 | May 11, 1934 | Service continued between Providence and Pawtucket to 26 Jun 1940. | |||
Union Railroad of Providence (1864-1894) Union Railroad of Providence (Union Traction & Electric Co.) (1894-1902) Union Railroad of Providence (Rhode Island Co.) (1902-1921) United Electric Railways Co. (1921-1948)[134] |
Providence | Horse | May 26, 1864 | April 26, 1894 | ||
Cable | December 25, 1889 | January 26, 1895 | ||||
Electric | January 20, 1892 | May 14, 1948 | ||||
Norwich, Mystic & Westerly Street Railway Company (1903-1905, pre-construction) Norwich and Westerly Railway (1905-1922)[135] |
Westerly | Electric | 1906 | December 31, 1922 | The company was first chartered as the Norwich, Mystic & Westerly Street Railway Company on May 11, 1903, before being renamed to the Norwich and Westerly Railway in December 1905. It would open in 1906. The Norwich and Westerly Railway would be acquired by the Shore Line Electric Railway in 1916. It continued operations until December 31, 1922. | |
Woonsocket Street Railway (1887-1907) Woonsocket Street Railway (Rhode Island Co.) (1907-1921) United Electric Railways Co. (1921-1928) |
Woonsocket | Horse | ? | ? | ||
Electric | September 25, 1888 | December 1928 |
South Carolina
[edit]Name of System | Location | Traction Type |
Interurban or light rail, if applicable | Date (From) | Date (To) | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Anderson | Electric | February 19, 1905 | November 14, 1934 | |||
Charleston | Horse | October 15, 1866 | 1897 | |||
Electric | June 26, 1897 | February 10, 1938 | ||||
Columbia | Horse | October 12, 1886 | 1893 | |||
Electric | May 3, 1893 | March 11, 1927 | Limited service, resumed because of court order, 9 Jan 1931 – 22 Nov 1936. | |||
Gaffney | Steam | 1892 | 1896 | |||
Greenville | Horse | 1875 | 1897 | |||
Electric | 1900 | October 1937 | ||||
Piedmont and Northern Railway | Greenwood – Spartanburg | Electric | Interurban | 1914 | 1954 | Ran from Greenwood to Spartanburg via Belton, Greenville and Greer. (Also a Belton – Anderson spur.) |
Orangeburg | Horse | ? | ? | |||
Rock Hill | Accumulator (storage battery) | February 24, 1912 | 1918 | |||
Spartanburg | Horse | ? | ? | |||
Electric | 1900 | April 27, 1935 | Service suspended 30 Dec 1922. Limited service restored (only one car in operation), 13 Jan 1923 – 21 Jul 1923. Full service resumed 1925. |
South Dakota
[edit]Name of System | Location | Traction Type |
Interurban or light rail, if applicable | Date (From) | Date (To) | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Aberdeen | Electric | November 1910 | 1922 | |||
Deadwood | Horse | ? | ? | |||
Hot Springs | Electric | ? | ? | |||
Pierre | Horse | ? | ? | |||
Rapid City | Horse | ? | ? | |||
Sioux Falls Street Railroad | Sioux Falls | Horse | 1887[136] | 1897 | ||
Sioux Falls Traction System | Electric | October 5, 1907[136] | August 28, 1929[136] | |||
South Dakota Rapid Transit | ♦ Sioux Falls ― East Sioux Falls | Electric | June 13, 1890[137] | 1898[137] | ||
Sioux Falls Terminal Railroad | ♦ Sioux Falls — South Sioux Falls | Steam | June 18, 1889[137] | 1900[138] | ||
Watertown | Horse | ? | ? |
Tennessee
[edit]Name of System | Location | Traction Type |
Interurban or light rail, if applicable | Date (From) | Date (To) | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Athens | Horse | ? | ? | |||
Bristol | Horse | ? | ? | |||
Electric | ? | ? | ||||
Chattanooga | Horse | c. 1875 | 1891 | |||
Electric | June 23, 1889 | April 10, 1947 | ||||
Clarksville | Horse | 1888 | 1896 | |||
Electric | 1896 | July 16, 1928 | ||||
Cleveland | Horse | ? | ? | |||
Columbia | Horse | ? | ? | |||
Jackson | Horse | c. 1880s | ? | |||
Electric | ? | 1939 | ||||
Johnson City | Electric | c. 1890s | 1931 | |||
Knoxville | Horse | April 14, 1876 | 1894 | |||
Electric | May 1, 1890 | August 1, 1947 | ||||
Memphis (first era) | Horse | May 1866 | ? | |||
Electric | ? | 1947 | ||||
MATA Trolley | Memphis (second era) | Electric | April 29, 1993[139] | Main Street Trolley heritage streetcar system opened in 1993; expansions in 1997 and 2004. Rebuilt system reopened in 2018. | ||
Nashville | Horse | c. 1860s | ? | |||
Electric | ? | 1941 |
Texas
[edit]Name of System | Location | Traction Type |
Interurban or light rail, if applicable | Date (From) | Date (To) | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Abilene | Electric | ? | 1931 | |||
Amarillo | Electric | ? | 1940 | |||
Aransas Pass | Mule | ? | ? | |||
Austin | Mule | 1875 | 1891 | |||
Electric | 1891 | 1940 | ||||
Beaumont | Electric | c. 1900 | 1937 | |||
Bonham | Electric | ? | ? | |||
Brownsville | Petrol (gasoline) | ? | ? | Connected Brownsville and San Benito | ||
Electric | 1915 | 1926 | ||||
Cleburne | Electric | ? | 1917 | |||
Corpus Christi | Mule | ? | ? | |||
Steam | ? | ? | ||||
Electric | c. 1890s | 1934 | ||||
Corsicana | Electric | 1902 | September 30, 1931 | |||
Dallas (first era) | Mule | c. 1870s | ? | |||
Cable | ? | ? | Construction started, not completed. | |||
Electric | 1890 | January 15, 1956 | ||||
M-Line Trolley | Dallas (second era) | Electric | July 22, 1989 | Reintroduction, as a heritage streetcar line providing regular transit service.[140] | ||
DART light rail | Electric | Light rail | June 14, 1996 | |||
Dallas Streetcar | Electric | April 13, 2015[141] | ||||
Denison | Mule | c. 1880s | ? | |||
Steam | ? | ? | ||||
Electric | ? | 1931 | ||||
Denton | Electric | ? | 1918 | |||
Dublin | Mule | ? | ? | |||
El Paso (first era) | Horse | October 1882 | 1902 | |||
Electric | January 11, 1902 | 1947 | International tramway (see below) continued in operation until 1973. | |||
International tramway | El Paso – Ciudad Juárez, Chih., México | Mule | October 1882 | 1902 | ||
Electric | January 11, 1902 | July 30, 1973 | Operation suspended Aug 1966 – Nov 1967, and Jul 1969 – Nov 1970 because of bridge reconstruction. Operation restored following closure, in El Paso only, 14 Nov 1973 – 4 May 1974. | |||
El Paso Streetcar | El Paso (second era) | Electric | November 9, 2018[142] | Reintroduction | ||
Fort Worth | Mule | c. 1870s | ? | |||
Electric | ? | 1939 | ||||
Gainesville | Mule | ? | ? | |||
Galveston (first era) | Mule | 1867 | ? | |||
Electric | 1891 | May 1938 | ||||
Galveston Island Trolley | Galveston (second era) | Diesel-electric | July 23, 1988 | Heritage streetcar. Service suspended in 2008 due to damage from Hurricane Ike and reopened on October 1, 2021, limited to three days a week for now.[143] | ||
Galveston–Houston Electric Railway | ♦ Galveston - Houston | Electric | 1911 | 1936 | ||
Greenville | Mule | ? | ? | |||
Electric | ? | December 14, 1918 | ||||
Haskell | Petrol (gasoline) | ? | ? | Connected Haskell and Hemphill Lake. | ||
Hillsboro | Mule | ? | 1898 | |||
Electric | ? | ? | ||||
Houston (first era) | Mule | January 25, 1868 | ? | |||
Electric | June 14, 1891 | June 8, 1940 | ||||
METRORail | Houston (second era) | Electric | Light rail | January 1, 2004 | ||
Lampasas | Mule | ? | ? | |||
Laredo | Electric | January 27, 1890 | 1934 | First electric town streetcar line in Texas. Also operated international tramway line to Nuevo Laredo, México. | ||
Lockhart | Mule | ? | ? | |||
Longview | Mule | ? | ? | |||
Electric | c. 1880s | 1925 | ||||
Marshall | Electric | c. 1880s | 1925 | |||
Matador | Petrol (gasoline) | 1914 | 1936 | Connected Matador and Motley Junction | ||
McKinney | Electric | ? | 1926 | |||
Mineral Wells | Petrol (gasoline) | ? | ? | |||
Electric | 1908 | 1920 | System included line connecting Mineral Wells and Elmhurst Park. | |||
Moscow | Mule | c. 1846 | ? | The opening year of 1846, which appears in a list of Texas town streetcar systems published by the Texas Division, Electric Railroaders Association, is believed unlikely. | ||
Mount Pleasant | Mule | ? | ? | |||
Palestine | Mule | 1875 | 1877 | |||
Paris | Mule | c. 1870s | ? | |||
Electric | ? | 1926 | ||||
Port Arthur | Petrol (gasoline) | ? | ? | |||
Electric | ? | 1938 | ||||
Rockport | Mule | ? | ? | |||
Rusk | Mule | ? | ? | Connected Rusk and New Birmingham. New Birmingham was located 2 mi (3 km) south of Rusk.[144] | ||
San Angelo | Electric | 1908 | ? | |||
San Antonio | Mule | ? | ? | |||
Petrol (gasoline) | ? | ? | ||||
Electric | ? | 1933 | First large U.S. town to replace all electric town streetcar services with motorbuses. | |||
Seguin | Mule | ? | ? | |||
Sherman | Mule | 1877 | 1901 | |||
Electric | ? | 1931 | ||||
Taylor | Mule | 1891 | 1899 | |||
Electric | ? | ? | ||||
Temple | Electric | c. 1900 | 1923 | |||
Texas City | Petrol (gasoline) | ? | ? | |||
Tyler | Electric | c. 1890s | ? | |||
Uvalde | Steam | ? | ? | |||
Petrol (gasoline) | ? | ? | ||||
Vernon | Mule | ? | ? | |||
Victoria | Mule | 1888 | 1894 | |||
Waco | Mule | 1878 | ? | |||
Steam | ? | ? | ||||
Electric | ? | February 3, 1937 | ||||
Waxahachie | Mule | 1892 | 1912 | |||
Electric | 1912 | February 1928 | ||||
Weatherford | Mule | ? | ? | |||
Wichita Falls | Electric | 1909 | 1934 | System included line connecting Wichita Falls and Lake Wichita. | ||
Yubadam | Mule | ? | ? | Located near Tyler. |
- Note: Peschkes (Part Four, 1998, Page 125) states that, although listed in some statistics, streetcar systems were not built in the following towns:
Utah
[edit]Name of System | Location | Traction Type |
Interurban or light rail, if applicable | Date (From) | Date (To) | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Brigham City | Electric | 1907 | 1919 | |||
Logan | Electric | 1910 | 1926 | |||
Ogden | Horse | c. 1880s | ? | |||
Electric | ? | December 26, 1935 | ||||
Provo | Electric | October 1913 | 1919 | |||
Salt Lake City (first era) | Horse | c. 1870s | ? | |||
Electric | ?
1941 |
1941
1945 |
||||
TRAX | Salt Lake City (second era) | Electric | Light rail | December 4, 1999 | Reintroduction, as UTA's TRAX. | |
S Line (Utah Transit Authority) | Electric | December 7, 2013[145] | Modern streetcar system, the S Line (Utah Transit Authority) (originally known as the Sugar House Streetcar project). |
Vermont
[edit]Name of System | Location | Traction Type |
Interurban or light rail, if applicable | Date (From) | Date (To) | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Barre & Montpelier Traction Company (1890s-1925) Vergennes Power Co. (1925-1927) |
Barre-Montpelier | Electric | c. 1890s | 1927 | Connected Barre and Montpelier. | |
Bellows Falls & Saxtons River Street Railway[146] | Bellows Falls-Saxtons River | Electric | 1900 | 1924 | Connected Bellows Falls and Saxtons River through North Westminster. | |
Bennington & Hoosick Valley Railway (1897-1907) Bennington & North Adams Street Railway (1907-1910) Berkshire Street Railway (1910-1927) |
Bennington | Electric | 1897 | 1927 | Connected Bennington with several towns and cities in both Massachusetts and New York State. | |
Brattleboro Street Railway | Brattleboro | Electric | July 31, 1895 | August 29, 1923 | ||
Winooski & Burlington Horse Railroad Company (1872-1893) Burlington Traction Company (1893-1929) |
Burlington | Horse | 1872 | 1893 | ||
Electric | 1893 | August 3, 1929 | ||||
Rutland Street Railway Company (1872-1906) Rutland Railway Light & Power Company (1906-1924) |
Rutland | Horse | 1872 | 1890s | ||
Electric | c. 1890s | 1924 | ||||
Springfield Electric Railway (1897-1921) Springfield Terminal Railroad (1921-1956) |
Springfield | Electric | 1897 | 1956 | Connected Springfield and Charlestown, New Hampshire. | |
St. Albans Street Railway | St. Albans | Electric | 1904 | 1924 | ||
Mount Mansfield Electric Railroad[147] | Stowe-Waterbury | Electric | 1897 | 1932 | Connected Stowe and Waterbury. |
Virginia
[edit]Name of System | Location | Traction Type |
Interurban or light rail, if applicable | Date (From) | Date (To) | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Charlottesville | Horse | c. 1880s | ? | |||
Electric | ? | 1935 | ||||
Danville | Horse | 1886 | 1888 | |||
Electric | ? | 1938 | ||||
Fredericksburg | Horse | ? | ? | |||
Lynchburg | Electric | ? | March 2, 1941 | |||
Norfolk (first era) | Horse | c. 1860s | ? | |||
Electric | ? | July 11, 1947 | ||||
♦ Newport News | Electric | c. 1890s | January 1946 | |||
♦ Portsmouth | Electric | ? | 1936 | |||
Tide Light Rail | Norfolk (second era) | Electric | Light rail | August 19, 2011 | ||
Petersburg | Horse | c. 1880s | ? | |||
Electric | ? | 1936 | ||||
Radford | Electric | ? | ? | |||
Richmond Union Passenger Railway | Richmond | Horse | c. 1860s | ? | ||
Electric | February 2, 1888[148] | November 25, 1949[148] | First successful, reliable, large electrified streetcar system in the world, due to its use of the trolley pole invented by Frank J. Sprague. | |||
Roanoke | Horse | c. 1880s | ? | |||
Electric | ? | August 31, 1948 | ||||
Staunton | Electric | ? | ? | |||
Tazewell | Electric | ? | ? |
Washington
[edit]Name of System | Location | Traction Type |
Interurban or light rail, if applicable | Date (From) | Date (To) | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Aberdeen | Electric | 1905 | July 31, 1932 | Connected Aberdeen, Hoquiam and Cosmopolis. | ||
Bellingham | Horse | March 28, 1891 | ? | |||
Electric | 1891 | December 1, 1938 | ||||
Twin City Railroad | Chehalis | Electric | 1910 | 1929 | Connected Chehalis and Centralia. | |
Everett | Electric | July 3, 1893 | 1923 | |||
Olympia | Horse | c. 1880s | c. 1890s | |||
Electric | c. 1890s | 1932 | ||||
Port Townsend | Steam | ? | c. 1890s | |||
Electric | 1895 | c. 1890s | ||||
Seattle Street Railway | Seattle (first era) | Horse | September 23, 1884 | ? | See: Seattle Street Railway | |
Cable | September 29, 1888 | August 9, 1940 | ||||
Electric | March 30, 1889[149] | 12 Apr 1941 | ||||
Seattle (second era) | Electric | May 29, 1982 | November 18, 2005 | Heritage streetcar line called the Waterfront Streetcar. Operation was suspended in 2005, but long-stalled plans to restore service have been dropped, and three of the five cars were sold in 2016.[150] | ||
Seattle Streetcar | Electric | December 12, 2007[151] | Reintroduction; see Seattle Streetcar. | |||
Central Link | Electric | Light rail | July 18, 2009 | See Link light rail. | ||
South Bend | Electric | 1911 | June 1930 | Connected South Bend and Raymond. | ||
Spokane | Horse | c. 1880s | ? | |||
Cable | September 21, 1889 | July 22, 1894 | ||||
Electric | ? | 1936 | ||||
Stanwood[152] | Petrol (gasoline) | 1904 | 1918[153] | H. & H. Railroad connected Stanwood and East Stanwood. | ||
Steam | 1918 | 1938[153] | ||||
Tacoma (first era) | Horse | May 30, 1888[149] | ? | |||
Cable | August 4, 1891[154] | April 8, 1938[154] | ||||
Electric | February 10, 1890[149] | June 11, 1938[149] | See Streetcars in Tacoma, Washington. | |||
Tacoma Link | Tacoma (second era) | Electric | Light rail | August 22, 2003 | Reintroduction, as Tacoma Link. | |
Vancouver | Electric | ? | 1927 | See also Portland, Oregon. | ||
Walla Walla | Horse | 1890 | 1899 | |||
Electric | December 24, 1906[155] | December 31, 1926[155] | ||||
♦ Walla Walla – Milton-Freewater, Oregon | Electric | April 16, 1907[155] | September 2, 1931[155] | A 14-mile (23 km) electric interurban line.[155] | ||
Yakima Valley Transportation Company | Yakima | Electric | December 25, 1907 | February 1, 1947 | Heritage streetcar service (Yakima Valley Trolleys) began operation October 12, 1974. |
West Virginia
[edit]Name of System | Location | Traction Type |
Interurban or light rail, if applicable | Date (From) | Date (To) | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Bluefield | Electric | c. 1900s | 1936 | |||
Charleston | Electric | ? | 1939 | |||
Clarksburg | Electric | 1899 | 1939 | |||
Fairmont | Electric | 1900 | 1940 | |||
Ohio Valley Electric Railway | Huntington | Electric | c. 1880s | 1938 | ||
Martinsburg | Electric | c. 1890s | c. 1890s | |||
Morgantown | Electric | 1903 | 1934 | Morgantown's modern transit system is the Morgantown Personal Rapid Transit people mover. | ||
Newell | Electric | ? | ? | |||
Parkersburg | Horse | 1889 | ? | |||
Electric | 1898 | May 25, 1947 | ||||
Princeton | Electric | ? | 1940 | |||
Wheeling | Horse | July 21, 1886 | ? | |||
Electric | March 15, 1888 | April 14, 1948 |
Wisconsin
[edit]Name of System | Location | Traction Type |
Interurban or light rail, if applicable | Date (From) | Date (To) | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Wisconsin Traction Light Heat & Power | Appleton | Electric | 1886 | April 6, 1930 | ||
Ashland Light Power & Street Railway Co. | Ashland | Horse | June 29, 1887 | 1893 | ||
Electric | January 22, 1893 | September 25, 1933 | ||||
Beloit Traction | Beloit | Electric | July 31, 1907 | August 12, 1930 | ||
Chippewa Valley Electric Company | ♦ Chippewa Falls | Electric | ? | ? | ||
Chippewa Valley Electric Company | Eau Claire | Horse | 1880 | 1889 | ||
Electric | November 15, 1889 | April 8, 1932 | ||||
Eastern Wisconsin Electric Company | Fond du Lac | Horse | 1888 | 1888 | ||
Electric | October 20, 1893
June 27, 1899 |
1894
1931 |
||||
Green Bay Traction | Green Bay | Electric | June 8, 1894 | November 17, 1937 | ||
Janesville Traction | Janesville | Horse | July 24, 1886 | November 27, 1891 | ||
Electric | June 24, 1892 | July 8, 1929 | ||||
Kaukauna | Electric | January 29, 1902 from Appleton. 1904 from Green Bay. | May 9, 1928 | Served by Wisconsin Traction Light Heat & Power from Appleton and Green Bay Traction. The two systems met in Kaukauna to exchange passengers but did not normally run through despite a physical connection. | ||
Kenosha Electric Streetcar | Kenosha | Electric | February 1, 1903
June 17, 2000[156] |
June 1931
|
Heritage streetcar | |
La Crosse | Horse | 1878 | ? | |||
Electric | 1893 | November 1945 | ||||
Madison Railways Company | Madison | Horse | November 15, 1884 | September 30, 1892 | ||
Electric | 1889 | February 3, 1935 | ||||
Manitowoc & Two Rivers Railway | Manitowoc | Electric | 1902 | May 9, 1927 | Also served Two Rivers | |
Marinette | Horse | 1889 | ? | |||
Electric | 1891 | 1928 | System also served Menominee, Michigan. | |||
Menasha | Electric | ? | ? | Served by Wisconsin Traction Light Heat & Power from Appleton. | ||
Merrill Railway & Lighting Co. | Merrill | Electric | 1889 | 1921 | ||
The Milwaukee Electric Railway and Light Company | Milwaukee (first era) | Horse | August 30, 1860 | ? | ||
Electric | April 3, 1890 | March 2, 1958 | System also included interurban lines | |||
The Hop | Milwaukee (second era) | Electric | November 2, 2018[157] | Reintroduction | ||
Eastern Wisconsin Electric Company | Neenah | Horse | 1880 | ? | ||
Electric | ? | ? | ||||
Eastern Wisconsin Electric Company | Oshkosh | Horse | October 18, 1882 | 1897 | ||
Electric | July 14, 1897 | May 21, 1930 | Omro was served by a line from Oshkosh | |||
Chicago & Wisconsin Valley | Portage | Electric | June 1913 | 1922 | ||
Racine | Horse | October 1883 | ? | |||
Electric | November 1892 | October 1, 1940 | ||||
Wisconsin Power & Light | Sheboygan | Horse | 1886 | 1895 | ||
Electric | November 27, 1895 | 1935 | ||||
Duluth Street Railway | Superior | Horse | August 22, 1887 | 1890 | ||
Electric | July 1, 1890 | June 23, 1935 | System also served Duluth, Minnesota. | |||
Watertown | Electric | June 1926 | July 1927 | |||
Waupaca Electric Light and Railway Company | Waupaca | Electric | July 9, 1899 | July 4, 1925 | ||
Wisconsin Valley Electric | Wausau | Electric | 1906 | October 1, 1940 | ||
Wisconsin Rapids Street Railroad | Wisconsin Rapids | Electric | November 1, 1910 | August 15, 1931 |
Wyoming
[edit]Name of System | Location | Traction Type |
Interurban or light rail, if applicable | Date (From) | Date (To) | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Cheyenne | Horse | ? | ? | |||
Electric | ? | August 15, 1924 | ||||
Sheridan Railway Company[158] | Sheridan | Electric | Streetcar & Interurban | August 11, 1910 | April 1926 | Consisted of 2 city streetcar lines and 1 interurban line |
See also
[edit]- List of town tramway systems – parent article
- List of town tramway systems in North America
- Streetcars in North America
- Light rail in the United States
- List of United States light rail systems by ridership
- List of tram and light rail transit systems
- List of rail transit systems in the United States
- List of metro systems
- List of United States rapid transit systems by ridership
- List of trolleybus systems in the United States
References
[edit]- ^ Middleton, William D. (1967). The Time of the Trolley, pp. 78–79. Milwaukee: Kalmbach Publishing. ISBN 0-89024-013-2.
- ^ a b c d e f g McGraw Publishing Company, McGraw Electric Railway Manual, 1914
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad McGraw Electric Railway Directory. McGraw-Hill Company. August 1920.
- ^ "Streetcars were main mode of transport in early town". The Gadsen Times. Gadsden, Alabama. December 11, 2001. Archived from the original on September 24, 2015.
- ^ "Hart's dream for mountain not realized". The Gadsen Times. Gadsden, Alabama. March 4, 2003. Archived from the original on September 24, 2015.
- ^ "Arizona Weekly News Budget". Arizona Silver Belt. No. 5 February 1903. Retrieved December 19, 2019.
- ^ "Trolley Line for Douglas". Bisbee Daily Review. December 24, 1904. Retrieved December 19, 2019.
- ^ "Arizona's Weekly Industrial Review". The Coconino Sun. June 18, 1920. Retrieved December 19, 2019.
- ^ "Traction Company Quits". Arizona Republican. June 21, 1920. p. 2. Retrieved December 20, 2019.
- ^ "Done Decently". Arizona Weekly Republican. February 23, 1898. p. 6. Retrieved April 11, 2020.
- ^ "The South Side". Arizona Republican. February 5, 1898. p. 6. Retrieved April 11, 2020.
- ^ "Around Town". Weekly Arizona Journal-Miner. June 1, 1904. p. 4. Retrieved April 27, 2019.
- ^ "Prescott Street Railway". Arizona Republican. June 7, 1904. p. 6. Retrieved December 19, 2019.
- ^ "Rousing Meeting Held by Chamber". Weekly Journal-Miner. August 9, 1911. p. 6. Retrieved November 20, 2020.
- ^ "Prescott Street Cars to Resume". Weekly Journal-Miner. June 12, 1912. p. 8. Retrieved November 20, 2020.
- ^ "Douglas Closes Deal for Old Street Cars". Weekly Journal-Miner. March 17, 1915. p. 5. Retrieved November 20, 2020.
- ^ Younger, Jamar (October 11, 2011). "Tucson's historic trolleys will suspend operations until 2013". Arizona Daily Star.
- ^ "Tucson Sun Link streetcar opens". Railway Gazette International. July 25, 2014. Archived from the original on August 7, 2018. Retrieved March 7, 2016.
- ^ "The Era of Trolleys in Fort Smith, Arkansas". Fort Smith Trolley Museum. Fort Smith Streetcar Restoration Association Inc. 1995. Archived from the original on February 23, 2012. Retrieved May 3, 2013.
- ^ Clifford, Jim (April 8, 2019). "Burlingame's battery-powered streetcar". The San Mateo Daily Journal. Retrieved April 10, 2019.
- ^ "Designing for Transit" (PDF). Monterey County. Archived from the original (PDF) on September 22, 2015. Retrieved May 11, 2013.
- ^ Hilton, George W.; Due, John F. (2000) [1960]. The Electric Interurban Railways in America. Stanford, California: Stanford University Press. ISBN 0-8047-4014-3.
- ^ Sacramento Regional Transit
- ^ a b c "SAN DIEGO'S EARLY STREETCARS". San Diego History Center. Retrieved May 11, 2013.
- ^ "Metropolitan Transit System - General Information". San Diego Metropolitan Transit System. 2015. Retrieved January 2, 2015.
- ^ a b SFMTA
- ^ "VTA Facts - Light Rail System Overview" (PDF). Santa Clara Valley Transportation Authority. Archived from the original (PDF) on August 20, 2013. Retrieved March 3, 2013.
- ^ Robinson, Bert (December 11, 1987). "All Aboard - It's Off and Rolling". The Mercury News. San Jose, California. Section A, p. 1.
- ^ Santa Clara Valley Transportation Authority
- ^ "Port of Los Angeles Waterfront Red Car Line". Archived from the original on February 26, 2011. Retrieved March 30, 2008.
- ^ a b c Feitz, Leland (1971). Colorado Trolleys (2nd ed.). Colorado Springs: Little London Press.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w Litvak, Dianna; Raath, Ethan; VanderKwaak, Nick; Wahlers, Jennifer. "Historic Streetcar Systems of Colorado" (PDF). Colorado Department of Transportation Applied Research and Innovation Branch. Colorado Department of Transportation - Research. Retrieved August 25, 2022.
- ^ "History - The FCMR Society". Fort Collins Municipal Railway Society. April 24, 2014. Archived from the original on July 15, 2014. Retrieved July 7, 2014.
- ^ Abbott, Alana (September 3, 2012). "Following the Trolley Tracks". Groton Patch. Archived from the original on June 30, 2013. Retrieved May 8, 2013.
- ^ Laris, Michael (February 27, 2016). "D.C. streetcar makes its first voyages on H Street. 'Is it really happening?'". The Washington Post. Retrieved March 7, 2016.
- ^ "Arcadia". January 13, 2018.
- ^ "Billy Bowlegs III and the street railway of Arcadia". State Library and Archives of Florida – via Florida Memory.
- ^ McGraw Transit Directory (1918)
- ^ Yale University Class of 1914, George Washington Patterson, Yale University
- ^ Tebeau, Charlton W. (1957). Florida's Last Frontier: The History of Collier County. Copeland Studies in Florida History. Miami, Florida: University of Miami Press. pp. 129–130. LCCN 57-12971.
- ^ a b Mann, Robert W. (1957). The Streetcars of Florida's First Coast. Charleston S.C.: History Press, The. p. 180. ISBN 9781626197077.
- ^ Directory of American Street Railway Investments (various years).
- ^ Mann, Robert W. (1957). The Streetcars of Florida's First Coast. Charleston S.C.: History Press, The. pp. 193–198. ISBN 9781626197077.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j Mann, Robert W. (1957). The Streetcars of Florida's First Coast. Charleston S.C.: History Press, The. pp. 17–148. ISBN 9781626197077.
- ^ "Miami-Dade Transit History". Miami-Dade County. Archived from the original on November 15, 2016.
- ^ "IMC Agrico Phosphate Company collection".
- ^ Mann, Robert W. (1957). The Streetcars of Florida's First Coast. Charleston S.C.: History Press, The. pp. 183–189. ISBN 9781626197077.
- ^ Mann, Robert W. (1957). The Streetcars of Florida's First Coast. Charleston S.C.: History Press, The. pp. 151–175. ISBN 9781626197077.
- ^ Mann, Robert W. (1957). The Streetcars of Florida's First Coast. Charleston S.C.: History Press
- ^ "Light Rail Of Past: Celery Belt Line - tribunedigital-orlandosentinel". Archived from the original on November 19, 2015.
- ^ a b c d "Tampa's Streetcar System – TAMPA PRESERVATION, INC". Archived from the original on September 17, 2016. Retrieved July 29, 2016.
- ^ TECO Line Streetcar
- ^ "Streetcars in Albany". RailGA.com. February 11, 2013. Retrieved September 2, 2013.
- ^ a b Shapiro, Jonathan (December 30, 2014). "Will Residents Use The New Atlanta Streetcar?". WABE 90.1 FM. Archived from the original on January 2, 2015. Retrieved January 2, 2015.
- ^ "Atlanta streetcar breaks ground". Railway Gazette International. February 21, 2012. Retrieved August 7, 2013.
- ^ a b c d "Streetcars in Savannah". RailGa.com. June 6, 2013. Retrieved September 2, 2013.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at au av aw ax ay az ba bb Central Electric Railfans' Association (1975). Carlson, Norman (ed.). Iowa Trolleys (1st ed.). Chicago: Central Electric Railfans' Association.
- ^ Moran, Dan (July 27, 2011). "Last Waukegan streetcar will be riding the rails again". Lake County News-Sun. Sun-Times Media. Archived from the original on June 30, 2013. Retrieved May 8, 2013.
- ^ "SUBSIDIARIES AND SYNONYMS". North Shore Line. Archived from the original on January 24, 2001. Retrieved May 11, 2013.
- ^ "Street Car, Brownstown, Indiana". Indiana Historical Society.
- ^ a b Johnson Taggart, Charles (2021) [1994]. "Streetcars". Digital Encyclopedia of Indianapolis. Indianapolis Public Library. Retrieved December 6, 2022.
- ^ Grant, H. Roger; Hofsommer, Don L. (2009). Iowa's Railroads: An Album. Indiana University Press. ISBN 9780253220738. JSTOR j.ctt16gh7gp. Retrieved August 23, 2022.
- ^ "Ames & College Railway (The Dinkey)". Ames History Museum. Retrieved August 23, 2022.
- ^ "Fort Dodge, Des Moines & Southern Railroad Company". Ames History Museum. Retrieved August 23, 2022.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u Chandler, Allison; Maguire, Stephen D. (1980). When Oklahoma Took the Trolley. Glendale: Interurban Press. ISBN 0-916374-35-1.
- ^ "Cars for Fort Scott, Kansas". Street Railway Journal. 23 (16). McGraw Publishing Company: 607. April 16, 1904. Retrieved August 18, 2022.
- ^ Caldwell, Bill (February 16, 2019). "Joplin & Pittsburg Railway tied Southeast Kansas and Southwest Missouri together". The Joplin Globe. Retrieved August 18, 2022.
- ^ Haen, Michael Edward (1968). Boom years of Iola, Kansas: 1896-1907. Kansas State University. Retrieved August 18, 2022.
- ^ Demuth, Gary (July 25, 2018). "Uncovering history". Salina Journal. Retrieved August 18, 2022.
- ^ a b John T. Davis (August 2011). "Topeka's Complete Trolley Railway History". The Steel Rails Advocate. Archived from the original on July 14, 2014. Retrieved July 11, 2014.
- ^ John T. Davis (August 2011). "The Steam Era of the Topeka Rapid Transit Railway". The Steel Rails Advocate. Archived from the original on July 18, 2014. Retrieved August 18, 2022.
- ^ John T. Davis (August 2011). "Important Dates in Topeka Railway History and Successors". The Steel Rails Advocate. Archived from the original on July 17, 2014. Retrieved August 18, 2022.
- ^ "The Street Cars [Begin Operation]". The Daily Postal Card. May 9, 1886. Retrieved April 15, 2024.
- ^ "Street Car Line Now a Thing of the Past". The Monitor-Press. December 12, 1890. Retrieved April 15, 2024.
- ^ "Street Railway Changes Hands". Winfield Daily Courier. January 15, 1923. Retrieved April 20, 2024.
- ^ "Street Cars: The Electric Railway in Operation". Frankfort Roundabout. March 31, 1894. p. 4.
- ^ "Happy Day in Henderson". The Twice-A-Week Messenger (Owensboro, Kentucky). February 7, 1895. p. 4.
- ^ "Electric Cars". Evening Bulletin. January 17, 1891. p. 2.
- ^ "Street Cars Are Discontinued As Bus Trips Begin". Owensboro Messenger. April 15, 1934. p. 1.
- ^ Hennick, Louis C.; Charlton, E. Harper (1962). Louisiana: Its Street and Interurban Railways. Vol. 1. Shreveport, LA (US): Louis C. Hennick. pp. 31–32.
- ^ "Augusta/Waterville Maine Interurbans".
- ^ "Streetcars in Fairfield, Maine". Google Image Search.
- ^ "Town History of Fryeburg, Maine". Archived from the original on September 16, 2009.
- ^ Cummings, Osmond Richard. "Portland-Lewiston Interurban: a history of the finest electric interurban railway to run in the State of Maine". Bangor Public Library. Retrieved September 5, 2014.
- ^ "Norway's Trolley". Norway Historical Society. Archived from the original on July 14, 2013. Retrieved April 23, 2013.
- ^ The History of the T, MBTA website official history page, retrieved 2019-10-19
- ^ "1880s-Chariots of Change". Chariots of Change - Digital Exhibit. Wistariahurst. 2013. Archived from the original on January 13, 2013.
- ^ "U.S. Streetcar Systems- Massachusetts - Lowell". RPR Inc. Retrieved July 7, 2014.
- ^ "Lowell, Massachusetts". APTA Streetcar and Heritage Trolley Site (Hosted by the Seashore Trolley Museum). Retrieved July 7, 2014.
- ^ "Lowell, Massachusetts". APTA Streetcar and Heritage Trolley Site. American Public Transportation Society; Seashore Trolley Museum. Archived from the original on July 2, 2018.
- ^ Electric Railway at Lynn, Mass., Electric Power, January, 1889, page 21
- ^ The Thomson-Houston Road at Lynn, Mass., The Electrical World, Dec. 8, 1888, page 303
- ^ "Famous Firsts in Massachusetts". History of Massachusetts. Secretary of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts. Retrieved August 31, 2020.
1888 The first electric trolley in the state runs in Lynn.
- ^ "A BRIEF HISTORY OF LYNN". About Lynn. City of Lynn. Archived from the original on October 5, 2019. Retrieved October 19, 2019.
The first Electric Trolley in the state ran from Lynn in 1888
- ^ a b c d Page, Herman (April 2009). Rails Across Martha's Vineyard. Newton Kansas: Mennonite Press. pp. 40, 45, 50, 51, 53. ISBN 978-0-942035-83-4.
- ^ a b Schramm, Kenneth (2006). Detroit's Street Railways. Images of Rail. Charleston, SC: Arcadia Publishing. pp. 7–8, 11–13. ISBN 0-7385-4027-7.
- ^ Kurlyandchik, Mark (May 2012). "After 50+ Years, Streetcars Could Come Back to Woodward". Hour Detroit. ISSN 1098-9684. Archived from the original on June 19, 2012. Retrieved August 20, 2012.
- ^ a b c Prosser, Richard S. (2007). Rails to the NorthStar. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press.
- ^ Wyatt
- ^ Horsley, Lynn (May 6, 2016). "After years of planning, setbacks, hard work, KC celebrates streetcar grand opening". The Kansas City Star. Retrieved May 7, 2016.
- ^ "Springfield Streetcar Plan (site)". Springfield Streetcar Plan. June 10, 2011. Retrieved February 15, 2018.
- ^ Omaha Streetcar
- ^ a b Barber, Alicia. "Reno Traction Company (site)". Reno Historical (Special Collections, University of Nevada, Reno Libraries). Retrieved July 10, 2014.
- ^ "Vizettes: Isolated New Hampshire Trolley Systems". www.vizettes.com.
- ^ "Vizettes: Manchester and Nashua, New Hampshire Trolley Systems". www.vizettes.com.
- ^ "Vizettes: Portsmouth and Dover, New Hampshire Trolley Systems". www.vizettes.com.
- ^ "Beacon Main Street Access Committee Advisory Report February 2022 Draft" (PDF). Retrieved April 15, 2023.
- ^ "Vizettes: Northern New York Trolley Systems". www.vizettes.com.
- ^ Gargan, Edward A. (October 10, 1984). "Buffalo Trolley Line Clangs to a Start". The New York Times. Archived from the original on December 22, 2015. Retrieved October 17, 2015.
- ^ O'Neill, Tom (August 18, 2001). "Exhibit commemorates the streetcar era". Cincinnati Enquirer. Retrieved April 7, 2009.
- ^ Coolidge, Sharon (September 9, 2016). "It's a go: Streetcar finally opens". The Cincinnati Enquirer. Retrieved September 10, 2016.
- ^ Scott, Ben (August 22, 2001). "Dedication readied for El Reno trolley". The Oklahoman. Retrieved September 22, 2020.
- ^ "OKC Streetcar service begins" (Press release). City of Oklahoma City. December 14, 2018. Retrieved December 21, 2018.
- ^ a b c d Thompson, Richard (2008). Willamette Valley Railways. Arcadia Publishing. ISBN 978-0-7385-5601-7.
- ^ a b Thompson, Richard. "Albany streetcar system". The Oregon Encyclopedia. Portland State University. Retrieved May 17, 2014.
- ^ a b c Thompson, Richard. "Astoria streetcar system". The Oregon Encyclopedia. Portland State University. Retrieved May 17, 2014.
- ^ Thompson, Richard. "Baker City streetcar system". The Oregon Encyclopedia. Portland State University. Retrieved May 17, 2014.
- ^ a b Thompson, Richard. "Corvallis streetcar system". The Oregon Encyclopedia. Portland State University. Retrieved May 17, 2014.
- ^ a b Thompson, Richard. "Eugene streetcar system". The Oregon Encyclopedia. Portland State University. Retrieved May 17, 2014.
- ^ a b Thompson, Richard. "Forest Grove streetcar system". The Oregon Encyclopedia. Portland State University. Retrieved May 12, 2015.
- ^ a b Thompson, Richard. "Klamath Falls streetcar system". The Oregon Encyclopedia. Portland State University. Retrieved May 17, 2014.
- ^ a b Thompson, Richard. "Medford-Jacksonville streetcar system". The Oregon Encyclopedia. Portland State University. Retrieved May 17, 2014.
- ^ a b Thompson, Richard M. (2010). Portland's Streetcar Lines. Arcadia Publishing. pp. 11, 15. ISBN 978-0-7385-8126-2.
- ^ Labbe, John T. (1980). Fares, Please! Those Portland Trolley Years. Caldwell, Idaho: Caxton. ISBN 0-87004-287-4.
- ^ The Morning Oregonian, November 4, 1889, p. 4.
- ^ Thompson, Richard (2006). Portland's Streetcars, p. 113. Arcadia Publishing. ISBN 0-7385-3115-4.
- ^ Smith, Virgil S. (27 Feb 1950). "Nostalgic Souvenir Hunters Crowd Streetcars on Final Portland Runs". The Oregonian.
- ^ a b Thompson, Richard. "Salem streetcar system". The Oregon Encyclopedia. Portland State University. Retrieved May 17, 2014.
- ^ Thompson, Richard. "Union streetcar system". The Oregon Encyclopedia. Portland State University. Retrieved May 17, 2014.
- ^ Schneider, Fred W.; Carlson, Stephen P. (1983). PCC From Coast To Coast. Glendale, CA (US): Interurban Press. ISBN 0-916374-57-2.
- ^ "U.S. Urban Rail Transit Lines Opened From 1980: Appendix". publictransit.us. October 25, 2010. Archived from the original on November 3, 2013. Retrieved November 2, 2013. (See also Port Authority of Allegheny County.)
- ^ "museum". The Electric City Trolley Museum Association. Retrieved May 4, 2013.
- ^ "Vizettes: Southeastern Rhode Island (Newport) Trolley Systems". www.vizettes.com.
- ^ "Vizettes: Northern Rhode Island Trolley Systems". www.vizettes.com.
- ^ "Vizettes: Westerly Rhode Island Trolley Systems". www.vizettes.com.
- ^ a b c "The Trolleys of Sioux Falls". Greetings from Sioux Falls. Retrieved August 17, 2022.
- ^ a b c Danielson, Bruce. "Dakota Territory & Sioux Falls Railroads" (PDF). southdacola.com. Sioux Falls City Council. Retrieved August 17, 2022.
- ^ "Railroad Retirement Board (RRB) Employer Historical File, 2014" (PDF). Governmentattic.org. U.S. Railroad Retirement Board. Retrieved August 17, 2022.
- ^ Wilkins, Van (Spring 1996). "Heritage Trolleys in Memphis and Galveston". The New Electric Railway Journal. Free Congress Foundation. ISSN 1048-3845. Retrieved May 27, 2011.
- ^ Young, Andrew D. (1997). Veteran & Vintage Transit. St. Louis: Archway Publishing. p. 76. ISBN 0-9647279-2-7.
- ^ Appleton, Roy (April 14, 2015). "Downtown-Oak Cliff streetcar debuts with speeches, curious riders". The Dallas Morning News. p. 1B. Archived from the original on August 19, 2016. Retrieved April 15, 2015.
- ^ "El Paso streetcars make their return after 45-year absence". El Paso Times. November 9, 2018. Retrieved November 10, 2018.
- ^ Simone, Sydney (October 1, 2021). "Historic Galveston Trolley opens after being closed since Hurricane Ike". KIAH. Archived from the original on October 6, 2021.
- ^ Long, Christopher (June 15, 2010). "NEW BIRMINGHAM, TX". Texas State Historical Association. Archived from the original on March 7, 2016. Retrieved February 25, 2016. See also: March, Bill (June 15, 2010). "RUSK TRANSPORTATION COMPANY". Texas State Historical Association. Retrieved February 25, 2016.
- ^ "Salt Lake City welcomes S-Line". Railway Gazette International. Sutton, London: Railway Gazette Group. December 9, 2013. Archived from the original on December 13, 2013. Retrieved December 27, 2013.
- ^ "Vizettes: Southern Vermont Trolley Systems". www.vizettes.com.
- ^ "Vizettes: Northern Vermont Trolley Systems". www.vizettes.com.
- ^ a b IEEE Richmond Section (February 1992). "Milestones:Richmond Union Passenger Railway, 1888". IEEE Global History Network. IEEE. Retrieved August 9, 2014.
- ^ a b c d Kershner, Jim (2019). Transit: The Story of Public Transportation in the Puget Sound Region. HistoryLink, Documentary Media. pp. 13, 16, 57. ISBN 978-1-933245-55-3. OCLC 1084619121.
- ^ Green, Josh (January 14, 2016). "Seattle's old waterfront streetcars will live on - in different ways". KING 5 News. Archived from the original on January 25, 2016. Retrieved March 7, 2016.
- ^ Seattle Times Staff (December 12, 2007). "Streetcar starts service". The Seattle Times. Retrieved March 7, 2016.
- ^ Written at Stanwood, Washington. "Stanwood News". The Tacoma Daily Ledger. Tacoma, Washington. December 12, 1905. Retrieved April 18, 2023.
Stanwood is the smallest town in the state boasting of a street car system.
- ^ a b Welch, Doug (January 3, 1938). "Huff and a Puff! That's About All — Engine Heading for Last Roundup". Seattle Post–Intelligencer. p. 9.
The H. and H. Railway's old Climax engine, "The Dinky," puffs through the streets of Stanwood
- ^ a b Hilton, George (1997). The Cable Car in America. Stanford University Press. p. 465. ISBN 978-0804730525.
- ^ a b c d e Thompson, Richard. "Walla Walla Valley Railway". The Oregon Encyclopedia. Portland State University. Retrieved May 17, 2014.
- ^ Tramways & Urban Transit, September 2000, pp. 348–349. ISSN 1460-8324.
- ^ Ryan, Sean (November 2, 2018). "Milwaukee streetcar draws a crowd on first day of service". Milwaukee Business Journal. Retrieved November 3, 2018.
- ^ "The Trolley". Downtown Sheridan Association. Archived from the original on September 29, 2017. Retrieved September 29, 2017.