List of million-plus urban agglomerations in India
India is a country in South Asia and is the seventh-largest country by geographical area, the most-populous country with more than 1.4 billion people, home to nearly 17.5 percent of the world's population.[1] India consists of twenty-eight states and eight union territories.[2]
Census
The first official population census of India was conducted in 1872 and every ten years since 1951 by the office of the Registrar General and Census Commissioner under the Ministry of Home Affairs.[3][4] The last official census was conducted in 2011.[5] The next census due in 2021 was delayed due to the COVID-19 pandemic and is scheduled for 2024.[6]
As per Government of India, an urban agglomeration (U.A.) is a continuous urban spread constituting a town and its adjoining outgrowths (OGs), or two or more physically contiguous towns together with or without outgrowths of such towns. An Urban Agglomeration must consist of at least a statutory town and its total population should not be less than 20,000 as per the 2001 Census. In varying local conditions, there were similar other combinations that have been treated as urban agglomerations satisfying the basic condition of contiguity.[7]
Following is the list of urban agglomerations in India with a population of more than one million as per the 2011 census. As per the 2011 census, there were 52 (according to provisional census results, 53[8]) urban agglomerations or cities with population of one million and above.[9][a][8]
| Town/UA[b] | Level
(2011) |
State/UT | Area (km2) (2011) |
Pop. (2011) |
Area (km2) (2001) |
Pop. (2001) |
Area (km2) (1991) |
Pop. (1991) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mumbai | U.A. | Maharashtra | 1,063.49 | 18,394,912 | 1,135.11 | 16,434,386 | 1,040.9 | 12,596,243 |
| Delhi | U.A. | Delhi | 1,139.48 | 16,349,831 | 912.52 | 12,895,547 | 685.34 | 8,471,625 |
| Kolkata | U.A. | West Bengal | 1,056.13 | 14,057,991 | 1,046.46 | 13,251,339 | 920.65 | 11,110,314 |
| Chennai | U.A. | Tamil Nadu | 932.47 | 8,653,521 | 788.69 | 6,686,140 | 580.06 | 5,416,903 |
| Bengaluru | U.A. | Karnataka | 748.42 | 8,520,435 | 539.85 | 5,701,446 | 449.7 | 4,137,314 |
| Hyderabad | U.A. | Telangana | 1,225.59 | 7,677,018 | 838.03 | 5,756,729 | 838.03 | 4,344,437 |
| Ahmedabad | U.A. | Gujarat | 1,060.95 | 6,357,693 | 613.81 | 4,912,912 | 425.17 | 3,631,233 |
| Pune | U.A. | Maharashtra | 502.78 | 5,057,709 | 675.66 | 3,768,612 | 423.42 | 2,493,987 |
| Surat | U.A. | Gujarat | 431.01 | 4,591,246 | 289.83 | 2,820,373 | 114.07 | 1,514,545 |
| Jaipur | Town | Rajasthan | 484.64 | 3,046,163 | 484.64 | 2,322,575 | 218.26 | 1,518,235 |
| Kanpur | U.A. | Uttar Pradesh | 301.16 | 2,920,496 | 301.02 | 2,715,555 | 298.98 | 2,029,889 |
| Lucknow | U.A. | Uttar Pradesh | 393.6 | 2,902,920 | 337.5 | 2,245,509 | 337.5 | 1,669,204 |
| Nagpur | U.A. | Maharashtra | 229.2 | 2,497,870 | 229.2 | 2,129,500 | 228.81 | 1,664,006 |
| Ghaziabad | U.A. | Uttar Pradesh | 263.29 | 2,375,820 | 161.21 | 1,217,543 | 79.89 | 578,680 |
| Indore | U.A. | Madhya Pradesh | 233.6 | 2,170,295 | 165.17 | 1,516,918 | 165.17 | 1,109,056 |
| Coimbatore | U.A. | Tamil Nadu | 696.25 | 2,136,916 | 598.12 | 1,601,194 | 317.23 | 1,100,746 |
| Kochi | U.A. | Kerala | 843.84 | 2,119,724 | 477.08 | 1,410,666 | 426.67 | 1,242,115 |
| Patna | U.A. | Bihar | 142.46 | 2,049,156 | 135.19 | 1,697,976 | 132.27 | 1,140,100 |
| Kozhikode | U.A. | Kerala | 909.79 | 2,028,399 | 334.94 | 1,101,157 | 339.67 | 945,802 |
| Bhopal | U.A. | Madhya Pradesh | 336.06 | 1,886,100 | 298.48 | 1,458,416 | 284.9 | 1,062,771 |
| Thrissur | U.A. | Kerala | 990.91 | 1,861,269 | 310.49 | 773,598 | 252.65 | 627,063 |
| Vadodara | U.A. | Gujarat | 310.35 | 1,822,221 | 213.88 | 1,491,045 | 132.54 | 1,127,903 |
| Agra | U.A. | Uttar Pradesh | 166.21 | 1,760,285 | 149.37 | 1,374,493 | 145.36 | 961,420 |
| Visakhapatnam | Town | Andhra Pradesh | 513.61 | 1,728,128 | 325.83 | 1,345,938 | 310.97 | 1,044,119 |
| Malappuram | U.A. | Kerala | 819.39 | 1,699,060 | 152.67 | 311,558 | 137.11 | 243,427 |
| Thiruvananthapuram | U.A. | Kerala | 542.57 | 1,679,754 | 256.22 | 1,050,933 | 242.07 | 959,256 |
| Kannur | U.A. | Kerala | 1,003.66 | 1,640,986 | 638.95 | 1,212,898 | 647.14 | 1,145,476 |
| Ludhiana | Town | Punjab | 159.37 | 1,618,879 | 159.37 | 1,398,467 | 134.67 | 1,042,740 |
| Nashik | U.A. | Maharashtra | 321.98 | 1,561,809 | 321.98 | 1,152,326 | 321.94 | 725,341 |
| Vijayawada | U.A. | Andhra Pradesh | 283.58 | 1,476,931 | 101.2 | 1,039,518 | 104.71 | 845,756 |
| Madurai | U.A. | Tamil Nadu | 151.34 | 1,465,625 | 143.43 | 1,220,898 | 110.21 | 1,077,158 |
| Varanasi | U.A. | Uttar Pradesh | 118.68 | 1,432,280 | 114.31 | 1,216,392 | 106.82 | 1,039,939 |
| Meerut | U.A. | Uttar Pradesh | 186.61 | 1,420,902 | 183.64 | 1,172,106 | 177.58 | 849,799 |
| Faridabad | Town | Haryana | 204.00 | 1,414,050 | 198.75 | 1,055,938 | 178.24 | 617,717 |
| Rajkot | U.A. | Gujarat | 185.38 | 1,390,640 | 163.14 | 1,003,015 | 69 | 654,490 |
| Jamshedpur | U.A. | Jharkhand | 184.07 | 1,339,438 | 159.55 | 1,104,713 | 159.55 | 829,171 |
| Jabalpur | U.A. | Madhya Pradesh | 237.16 | 1,268,848 | 205.15 | 1,098,000 | 224.45 | 888,916 |
| Srinagar | U.A. | Jammu and Kashmir | 304.27 | 1,264,202 | 242.6 | 988,210 | NA | NA |
| Asansol | U.A. | West Bengal | 369.34 | 1,243,414 | 351.93 | 1,067,369 | 280.74 | 938,067 |
| Vasai-Virar | Town | Maharashtra | 319.39 | 1,222,390 | 74.55 | 518,601 | 50.69 | 215,762 |
| Allahabad | U.A. | Uttar Pradesh | 115.46 | 1,212,395 | 85.69 | 1,042,229 | 82.18 | 844,546 |
| Dhanbad | U.A. | Jharkhand | 240.66 | 1,196,214 | 223.06 | 1,065,327 | 207.99 | 828,301 |
| Aurangabad | U.A. | Maharashtra | 148.12 | 1,193,167 | 148.12 | 892,483 | 148.12 | 592,709 |
| Amritsar | U.A. | Punjab | 136 | 1,183,549 | 136 | 1,003,917 | 114.95 | 708,835 |
| Jodhpur | U.A. | Rajasthan | 132.97 | 1,138,300 | 90.34 | 860,818 | 78.6 | 666,279 |
| Ranchi | U.A. | Jharkhand | 197.36 | 1,126,720 | 182.09 | 863,495 | 182.09 | 614,795 |
| Raipur | U.A. | Chhattisgarh | 192.55 | 1,123,558 | 128.05 | 743,494 | 64.29 | 462,694 |
| Kollam | U.A. | Kerala | 364.51 | 1,110,668 | 78.55 | 418,743 | 77.24 | 365,130 |
| Gwalior | U.A. | Madhya Pradesh | 183.71 | 1,102,884 | 180.16 | 865,548 | 303.18 | 717,780 |
| Durg-Bhilainagar | U.A. | Chhattisgarh | 335.63 | 1,064,222 | 340.75 | 927,864 | 202.3 | 705,076 |
| Tiruchirappalli | U.A. | Tamil Nadu | 211.51 | 1,022,518 | 198.55 | 887,865 | 170.57 | 729,127 |
| Kota | Town | Rajasthan | 527.03 | 1,001,694 | 225.87 | 703,150 | 221.36 | 537,371 |
Notes:
- Chandigarh U.A. was included in the list of million plus populous Towns/U.A.s as per provisional census[8] having 51st rank but in the final population totals, its population fell short of one million ranking 55th after two less than million populous Towns/U.A.s - Mysore U.A., Bareilly U.A.[9] and as a result of it, the number of million plus populous Towns/U.A.s in India is 52 though as per the provisional census it was 53. As a result, the rank of Tiruchirappalli changed from 52 to 51 and that of Kota 53 to 52.
- Town is written in the "Level" column for an independent town which is not a part of any urban agglomeration (U.A.).
- Bold represents the capital of the respective state or union territory or the capital is part of the respective urban agglomeration - example - Gandhinagar, a state capital is a part of the Ahmedadbad U.A. [9]
- The mentioned final figures are slightly different from provisional figures.
Demographia
As per Demographia, an urban built-up area consists of all continuous and non-continuous urban areas within a metropolitan area. As per the 2023 report, there were 65 urban areas with more than one million inhabitants in India.[11]
See also
- List of cities in India by population
- List of metropolitan areas in India
- List of states and union territories of India by population
- Demographics of India
Notes
- ^ The population figures of cities in Kerala are inflated as the definition of urban agglomeration was revised in the 2011 census. The population of urban agglomerations in Kerala is not comparable with other cities in the country.
- ^ The population figures of cities in Kerala are inflated as the definition of urban agglomeration was revised in the 2011 census. The population of urban agglomerations in Kerala is not comparable with other cities in the country.[10]
References
- ^ "World Population Prospects 2022". Population Division. United Nations. Retrieved 10 December 2023.
- ^ "States and union territories". Census of India. Government of India. Archived from the original on 27 January 2011. Retrieved 31 January 2011.
- ^ "Census Organisation of India". Government of India. Archived from the original on 1 December 2008. Retrieved 31 January 2012.
- ^ "Brief history of census". Government of India. Archived from the original on 13 November 2013. Retrieved 31 January 2012.
- ^ "Census 2011 Provisional Population Totals" (PDF). The Hindu. Archived (PDF) from the original on 3 November 2013.
- ^ Hrishikesh, Sharanya (18 January 2023). "Census in India: Baffling lack of data is hurting Indians". BBC News. Retrieved 29 September 2024.
- ^ Circular, census catalog (PDF) (Report). Government of India. Retrieved 1 November 2023.
- ^ a b c Urban Agglomerations and Cities having population 1 lakh and above (PDF). Provisional Population Totals, Census of India 2011 (Report). The Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India. Archived from the original (PDF) on 10 March 2020. Retrieved 10 August 2014.
- ^ a b c d "A-04 (I): Towns and urban agglomerations classified by population size class in 2011 with variation between 1901 and 2011 - Class I (population of 100,000 and above)". Census of India. Office of the Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India. Retrieved 29 October 2024.
- ^ "INDIA STATS : Million plus cities in India as per Census 2011". Press Information Bureau, Mumbai. National Informatics Centre (NIC). Archived from the original on 30 June 2015. Retrieved 7 February 2012.
- ^ World Urban Areas 13th Annual Edition (PDF) (Report). Demographia. August 2023. Retrieved 16 November 2023.