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List of longest tunnels

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

The southwest portal of the Lærdal Tunnel in Norway, the world's longest road tunnel

This list of longest tunnels ranks tunnels that are at least 13 km (8.1 mi) long. Only continuous tunnels are included. Pipelines, even those that are buried, are excluded. The longest tunnels have been constructed for water distribution, followed by tunnels for railways.

World's longest tunnels (in use)

[edit]
Type Name Location Length Year Comment
Water supply Delaware Aqueduct United States New York State, United States 137,000 m (85.128 mi) 1945 4.1 m in diameter (13.2 m2). New York City's main water supply tunnel.
Water supply Päijänne Water Tunnel Finland Southern Finland, Finland 120,000 m (74.565 mi) 1982 16 m2 cross section. Main water supply tunnel for the Helsinki metropolitan area in southern Finland, drilled through solid rock.
Metro Suzhou Rail Transit Line 3-11 ChinaSuzhou, China 86,542 m (53.775 mi) 2019–2023 Suzhou Rail Transit Line 11 and Line 3 are connected at Weiting station with through trains passing by. Longest metro tunnel
Water supply Dahuofang Water Tunnel China Liaoning, China 85,320 m (53.015 mi) 2009 8 m in diameter[1] (50 m2 cross section)
Water supply Orange–Fish River Tunnel South Africa South Africa 82,800 m (51.450 mi) 1972 Longest continuous enclosed aqueduct in the Southern Hemisphere (22.5 m2 cross section). Built to divert water from the Orange River to the Great Fish River.
Water supply Bolmen Water Tunnel Sweden Kronoberg/Scania, Sweden 82,000 m (50.952 mi) 1987 8 m2 cross section
Metro Chengdu Metro Line 6 China Chengdu, China 68,223 m (42.392 mi) 2020 Longest (independent single-line) metro/rapid transit tunnel
Hydroelectric Neelum–Jhelum Hydropower Tunnel Pakistan Muzaffarabad, Azad Kashmir, Pakistan 68,000 m (42.253 mi) 2017 Part of the 969 MW Neelum–Jhelum Hydropower Plant
Wastewater Tunel Emisor Oriente Mexico Mexico City, Mexico 62,500 m (38.836 mi) 2019[2] 7 m in diameter. Longest wastewater tunnel.
Metro Qingdao Metro Line 1 China Qingdao, China 59,818 m (37.169 mi) 2020–2021 Second longest metro/rapid transit tunnel
Metro Guangzhou Metro Line 18 China Guangzhou, China 58,300 m (36.226 mi) 2021
Metro Guangzhou Metro Line 3 China Guangzhou, China 57,930 m (35.996 mi)
(Excl. branch) 		2005–2018
Metro Moscow Metro Bolshaya Koltsevaya line Russia Moscow, Russia 57,538 m (35.752 mi)[3][4]
(Excl. branch) 		2018–2023[5] Longest metro/rapid transit circular line
Railway Twin Tube Gotthard Base Tunnel Switzerland Central Swiss Alps, Switzerland 57,104 m (35.483 mi) and 57,017 m (35.429 mi) 2016 Longest conventional railway tunnel. It is also the world's longest transit tunnel by geodetic distance; 55.782 km (34.661 mi) between the two portals. Total 151.84 km (94.35 mi) of broken out tunnels through solid rocks.[6][7] Part of the NRLA.
Metro Beijing Subway Line 10 China Beijing, China 57,100 m (35.480 mi) 2008–2013
Railway Single Tube Seikan Tunnel Japan Tsugaru Strait, Japan 53,850 m (33.461 mi) 1988 74 m2; longest railway tunnel until 2016. Longest tunnel with an undersea section, running between Honshu and Hokkaido. Undersea section measures 23.3 kilometres (14.5 mi).
Metro Beijing Subway Line 6 China Beijing, China 53,400 m (33.181 mi) 2012–2018
Water supply Želivka Water Tunnel[8] Czech Republic Central Bohemian Region, Czech Republic 51,970 m (32.293 mi) 1972 9–12 m2
Metro Seoul Subway: Line 5 South Korea Seoul, South Korea 51,700 m (32.125 mi)
(longest branch) 		1995–2021 Longest metro/rapid transit tunnel until Guangzhou Metro Line 3 extension opened in 2010, crosses west to east under the Seoul Capital Area.
Metro Istanbul Metro (Line M11) Turkey Istanbul, Turkey 51,500 m (32.001 mi) 2023–2024 Longest tunnel in Turkey
Dewatering Adit Rothschönberger Stolln[9] Germany Freiberg Mining Field, Germany 50,900 m (31.628 mi) 1844–1882 6 m2 cross section, longest tunnel until 1945. Part of a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
Railway Twin Tube Channel Tunnel United Kingdom France English Channel, United Kingdom/France 50,450 m (31.348 mi) 1994 Second longest railway tunnel until 2016. Longest underwater section, longest international tunnel (2×45 m2 + 1×18 m2), running between Folkestone, Kent, and Coquelles, Pas-de-Calais.
Railway Single Tube Yulhyeon Tunnel South Korea Seoul Capital Area, South Korea 50,300 m (31.255 mi)[10] 2016[11] 107 m2, part of the Suseo high-speed railway.
Water supply River Arpa – Lake Sevan tunnel[12][13] Armenia Armenia (at the time of construction Soviet Union Soviet Union) 48,358 m (30.048 mi)[14] 1981 Longest tunnel built to restore ecological balance. Transfers water from the Arpa to Lake Sevan to recover its level.[15]
Water supply Pahang – Selangor Raw Water Transfer Project[16][17] Malaysia Pahang & Selangor, Malaysia 44,600 m (27.713 mi) 2014 5.2 m in diameter
Metro Wuhan Metro Line 2 China Wuhan, China 44,347 m (27.556 mi) 2012–2019
Metro Lyublinsko-Dmitrovskaya Line (Zyablikovo – Fiztekh) Russia Moscow Metro, Russia (construction started at the time of Soviet Union Soviet Union) 44,300 m (27.527 mi) 1995–2023
Metro Shanghai Subway: Line 7 China Shanghai, China 44,200 m (27.465 mi) 2009–2010
Water supply #1 Tunnel, Yellow River Diversion to Shanxi North Line China Shanxi, China 43,670 m (27.135 mi) 2011 See South–North Water Transfer Project
Water supply #7 Tunnel, Yellow River Diversion to Shanxi South Line China Shanxi, China 43,500 m (27.030 mi) 2002 See South–North Water Transfer Project
Metro Beijing Subway Line 8 China Beijing, China 42,600 m (26.470 mi) 2012–2021
Metro Shanghai Metro Line 15 China Shanghai, China 42,300 m (26.284 mi) 2021
Metro Chengdu Metro Line 5 China Chengdu, China 42,300 m (26.284 mi) 2019
Metro Beijing Subway Line 14 China Beijing, China 42,000 m (26.098 mi) 2015–2021
Metro Tianjin Metro Line 6 China Tianjin, China 42,000 m (26.098 mi) 2016–2021
Metro Downtown line Singapore MRT, Singapore 41,900 m (26.035 mi)[18][19] 2013–2017 Longest rapid transit line in South East Asia
Metro Nanjing Metro Line 3 China Nanjing, China 41,567 m (25.829 mi) 2011–2015 From Xinghuolu station to Mozhoudonglu station.
Metro Suzhou Rail Transit: Line 4 China Suzhou, China 41,500 m (25.787 mi) 2017
Metro Serpukhovsko-Timiryazevskaya Line (Altufyevo – Bulvar Dmitriya Donskogo) Russia Moscow Metro, Russia (construction started at the time of Soviet Union Soviet Union) 41,470 m (25.768 mi) 1983–2002
Metro Madrid Metro: Line 12 (MetroSur) Spain Madrid, Spain 40,900 m (25.414 mi) 1999–2003
Metro Tocho-mae – Shiodome – Hikarigaoka (Toei Oedo Line) Japan Tokyo, Japan 40,700 m (25.290 mi) 1991–2000 Tokyo Metropolitan Bureau of Transportation
Hydroelectric Kárahnjúkar Hydropower Plant Iceland Fljótsdalshreppur, Iceland 39,700 m (24.668 mi) 2003–2007 7.2–7.6 meters in diameter (45 m2 cross section). Part of a wider complex of tunnels that are 72 kilometers in length combined.
Water supply Quabbin Aqueduct United States Massachusetts, United States 39,600 m (24.606 mi) 1933
Metro Chengdu Metro Line 4 China Chengdu, China 39,300 m (24.420 mi) 2015–2017
Metro Chengdu Metro Line 7 China Chengdu, China 38,600 m (23.985 mi) 2017
Metro Seoul Subway: Line 3 (Apgujeong–Ogeum) South Korea Seoul, South Korea 38,200 m (23.736 mi) 1985–2010
Metro Kaluzhsko-Rizhskaya Line (Novoyasenevskaya – Medvedkovo) Russia Moscow Metro, Russia (at the time of construction Soviet Union Soviet Union) 37,800 m (23.488 mi) 1958–1990 Longest railway tunnel 1978–1984 and from November 1987 till March 1988; longest metro/rapid transit tunnel 1990–1995
Metro Shenzhen Subway: Luobao Line China Shenzhen, China 37,497 m (23.300 mi) 2009–2011
Metro Chengdu Metro Line 1 China Chengdu, China 37,470 m (23.283 mi)
(Excl. branch) 		2010–2018
Water supply Harold D. Roberts Tunnel[20] United States Colorado, United States 37,464 m (23.279 mi) 1962 Diverts water from the Colorado River watershed to the South Platte River watershed for use in the Denver metropolitan area. Flows across Continental Divide. 4,465 feet (1,361 m) below the surface at its deepest point.
Metro Shenzhen Subway: Shekou Line China Shenzhen, China 36,146 m (22.460 mi) 2010–2011
Water supply Dawushan Tunnel, Niulan River Diversion to Dianchi China Yunnan, China 36,137 m (22.454 mi) 2013
Metro Circle line Singapore MRT, Singapore 35,700 m (22.183 mi) 2009–2012
Metro Busan Metro: Line 2 (Dongwon–Jangsan) South Korea Busan, South Korea 35,500 m (22.059 mi) 1999–2009
Railway Songshan Lake Tunnel[21] China Dongguan, China 35,391 m (21.991 mi) 2016 Dongguan–Huizhou intercity railway, longest railway tunnel in China
Metro Seoul Subway: Line 6 South Korea Seoul, South Korea 35,100 m (21.810 mi) 2001
Metro Seoul Subway: Line 7 (Cheongdam–Bupyeong-gu Office) South Korea Seoul, Incheon, Bucheon and Gwangmyeong in South Korea 35,100 m (21.810 mi) 2000–2012
Metro Tianjin Metro: Line 5 China Tianjin, China 34,800 m (21.624 mi) 2018–2021
Railway Single Track Lötschberg Base Tunnel Switzerland Bernese Alps, Switzerland 34,577 m (21.485 mi) 2007 Longest land railway tunnel until Gotthard Base Tunnel was opened; two single track tubes along 12 km, only single track along 22 km. Part of the NRLA.
Metro Istanbul Metro (Line M4) Turkey Istanbul, Turkey 34,050 m (21.158 mi) 2012
Water supply Tyne-Tees Tunnel United Kingdom England, United Kingdom 34,000 m (21.127 mi) 1983 (and earlier) Northumbrian water supply tunnel.
Metro Guangzhou Metro: Line 8 China Guangzhou, China 33,900 m (21.064 mi) 2010–2020
Metro Madrid Metro: Line 7 Spain Madrid, Spain 32,919 m (20.455 mi) 1974–2007
Railway Twin Tube New Guanjiao Tunnel China Qinghai, China 32,645 m (20.285 mi) 2014[22] Longest tunnel on the upgraded dual-track Xining–Golmud section of Qinghai–Tibet Railway, longest railway tunnel in China until 2016, 3323.58–3380.97 meters above sea level
Metro Meijo Line – Meikō Line Japan Nagoya Municipal Subway, Japan 32,400 m (20.132 mi) 1965–2004
Metro Guangzhou Metro: Line 2 China Guangzhou, China 32,000 m (19.884 mi) 2010
Metro Rathaus Spandau–Rudow (U7) Germany Berlin U-Bahn, Germany 31,800 m (19.760 mi) 1924–1984
Water supply Gerede Water Transmission Tunnel[23] Turkey Ankara, Turkey 31,592 m (19.630 mi) 2019[24] 5.2 m in diameter
Metro Seoul Subway: Bundang Line (Seoul Forest–Jukjeon) South Korea Seoul, Seongnam and Yongin in South Korea 31,400 m (19.511 mi) 1994–2012
Metro Daegu Metro: Line 2 South Korea Daegu and Gyeongsan in South Korea 31,400 m (19.511 mi) 2005–2012
Wastewater Milwaukee Metropolitan Sewerage District Deep Tunnel Phase 1 United States Milwaukee County, Wisconsin, United States 31,221 m (19.400 mi) 1993 405 million gallons of combined sewage storage designed to prevent sewage overflow into Lake Michigan. The largest of three phases, totalling 521 million gallons of storage.[25]
Metro Beijing Subway: Line 1 China Beijing, China 31,040 m (19.287 mi) 1971–2000
Metro Bucharest Metro: Line M1 Romania Bucharest, Romania 31,010 m (19.269 mi) 1979–1992 8,670 m, shared with M3 line. Nether less one continuous tunnel.
Metro Côte-Vertu – Montmorency (Line 2 Orange) Canada Montreal Metro, Canada 30,798 m (19.137 mi) 1966–2007
Metro Shanghai Subway: Line 2 China Shanghai, China 30,187 m (18.757 mi) 2000
Metro Parnas – Kupchino (line 2) Russia Saint Petersburg Metro, Russia (construction started at the time of Soviet Union Soviet Union) 30,100 m (18.703 mi) 1961–2006
Metro Guangzhou Metro: Line 5 China Guangzhou, China 29,900 m (18.579 mi) 2009
Water supply Shandaken Tunnel United States Catskill Mountains, New York, United States 29,780 m (18.504 mi) 1924
Metro Shanghai Subway: Line 8 China Shanghai, China 29,650 m (18.424 mi) 2007–2009
Metro Prospekt Veteranov – Devyatkino (line 1) Russia Saint Petersburg Metro, Russia (at the time of construction Soviet Union Soviet Union) 29,600 m (18.393 mi) 1955–1978
Metro Shanghai Subway: Line 10 China Shanghai, China 29,600 m (18.393 mi) 2010
Water supply Evinos – Mornos Tunnel[26][27] Greece Aetolia-Acarnania, Greece 29,400 m (18.268 mi) 1995
Metro Chengdu Metro Line 2 China Chengdu, China 29,000 m (18.020 mi) 2012–2013 Only includes phases 1 and 2
Water supply Hultman Aqueduct[28] United States Eastern Massachusetts, United States 28,640 m (17.796 mi) 1939 11.5 ft (3.5 m) to 14 ft (4.3 m) diameter (15m2 cross section); offline for rehabilitation
Metro Sydney Metro Northwest Australia Sydney, New South Wales, Australia 28,500 m (17.709 mi) 2019 The line incorporates the existing 13 km Epping to Chatswood rail link. It forms part of the wider Sydney Metro project.
Railway Twin Tube Guadarrama Tunnel[29] Spain Sierra de Guadarrama, Spain 28,377 m (17.633 mi) 2007
Water supply MetroWest Water Supply Tunnel[30] United States Eastern Massachusetts, United States 28,300 m (17.585 mi) 2003 14 ft (4.3 m) diameter (15m2 cross section)
Railway Twin Tube West Qinling Tunnel China Gansu, China 28,236 m (17.545 mi) 2016 Chongqing–Lanzhou railway
Metro Taipei Metro: Blue Line Taiwan Taipei, Taiwan 28,200 m (17.523 mi) 1999–2015
Metro Beijing Subway: Line 4 China Beijing, China 28,165 m (17.501 mi) 2009–2010
Metro Seoul Subway: Line 9 (Gimpo Airport–Sports Complex) South Korea Seoul, South Korea 28,100 m (17.461 mi) 2009–2015
Railway Single Tube Taihang Tunnel[31] China Taihang Mountains, China 27,848 m (17.304 mi) 2007 On Shijiazhuang–Taiyuan high-speed railway
Metro Morden–East Finchley (Northern line) United Kingdom London Underground, England, United Kingdom 27,800 m (17.274 mi) 1890–1940 Longest railway tunnel in UK
Metro Shenyang Subway: Line 1 China Shenyang, China 27,800 m (17.274 mi) 2010
Water supply Melamchi Water Tunnel Nepal Melamchi to Kathmandu, Nepal 27,000 m (16.777 mi) 2021[32] See Melamchi Water Supply Project
Metro Seoul Subway: Incheon Line 1 (Bakchon–International Business District) South Korea Incheon, South Korea 27,000 m (16.777 mi) 1999–2009
Metro Dainichi–Nagahara (Tanimachi Line) Japan Osaka Metro, Japan 26,900 m (16.715 mi) 1967–1983
Particle accelerator LEP Tunnel[33] Switzerland France CERN, Switzerland/France 26,659 m (16.565 mi) 1988 (breakthrough) 11.3–15.9 m2 circular ring, now used by Large Hadron Collider
Railway Single Tube Hakkōda Tunnel (Tōhoku Shinkansen) Japan Hakkōda Mountains, Japan 26,455 m (16.438 mi) 2010 64–74 m2
Water supply Şanlıurfa Irrigation Tunnels Turkey Turkey 26,400 m (16.404 mi) 2005[34]
Metro Shanghai Subway: Line 9 China Shanghai, China 26,263 m (16.319 mi) 2007–2010
Hydroelectric Gilgel Gibe II Power Station headrace tunnel Ethiopia Ethiopia 26,000 m (16.156 mi) 2005–2009 Tunnel partially collapsed, was repaired in 2010.[35][36]
Water supply #5 Tunnel, Yellow River Diversion to Shanxi South Line China Shanxi, China 26,000 m (16.156 mi) 2002 See South–North Water Transfer Project
Metro Daegu Metro: Line 1 South Korea Daegu, South Korea 25,900 m (16.094 mi) 1997–2002
Metro MRT Blue Line Thailand Bangkok, Thailand 25,800 m (16.031 mi) 2004 Second phase opened in September 2019
Railway Single Tube Iwate-Ichinohe Tunnel Japan Ōu Mountains, Japan 25,810 m (16.038 mi) 2002 Part of the Tōhoku Shinkansen
Water supply Sudbury Aqueduct United States Eastern Massachusetts, United States 25,750 m (16.000 mi) 1878 Emergency backup use
Metro Suzhou Rail Transit: Line 1 China Suzhou, China 25,739 m (15.993 mi) 2007–2011
Metro Line 3 (Athens Metro)[37] Greece Athens, Greece 25,200 m (15.659 mi) 1992–2022 Line 3 is actually 46.5 km long, but only 25.2 km of it are underground.
Metro Helsinki metro (Kivenlahti–Sörnäinen) Finland

Espoo and Helsinki, Finland

25,200 m (15.659 mi) 1982–2022
Metro Taipei Metro: Orange Line (Huilong – Nanshijiao) Taiwan Taipei, Taiwan 25,100 m (15.596 mi)
(Excl. branch) 		1998–2013
Railway Twin Tube Musil Tunnel[38][39] South Korea Wonju–Jecheon (Jungang Line), South Korea 25,080 m (15.584 mi) 2021[40]
Railway Twin Tube Pajares Base Tunnel Spain Asturias/León, Spain 24,667 m (15.327 mi) 2023
Road Lærdal Tunnel Norway Lærdal – Aurland, Norway 24,510 m (15.230 mi) 2000 Worlds longest road tunnel
Metro Yellow Line (Delhi Metro): GTB Nagar – Qutub Minar[41] India Delhi, India 24,000 m (14.913 mi) 2004–2010 Longest tunnel in India
Metro Madrid Metro: Line 1 Spain Madrid, Spain 23,876 m (14.836 mi) 1919–2007
Railway Lainzer/Wienerwaldtunnel Austria west of Vienna, Austria 23,844 m (14.816 mi) 2012 Breakthrough 2007
Wastewater Harbour Area Treatment Scheme (HATS) Stage 1[42] Hong Kong Hong Kong, China (construction started in British Hong Kong British Hong Kong) 23,600 m (14.664 mi) 2001
Water supply Eucumbene-Snowy Tunnel[43][44] Australia New South Wales, Australia 23,500 m (14.602 mi) 1965 Part of the 145 km tunnel network of the Snowy Mountains Scheme
Railway South Lüliangshan Tunnel[45] China Shanxi, China 23,473 m (14.585 mi) 2014[46] 2 tubes, part of Shanxi–Henan–Shandong railway
Metro Madrid Metro: Line 6 Spain Madrid, Spain 23,472 m (14.585 mi) 1979–2007
Metro Angrignon – Honoré-Beaugrand (Line 1 Green) Canada Montreal Metro, Canada 23,262 m (14.454 mi) 1966–2007
Metro Warsaw Metro Line 1: Kabaty – Młociny Poland Warsaw, Poland 23,100 m (14.354 mi) 1983–2008
Metro Beijing Subway: Line 2 China Beijing, China 23,100 m (14.354 mi) 1969–1987
Hydroelectric Xinma Hydroelectric Power Station Water Tunnel China Sichuan, China 22,975 m (14.276 mi) 2009
Railway Iiyama Tunnel[47] Japan Iiyama, Japan 22,225 m (13.810 mi) 2015 Part of the Hokuriku Shinkansen
Railway Daishimizu Tunnel Japan Mount Tanigawa, Japan 22,221 m (13.807 mi) 1982 Longest railway tunnel until Seikan Tunnel was opened.
Water supply Eucumbene-Tumut Tunnel[43] Australia New South Wales, Australia 22,200 m (13.794 mi) 1959 Part of the 145 km tunnel network of the Snowy Mountains Scheme
Road WestConnex Australia Sydney, New South Wales, Australia 22,000 m (13.670 mi) 2023
(2019–2020 partial completion)
Railway Daegwallyeong Tunnel South Korea Pyeongchang–Gangneung (Gyeonggang Line), South Korea 21,755 m (13.518 mi) 2017[48]
Water supply Vorotan–Arpa Tunnel[49] Armenia Armenia (construction started at the time of Soviet Union Soviet Union) 21,652 m (13.454 mi) 2004
Particle accelerator (incomplete) UNK proton accelerator Russia Protvino, Russia (construction started at the time of Soviet Union Soviet Union) 21,000 m (13.049 mi) 1994 (breakthrough) Construction stopped after finishing of main circle tunnel, future is unclear
Metro Guangfo Metro China Foshan, China 20,900 m (12.987 mi) 2010
Railway Twin Tube Luliangshan Tunnel China Shanxi, China 20,785 m (12.915 mi) 2011 2 tubes: left tube is 20785 meters, right tube is 20738 meters
Metro Shanghai Subway: Line 4 China Shanghai, China 20,740 m (12.887 mi) 2005–2007
Metro Barcelona Metro: Line 1 Spain Barcelona, Spain 20,700 m (12.862 mi) 1926–1992
Hydroelectric Ward Tunnel[citation needed] United States California, United States 20,610 m (12.806 mi) 1920–1925 Part of the Big Creek Hydroelectric Project of the Southern California Edison Company. Excavated through solid granite.
Metro Busan Metro: Line 1 (Hadan-Busan Nat'l Univ. of Education) South Korea Busan, South Korea 20,600 m (12.800 mi) 1985–1994
Metro Xian Subway: Line 2 China Xi'an, China 20,500 m (12.738 mi) 2011
Metro Daejeon Metro: Line 1 South Korea Daejeon, South Korea 20,470 m (12.719 mi) 2006–2007
Metro Nanjing Metro Line 2 China Nanjing, China 20,380 m (12.664 mi) 2010
Metro Shanghai Subway: Line 6 China Shanghai, China 20,336 m (12.636 mi) 2007
Railway Geumjeong Tunnel[50] South Korea Busan, South Korea 20,323 m (12.628 mi) 2010 Gyeongbu high-speed railway
Railway Twin Tube Wushaoling Tunnel China Wuwei, China 20,060 m (12.465 mi) 2006–2007 2 tubes: left tube is 20060 meters, right tube is 20050 meters
Water supply Olmos Transandino Project Peru Guabal, Peru 20,000 m (12.427 mi) 2011[51]
Metro Istanbul Metro (Line M5) Turkey Istanbul, Turkey 20,000 m (12.427 mi) 2017–2018 M5 line (Üsküdar-Çekmeköy) is 20 km with depot line. Line is 30.9 km with Çekmeköy-Sultanbeyli Phase.
Electric power transmission tunnel The London Connection[52] United Kingdom London, England, United Kingdom 20,000 m (12.427 mi) 2005[53] National Grid plc, 3-metre diameter, 400 kilovolt circuit
Railway Twin Tube Simplon Tunnel Switzerland Italy Lepontine Alps, Switzerland/Italy 19,803 m (12.305 mi) 1906 Parallel tunnel was opened in 1922 (19,824 m long); longest transit tunnel until Daishimizu Tunnel was opened. Part of the NRLA.
Hydroelectric Mantaro Hydroelectricity Project [es] Tunnel Peru Colcabamba, Peru 19,800 m (12.303 mi) 1973[54]
Railway Shin Hokuriku Tunnel Japan Fukui Prefecture, Japan 19,760 m (12.278 mi) 2024 Part of the Hokuriku Shinkansen
Railway Follo Line Norway Oslo, Norway 19,500 m (12.117 mi) 2022[55][56] Groundbreaking 2014[57]
Metro Koltsevaya Line (Circle Line) Russia Moscow Metro, Russia (at the time of construction Soviet Union Soviet Union) 19,400 m (12.055 mi) 1950–1954
Hydroelectric Futang Hydroelectric Power Station Water Tunnel China Sichuan, China 19,319 m (12.004 mi) 2004[58]
Metro Seoul Subway: Bundang Line (Suwon station–Jukjeon station) South Korea Yongin and Suwon in South Korea 19,300 m (11.992 mi) 2007–2013
Railway Single Tube Qamchiq Tunnel[59] Uzbekistan Angren–Pap railway, Uzbekistan 19,200 m (11.930 mi) 2016 Longest non-metro railway tunnel in ex-USSR
Metro North East line Singapore MRT, Singapore 19,200 m (11.930 mi) 2003–2011 World's first fully automated and driverless underground rapid transit line
Metro Suzhou Rail Transit: Line 2 China Suzhou, China 19,146 m (11.897 mi) 2009–2012
Metro Maskoŭskaja Line Belarus Minsk Metro, Belarus (construction started at the time of Soviet Union Soviet Union) 19,100 m (11.868 mi) 1984–2014
Railway Single Track Vereina Switzerland Silvretta, Switzerland 19,058 m (11.842 mi) 1999 Single track with passing loops, metre gauge
Metro Seoul Subway: Line 4 (Ssangmun–Ichon) South Korea Seoul, South Korea 19,000 m (11.806 mi) 1980
Wastewater Harbour Area Treatment Scheme (HATS) Stage 2[60] Hong Kong Hong Kong, China 18,800 m (11.682 mi) 2015
Railway Shin-Kanmon Tunnel Japan Kanmon Straits, Japan 18,713 m (11.628 mi) 1975 Part of the San'yō Shinkansen
Hydroelectric Shiziping Hydroelectric Power Station Water Tunnel China Sichuan, China 18,712 m (11.627 mi) 2010[61]
Railway Single Tube Vaglia Italy Bologna – Firenze, Italy 18,711 m (11.626 mi) 2009 Bologna–Florence high-speed railway
Hydroelectric Baoxing Hydroelectric Power Station Water Tunnel China Sichuan, China 18,676 m (11.605 mi) 2007
Railway Single Tube Apennine Base Tunnel Italy Tuscan-Emilian Apennines, Italy 18,507 m (11.500 mi) 1934
Metro Obolonsko–Teremkivska line Ukraine Kyiv Metro, Ukraine (construction started at the time of Soviet Union Soviet Union) 18,480 m (11.483 mi) 1976–2013
Metro Istanbul Metro (Line M3) Turkey Istanbul, Turkey 18,460 m (11.471 mi) 2013–2022
Railway Twin Tube Qinling Tunnel I-II China Qin Mountains, China 18,460 m (11.471 mi) 2000 2 tubes: left tube is 18460 meters, right tube is 18456 meters[62]
Hydroelectric Tatev Hydroelectric Power Station Water Tunnel Armenia Armenia (at the time of construction Soviet Union Soviet Union) 18,400 m (11.433 mi) 1970
Road Twin Tube Yamate Tunnel Japan Tokyo, Japan

18,200 m (11.309 mi)

2015
Railway South Taihangshan Tunnel China Shanxi, China 18,125 m (11.262 mi) 2014[63] 2 tubes, part of Shanxi–Henan–Shandong railway
Metro Shanghai Subway: Line 1 China Shanghai, China 18,110 m (11.253 mi) 1995
Metro Avtozavodskaya Line Belarus Minsk Metro, Belarus (construction started at the time of Soviet Union Soviet Union) 18,100 m (11.247 mi) 1990–2005
Road Twin Tube Zhongnanshan Tunnel China Shaanxi, China 18,040 m (11.210 mi) 2007 The longest road tunnel in China
Metro Line 2 (Athens Metro)[37] Greece Athens, Greece 17,900 m (11.123 mi) 1991–2013
Metro Beijing Subway: Line 5 China Beijing, China 17,825 m (11.076 mi) 2007
Hydroelectric Shuakhevi headrace and pressure tunnel Georgia (country) Shuakhevi, Adjara, Georgia 17,800 m (11.060 mi)[64] 2013–2017
Metro Ankara Metro (AKM-Koru) Turkey Ankara, Turkey 19,660 m (12.216 mi) 1997–2014 M1 line is tunnel in Kızılay between AKM, M2 line is completely underground.
Road Jingpingshan China Sichuan, China 17,500 m (10.874 mi) 2008 The deepest transportation tunnel in China
Metro Shenzhen Subway: Longgang Line China Shenzhen, China 17,333 m (10.770 mi) 2010–2011
Metro Kholodnohirsko–Zavodska Line Ukraine Kharkiv Metro, Ukraine (at the time of construction Soviet Union Soviet Union) 17,300 m (10.750 mi) 1975–1978
Metro Seoul Subway: Shinbundang Line South Korea Seoul and Seongnam in South Korea 17,300 m (10.750 mi) 2011
Water supply Mavi Tünel (Blue Tunnel)[65] Turkey Konya, Turkey 17,034 m (10.584 mi) 2012 Breakthrough 2007
Road Gotthard Road Tunnel Switzerland Lepontine Alps, Switzerland 16,918 m (10.512 mi) 1980
Metro Guangzhou Metro: Line 4 China Guangzhou, China 16,790 m (10.433 mi) 2005
Metro İzmir Metro Line M1 Turkey İzmir, Turkey 16,750 m (10.408 mi) 2000–2023
Metro Barcelona Metro: Line 4 Spain Barcelona, Spain 16,700 m (10.377 mi) 1929–1999
Metro Seoul Subway: Line 2 (Jamsil–Sillim) South Korea Seoul, South Korea 16,700 m (10.377 mi) 1980–1984
Metro Barcelona Metro: Line 3 Spain Barcelona, Spain 16,600 m (10.315 mi) 1924–2001
Metro Barcelona Metro: Line 5 Spain Barcelona, Spain 16,600 m (10.315 mi) 1959–1983
Water supply Murrumbidgee-Eucumbene Tunnel[43] Australia New South Wales, Australia 16,600 m (10.315 mi) 1961 Part of the 145 km tunnel network of the Snowy Mountains Scheme
Metro Istanbul Metro (Line M2) Turkey Istanbul, Turkey 16,500 m (10.253 mi) 2000–2009
Metro Beijing Subway: Line 9 China Beijing, China 16,500 m (10.253 mi) 2011–2012
Hydroelectric Jinkang Hydroelectric Power Station Water Tunnel China Sichuan, China 16,490 m (10.246 mi) 2006
Metro Madrid Metro: Line 8 Spain Madrid, Spain 16,467 m (10.232 mi) 1998–2007
Metro Guangzhou Metro: Line 1 China Guangzhou, China 16,449 m (10.221 mi) 1997
Metro Madrid Metro: Line 3 Spain Madrid, Spain 16,424 m (10.205 mi) 1939–2007
Railway Rokkō Tunnel[66] Japan Mount Rokkō, Japan 16,250 m (10.097 mi) 1972 Part of the San'yō Shinkansen
Railway Solan Tunnel[67] South Korea Taebaek, Gangwon-do, South Korea 16,240 m (10.091 mi) 2012 Taebaek Line, includes a spiral
Hydroelectric Twin Tube Kemano T1 and T2[68] Canada Kemano, Canada 16,000 m (9.942 mi) 1954; 2022 T1 was completed in 1954 and T2 was completed in May, 2022,[69] both are in operation.
Metro Seoul Subway: Line 7 (Suraksan–Konkuk University) South Korea Seoul, South Korea 16,000 m (9.942 mi) 1996
Railway Münsterertunnel [de] Austria Tyrol, Austria 15,990 m (9.936 mi) 2012
Railway Xiangshan Tunnel 象山隧道 China Fujian, China 15,917 m (9.890 mi) 2012 2 tubes, part of Longyan–Xiamen Railway
Railway Terfnertunnel [de] Austria Tyrol, Austria 15,840 m (9.843 mi) 2012
Former railway Henderson Tunnel[70][71] United States Front Range, United States 15,800 m (9.818 mi) 1976 Narrow gauge railway, replaced by a conveyor belt in 1999. Only one portal (served an underground mine)[72]
Metro Istanbul Metro (Line M9) Turkey Istanbul, Turkey 15,800 m (9.818 mi) 2013–2024
Water supply Pandaoling Tunnel, Datong River Diversion to Shaanxi Project China Shaanxi, China 15,723 m (9.770 mi) 1994
Metro Copenhagen Metro: City Circle Line Denmark Denmark 15,500 m (9.631 mi) 2019 Longest railway tunnel in Denmark and Scandinavia
Metro Budapest Metro: Line 3[73] Hungary Hungary 15,500 m (9.631 mi) 1976–1990 Line 3 is actually 17.39 km long, but only 15.5 km of it is underground.
Railway Single Track Furka Base Switzerland Urner Alps, Switzerland 15,442 m (9.595 mi) 1982 Single track with passing loops, metre gauge
Railway Twin Tube Ceneri Base Tunnel Switzerland Lepontine Alps, Switzerland 15,400 m (9.569 mi) 2020 Part of the NRLA
Metro Seoul Subway: Line 3 (Gupabal–Geumho) South Korea Seoul, South Korea 15,400 m (9.569 mi) 1985
Metro Tianjin Subway: Line 1 China Tianjin, China 15,378 m (9.555 mi) 1976–2006
Railway Haruna Tunnel Japan Gunma Prefecture, Japan 15,350 m (9.538 mi) 1982 Part of the Jōetsu Shinkansen
Railway Single Track Severomuysky Tunnel Russia Severomuysky Range, Russia (construction started at the time of Soviet Union Soviet Union) 15,343 m (9.534 mi) 2003
Wastewater Deer Island Outfall Tunnel[74] United States Deer Island, Boston, Massachusetts, United States 15,290 m (9.501 mi) 2000 24 ft (7.3 m) diameter (42m2 cross section); discharges treated effluent into Atlantic Ocean
Railway Single Tube Firenzuola Italy Bologna – Firenze, Italy 15,285 m (9.498 mi) 2009 Bologna–Florence high-speed railway
Hydroelectric Inguri Hydroelectric Power Station Water Tunnel Georgia (country) Georgia (at the time of construction Soviet Union Soviet Union) 15,279 m (9.494 mi) 1978
Metro Shanghai Subway: Line 2 China Shanghai, China 15,274 m (9.491 mi) 2000 Between Zhanjianggaoke station and Lingkong Station
Water supply Jinquidi Tunnel, Niulan River Diversion to Dianchi China Yunnan, China 15,257 m (9.480 mi) 2013
Hydroelectric Baotan Hydroelectric Power Station Water Tunnel China Guangxi, China 15,200 m (9.445 mi) 2010
Railway Gorigamine Tunnel[66] Japan Nagano Prefecture, Japan 15,175 m (9.429 mi) 1997 Part of the Hokuriku Shinkansen
Hydroelectric Xuecheng Hydroelectric Power Station Water Tunnel[75] China Sichuan, China 15,174 m (9.429 mi) 2007
Railway Single Track Monte Santomarco Italy Paola – Cosenza, Italy 15,040 m (9.345 mi) 1987
Railway Single Tube Gotthard Rail Tunnel Switzerland Lepontine Alps, Switzerland 15,003 m (9.322 mi) 1882 Longest transit tunnel until Simplon Tunnel was opened.
Metro Gwangju Metro: Line 1 (Sotae station–Dosan station) South Korea Gwangju, South Korea 15,000 m (9.321 mi) 2004
Railway Nakayama Tunnel Japan Gunma Prefecture, Japan 14,857 m (9.232 mi) 1982 Part of the Jōetsu Shinkansen
Water supply Dangara Irrigation Tunnel[76] Tajikistan Nurek, Tajikistan (at the time of construction Soviet Union Soviet Union) 14,800 m (9.196 mi) 1987
Railway Cuajone-El Sargento Peru Ilo-Toquepala / Cuajone Industrial Railroad – Southern Peru Copper Corporation, Peru 14,724 m (9.149 mi)[77] 1975
Railway Single Tube Mount Macdonald Tunnel Canada Rogers Pass, Glacier National Park, Canada 14,723 m (9.148 mi) 1989
Railway (Maglev) Misaka Sasago Tunnel Japan Yamanashi, Japan 14,613 m (9.080 mi) 1996 Part of the Chuo Shinkansen (Maglev). Already used as Yamanashi Test Track since 1996.
Railway Single Tube Lötschberg Tunnel Switzerland Bernese Alps, Switzerland 14,612 m (9.079 mi) 1913
Water supply Caoe River Diversion Project China Zhejiang, China 14,600 m (9.072 mi) 2011
Railway Single Tube Romerike Tunnel Norway Oslo – Lillestrøm, Norway 14,580 m (9.060 mi) 1999
Railway Fajiushan Tunnel[78] China Shanxi, China 14,573 m (9.055 mi) 2014 Part of Shanxi–Henan–Shandong railway.
Water supply Snowy-Geehi Tunnel[43] Australia New South Wales, Australia 14,500 m (9.010 mi) 1966 Part of the 145 km tunnel network of the Snowy Mountains Scheme
Metro Seoul Subway: Line 4 (Isu–Beomgye) South Korea Seoul, Gwacheon and Anyang in South Korea 14,500 m (9.010 mi) 1980–1994
Road Zigana Tunnel Turkey Torul–Maçka, Turkey 14,481 m (8.998 mi)[79] 2023[80] Longest road tunnel in Turkey
Hydroelectric Jisha Hydroelectric Power Station Water Tunnel China Yunnan, China 14,467 m (8.989 mi) 2007
Road Twin tube Ryfylke Tunnel Norway Stavanger–Strand, Norway 14,400 m (8.948 mi) 2019 Longest underwater road tunnel in the world
Water supply #6 Tunnel, Yellow River Diversion to Shanxi South Line China Shanxi, China 14,400 m (8.948 mi) 2002 See South–North Water Transfer Project
Water supply Ala Mountain Pass Water Supply Project China Xinjiang, China 14,346 m (8.914 mi) 2010
Road Twin Tube Ovit Tunnel[81] Turkey Erzurum Province–Rize Province, Turkey 14,346 m (8.914 mi) 2018
Metro Stockholm Metro: Tunnelbana 3 (Blue Line) Kungsträdgården–Hjulsta Sweden Stockholm, Sweden 14,300 m (8.886 mi) 1975–1977
Railway Single Tube Dayaoshan Tunnel[82] China Nanling Mountains, China 14,294 m (8.882 mi) 1987
Metro Istanbul Metro (Line M8) Turkey Istanbul, Turkey 14,270 m (8.867 mi) 2023[83]
Hydroelectric Zaramag Hydroelectric Power Station Water Tunnel[84][85] Russia Ardon River, North Ossetia, Russia 14,226 m (8.840 mi) 2015[86]
Water supply Tooma-Tumut Tunnel[43] Australia New South Wales, Australia 14,200 m (8.823 mi) 1961 Part of the 145 km tunnel network of the Snowy Mountains Scheme
Metro Metro Lisbon – Blue (Seagull) Line Portugal Lisbon, Portugal 14,000 m (8.699 mi) 1959–2007
Metro MTR – Island line (West of Heng Fa Chuen) Hong Kong Hong Kong, China (construction started at the time of British Hong Kong British Hong Kong) 14,000 m (8.699 mi) 1985–2014
Road Arlberg Road Tunnel Austria Arlberg, Austria 13,972 m (8.682 mi) 1978
Water supply Shanggongshan Tunnel, Zhangjiuhe Water Supply Project China Yunnan, China 13,941 m (8.663 mi) 2007
Hydroelectric Dayingshan #4 Hydroelectric Power Station Water Tunnel China Yunnan, China 13,932 m (8.657 mi) 2009 8.5 m in diameter (57m2 cross section)
Railway Hokuriku Tunnel Japan Fukui Prefecture, Japan 13,870 m (8.618 mi) 1962 Part of the Hokuriku Main Line
Railway Single Tube Xiapu Tunnel China Fujian, China 13,838 m (8.599 mi) 2009
Railway Twin Tube Yesanguan Tunnel China Hubei, China 13,838 m (8.599 mi) 2010 Tube I: 13838 meters, tube II: 13796 meters
Hydroelectric Centrala Hidroelectrică Lotru-Ciunget Romania Ciungetu, Romania 13,719 m (8.525 mi) 1972 5 m in diameter
Railway Single Tube Fréjus (Mont Cenis) France Italy Alps, France/Italy (construction started in the Kingdom of Sardinia) 13,657 m (8.486 mi) 1871 Longest transit tunnel until Gotthard Tunnel was opened.
Road Twin Tube Xishan Tunnel China Shanxi, China 13,654 m (8.484 mi) 2012 Left tube: 13654 meters, right tube: 13570 meters
Railway Single Tube North Tianshan Tunnel China Xinjiang, China 13,610 m (8.457 mi) 2009
Railway Marmaray Turkey Istanbul, Turkey 13,600 m (8.451 mi) 2013 Built next to a fault zone, between two continents
Railway Single Track Savio Rail Tunnel Finland Helsinki – Kerava, Finland 13,575 m (8.435 mi) 2008
Metro Busan Metro: Line 3 (Suyeong–Deokcheon) South Korea Busan, South Korea 13,500 m (8.389 mi) 2005
Railway Twin Tube Shin Shimizu Tunnel[66] Japan Mount Tanigawa, Japan 13,500 m (8.389 mi) 1967 Part of the Jōetsu Line
Road Mount Erlang Tunnel China Sichuan, China 13,433 m (8.347 mi) 2018 Erlangshan extra-long tunnel part of Yakang Expressway
Railway Single Track Hex River Tunnel[87] South Africa Hex River Pass, South Africa 13,400 m (8.326 mi) 1989
Railway Wonhyo Tunnel[88][89] South Korea Ulsan, South Korea 13,270 m (8.246 mi) 2010 Gyeongbu high-speed railway
Railway Single Tube Dabieshan Tunnel China Hubei, China 13,256 m (8.237 mi) 2008
Railway Schlern Tunnel[90] Italy South Tyrol, Italy 13,159 m (8.177 mi) 1993
Railway Single Tube Caponero-Capoverde Italy Genova – Ventimiglia, Italy 13,135 m (8.162 mi) 2001 Includes an underground station ("San Remo")
Road Twin Tube Hongtiguan Tunnel China Shanxi, China 13,122 m (8.154 mi) 2013 Left tube: 13122 meters, right tube: 13098 meters
Metro Barcelona Metro line 2 Spain Barcelona, Spain 13,100 m (8.140 mi) 1985–1997
Railway Aki Tunnel Japan Hiroshima Prefecture, Japan 13,030 m (8.096 mi) 1975 Part of the San'yō Shinkansen
Many more tunnels exist that are shorter than 13,000 metres (8 mi)

World's longest tunnels (under construction)

[edit]
Type Name Location Length Year Comment
Water Supply Kashuang Water Tunnel China Xinjiang, China 280,000 m (173.984 mi) (??) Water transfer from the snow melt of Altai Mountains to the arid region of Xinjiang[91]
Water Supply New York City Water Tunnel No. 3 United States New York State, United States 96,560 m (60.000 mi) 2032[92] More water supply for New York City. Partially in use.
Metro Paris Métro Line 15 France Paris/Île-de-France, France 75,000 m (46.603 mi) 2025–2030 Circular line
Water Supply Xianglushan Tunnel China Yunnan, China 62,596 m (38.895 mi) 2026 Longest tunnel of the Central Yunnan Water Diversion Project[93]
Railway Twin Tube Mont d'Ambin Base Tunnel France Italy Cottian Alps, France/Italy 57,500 m (35.729 mi) 2032[94] Part of the Lyon–Turin high-speed railway. Reconnaissance tunnels under construction since 2002; construction of main tunnel started in 2016.[95]
Railway Twin Tube Brenner Base Tunnel Austria Italy Stubai Alps, Austria/Italy 55,000 m (34.175 mi) 2032[96] Construction started in March 2015. Together with the already constructed Inntal Tunnel it will form the world's longest continuous railway tunnel with 64 km.[97][98]
Metro Thomson–East Coast Line Singapore MRT, Singapore 43,000 m (26.719 mi) 2024 Excluding planned extension
Railway Yigong tunnel China Tibet, China 42,500 m (26.408 mi)[99] 2030 Part of the Sichuan–Tibet railway. Construction started in November 2020.[100]
Metro Athens Metro Line 4 Greece Athens, Greece 38,200 m (23.736 mi)[101] 2029 Construction of 1st phase started in June 2021,[102] total length may be changed.
Railway Sejila tunnel China Tibet, China 37,900 m (23.550 mi)[103] 2030 Part of the Sichuan–Tibet railway. Construction started in November 2020.[104][non-primary source needed]
Railway (Maglev) Daiichi Shutoken Tunnel[citation needed] Japan Tokyo, Japan 36,924 m (22.944 mi)[citation needed] After 2027 Part of the Chuo Shinkansen (Maglev)
Mineral transportation Woodsmith Mine Tunnel Potash Project Mineral Transport System (MTS) United Kingdom North York Moors, United Kingdom 36,700 m (22.804 mi)[105] (??)[106] 6 m in diameter[107] incorporating conveyor and maintenance access. Start of construction was planned for 2016, but actually started in April 2019.[108][109]
Railway Gaoligongshan Tunnel China Yunnan, China 34,538 m (21.461 mi) 2025[110] Railway between Dali and Ruili. Construction started in August 2017.[111]
Railway (Maglev) Daiichi Chukyoken Tunnel[citation needed] Japan Nagoya, Japan 34,210 m (21.257 mi)[citation needed] After 2027 Part of the Chuo Shinkansen (Maglev)
Metro L9 Spain Barcelona, Spain 33,000 m (20.505 mi) (??)
(2009–2016 partial completion) 		Excluding branches. Northern section of the line is in operation since 2009-12-13. Southern section of the line is in operation since 2016-02-12. Future of central section is unclear.
Railway Twin Tube Koralm Tunnel Austria Koralpe, Austria 32,900 m (20.443 mi) 2026[112] Part of the Koralm Railway; boring of main tunnel started at the west portal in May 2010.[113]
Railway Oshima Tunnel Japan Hokkaido, Japan 32,675 m (20.303 mi) 2031 Part of the Hokkaido Shinkansen.
Metro Cross Island Line Singapore MRT, Singapore 29,000 m (18 mi)[114] (Phase 1 only) 2030 (Phase 1)
2032 (Phase 2) 		Construction of Phase 1 started in January 2023[115]
Water Supply NCP Canal Main Tunnel Sri Lanka Anuradhapura East, Sri Lanka 27,800 m (17.274 mi) 2025 Part of North Central Province Canal under Mahaweli Development programme. Low slope tunnel with gravity flow, 8m in diameter. Supplies water from Moragahakanda Reservoir to North Central and Northern Provinces.[116]
Railway Twin Tube Valico Tunnel Italy Ligurian Apennines, Italy 27,342 m (16.990 mi)[117] 2026 Breakthrough in September 2020.[118] Part of the Tortona–Genoa high-speed railway.
Railway Twin Tube Semmering Base Tunnel Austria Lower Austria/Styria, Austria 27,300 m (16.963 mi) 2030[119] Construction of the first contract section started in January 2014.[120] Will cut travel time between Vienna and Graz by 30 minutes and is part of the Baltic–Adriatic Corridor
Road Rogfast tunnel Norway Randaberg–Bokn, Norway 26,700 m (16.591 mi) 2033[121] Construction started in January 2018, halted October 2019 due to expected cost overruns, revised plan and 48% cost increase approved November 2020; construction restarted late 2021.[122] Will be the longest road tunnel in the world, and also the deepest undersea tunnel, 392 metres (1,286 ft) below sea level. It will also have a 4,100 m (2.548 mi) connection tunnel from Kvitsøy to the main tunnel.
Railway Sasson Tunnel[citation needed] Japan Hokkaido, Japan 26,230 m (16.299 mi)[citation needed] 2031 Part of the Hokkaido Shinkansen.
Metro Suburban Rail Loop East Australia Melbourne, Victoria, Australia 26,000 m (16 mi)[a] 2035[123] Construction started in June 2022.[124] SRL North is still under early planning, projected to be completed by 2053.
Water Supply Mae Taeng–Mae Ngat Tunnel[125] Thailand Chiang Mai, Thailand 25,624 m (15.922 mi) (??)[126] 4 m in diameter. This tunnel is a part of "Mae Taeng–Mae Ngat–Mae Kuang Diversion Tunnel Project"
Railway (Maglev) Minami Alps Tunnel[citation needed] Japan Akaishi Mountains, Japan 25,019 m (15.546 mi)[citation needed] After 2027 Part of the Chuo Shinkansen (Maglev)
Railway (Maglev) Chuo Alps Tunnel[citation needed] Japan Kiso Mountains, Japan 23,288 m (14.470 mi)[citation needed] After 2027 Part of the Chuo Shinkansen (Maglev)
Metro Metro Manila Subway Philippines Metro Manila, Philippines 23,160 m (14.391 mi) 2028 Only for the dedicated mainline between East Valenzuela and FTI.[127] To be partially opened in 2025.[128]
Road Twin Tube Sengli Daban Tunnel China Xinjiang, China 22,035 m (13.692 mi) 2026[129] Construction started in 2020. It bypasses Sengli Daban mountain pass which sits up at 4091 meters above the sea level. Once completed, it will become the longest road tunnel in the world at an altitude of over 4000m.
Railway Thane Creek Tunnel[130] India Mumbai, India 21,150 m (13.142 mi)[131] 2028[132] Part of the Mumbai–Ahmedabad high speed railway, construction started in November 2023,[133] 13 m diameter.[134]
Railway Keylong Rail & Road Tunnel India Kyelang, India 21,150 m (13.142 mi) Part of the Bhanupali-Leh Railway & Roadway Corridor, construction started in February 2024.
Railway Twin tube Alia Tunnel[135] Italy Sicily, Italy 19,900 m (12.365 mi)[136] 2030[137] Part of the Palermo–Catania high-speed railway
Railway Twin tube Bentong Tunnel (Genting Tunnel) Malaysia Bentong, Pahang, Malaysia 18,000 m (11.185 mi) 2027 Part of MRL East Coast Rail Link project. Will became the longest tunnel in South East Asia[138]
Railway Shiribeshi Tunnel[citation needed] Japan Hokkaido, Japan 17,975 m (11.169 mi)[citation needed] 2031 Part of the Hokkaido Shinkansen.
Road and railway Fehmarn Belt Fixed Link Germany Denmark Fehmarn Belt, Germany/Denmark 17,600 m (10.936 mi) 2029[139] Construction started in January 2021[140]
Railway Tateiwa Tunnel[citation needed] Japan Hokkaido, Japan 16,980 m (10.551 mi)[citation needed] 2031 Part of the Hokkaido Shinkansen.
Road Förbifart Stockholm[141] Sweden Stockholm, Sweden 16,500 m (10.253 mi) 2030[142] Construction started in August 2014
Road Tokyo Gaikan Tunnel[citation needed] Japan Tokyo, Japan 16,200 m (10.066 mi)[citation needed] 2030[citation needed] Part of the C3 Tokyo Gaikan Expressway.
Railway Zhoushan underwater tunnel China Zhejiang, China 16,200 m (10.066 mi)[143] 2026[143] Part of the Ningbo–Zhoushan railway. Construction started in December 2020.[144]
Railway Twin Tube Chiltern tunnel United Kingdom Chiltern Hills, United Kingdom 16,040 m (9.967 mi) 2029–2033[145] Part of High Speed 2,[146] construction started in May 2021,[147] 9.1 m internal diameter[148]
Railway Uchiura Tunnel[citation needed] Japan Hokkaido, Japan 15,560 m (9.669 mi)[citation needed] 2031 Part of the Hokkaido Shinkansen.
Railway (Maglev) Ina Sanchi Tunnel[citation needed] Japan Nagano, Japan 15,300 m (9.507 mi)[citation needed] After 2027 Part of the Chuo Shinkansen (Maglev)
Railway Devprayag Rail Tunnel[citation needed] India Uttarakhand, India 15,270 m (9.488 mi) [citation needed] 2024–2025[citation needed] Part of Rishikesh–Karnaprayag line[149]
Railway (Maglev) Hiyoshi Tunnel[citation needed] Japan Gifu, Japan 14,532 m (9.030 mi)[citation needed] After 2027 Part of the Chuo Shinkansen (Maglev)
Road Zoji-la Tunnel India Zoji La Pass, India 14,200 m (8.823 mi)[150] 2026 Construction started in October 2020[151]
Railway Patalpani Rail Tunnel[citation needed] India Madhya Pradesh, India 14,000 m (8.699 mi)[citation needed] 2025[citation needed]
Metro MRT Orange Line[152] Thailand Bangkok, Thailand 13,770 m (8.556 mi) 2025 Orange Line Phase 1
Railway Twin Tube Northolt tunnel United Kingdom West London, United Kingdom 13,500 m (8.389 mi) 2029–2033[145] Part of High Speed 2, construction started in October 2022.[153]
Metro İzmir Metro Line M2 Turkey İzmir, Turkey 13,500 m (8.389 mi)[154] 2026
Metro Istanbul Metro (Line M12) Turkey Istanbul, Turkey 13,030 m (8.096 mi) 2025

World's longest tunnels (advanced planning stage)

[edit]
Type Name Location Length Year Comment
Water supply Tibet Xinjiang Tunnel China Tibet/Xinjiang, China 1,000,000 m (621.4 mi) ??? China preparing world's longest tunnel to divert Tibet river to desert[155]
Railway Bohai Strait tunnel China Bohai Strait, China 123,000 m (76.4 mi) ??? Tunnel between Dalian on the Liaodong Peninsula and Yantai on the Shandong Peninsula.
Railway Talsinki Finland Estonia

Helsinki/Tallinn, Finland/Estonia

100,000 m (62.1 mi) After 2030 Awaiting financing
Water supply Qinling Tunnel, Han River Diversion to Wei River[citation needed] China Shaanxi, China 98,300 m (61.1 mi)[citation needed] ???
Railway Serra do Mar Tunnel[156] Brazil Brazil, between São Paulo and Santos 30,000 m (18.6 mi) ???
Road Suðuroyartunnilin Faroe Islands Faroe Islands, linking Suðuroy island to Sandoy island 26,000 m (16.2 mi) After 2030 Feasibility study
Railway Twin Tube Tachlovice Tunnel Czech Republic Prague/Beroun, Czech Republic 24,700 m (15.3 mi)[157] After 2035 Project is on hold
Metro İzmir Metro Line M3 Turkey İzmir, Turkey 22,300 m (13.857 mi) 2020s
Metro Istanbul Metro (Line M13) Turkey Istanbul, Turkey 21,900 m (13.6 mi) 2020s
Railway and electricity Grimsel Tunnel Switzerland Grimsel Pass, Switzerland 21,720 m (13.5 mi)[158] 2025/2026 Feasibility study
Railway Twin tube Pacheco Pass Tunnels United States Pacheco Pass, California, United States 21,000 m (13.0 mi) 2031 To be built as part of the California High-Speed Rail project
Road Twin tube Gohpur – Numaligarh Tunnel India Assam, India 15,600 m (9.693 mi)[159] ??? Tunnel under the Brahmaputra River
Road Twin tube Kresna Gorge Tunnel[160] Bulgaria Kresna, Bulgaria 15,400 m (9.6 mi) Cancelled Part of Struma motorway, connecting Sofia and Athens.
Road Twin tube Agua Negra Tunnel Argentina Chile Agua Negra Pass, Argentina/Chile 14,000 m (8.7 mi) ??? Awaiting ratification by Chile[citation needed]

World's longest tunnels (abandoned)

[edit]
Type Name Location Length Year Comment
Water supply Gadara Aqueduct Roman Empire 94,000 m (58.4 mi) 129– Water supply for the Decapolis in present-day Jordan

World's longest tunnels (proposed)

[edit]

See also

[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Tunnel.

Notes

[edit]
  1. ^ Length does not include SRL North or West.

References

[edit]
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  2. ^ "Tras 11 años de construcción, inauguran el Túnel Emisor Oriente". 23 December 2019. Archived from the original on 21 January 2022. Retrieved 22 January 2022.
  3. ^ "Не 70 км, а 57,5! Как московские власти «удлинили» Большую кольцевую линию метро". 22 March 2023. Archived from the original on 27 March 2023. Retrieved 25 July 2023.
  4. ^ "IMG 20230327 063939 969 — Postimages". Archived from the original on 27 March 2023. Retrieved 25 July 2023.
  5. ^ First stretch opens in 1969 as part of line 2
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  7. ^ "Wer hat die grösste Röhre?" [Who has the longest tube?]. Tages-Anzeiger (graphical animation) (in German). Zurich, Switzerland. 14 April 2016. Archived from the original on 29 April 2016. Retrieved 11 May 2016.
  8. ^ Mug, Vladislav; Konvicka, Vladislav (2009). "Štolový vodovodní přivaděč z vodní nádrže Želivka do Prahy" [Underground World: Stola Water Delivery Conduit from the Water Tank Želivka to Prague] (in Czech). Archived from the original on 17 August 2014. Retrieved 27 February 2010.
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  10. ^ "Korea completes record setting rail excavation". Tunneltalk.com. Retrieved 16 June 2019.
  11. ^ "- Official Korea Tourism Organization". english.visitkorea.or.kr. Archived from the original on 18 April 2022. Retrieved 16 June 2019.
  12. ^ "Гидроспецпроект/Arpa-Sevan connecting tunnel". gidrospetsproekt.ru. Archived from the original on 6 November 2020. Retrieved 16 June 2019.
  13. ^ "1961-1981 the Complex of Hydraulic Works for Transfer of the Arpa and Yeghegis | Arpa Sevan". Archived from the original on 22 November 2021. Retrieved 21 January 2022.
  14. ^ "1968-1980 Construction of Tunnel No.2 and of Arpa-Sevan Conduit | Arpa Sevan". Archived from the original on 28 March 2022. Retrieved 21 January 2022.
  15. ^ "This Week In Armenian History: Inauguration of the Arpa-Sevan Tunnel (March 21, 1981)". Thisweekinarmenianhistory.blogspot.com. 21 March 2016. Archived from the original on 13 April 2019. Retrieved 16 June 2019.
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  17. ^ "Laman Web Rasmi Kementerian Tenaga, Teknologi Hijau dan Air". Kettha.gov.my. Archived from the original on 24 July 2018. Retrieved 30 May 2016.
  18. ^ "Downtown Line 3 officially opens; Khaw Boon Wan announces review of fares incurred when switching between stations | the Straits Times". The Straits Times. 20 October 2017. Archived from the original on 3 July 2019. Retrieved 1 February 2022.
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