List of active equipment of the German Air Force
This list intends to give an accurate detail list of the equipment currently fielded by the German Air Force.
Current inventory
[edit]This section duplicates the scope of other articles, specifically German Air Force#Aircraft. (April 2024) |
Aircraft | Origin | Image | Type | Variant | In service | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Combat aircraft | ||||||
Eurofighter Typhoon | Germany
Italy Spain UK |
Interceptor | T1 | 33 | ||
multirole | T2 | 79 | ||||
multirole | T3 | 31 | ||||
Panavia Tornado | Germany
Italy UK |
multirole | IDS | 68 | [1] | |
Panavia Tornado | Germany
Italy UK |
SEAD / ECR (Electronic Combat Reconnaissance) | ECR | 21 | [1] | |
Military Transport / Aerial refueling | ||||||
Airbus A400M | Europe | tactical airlifter / aerial refueling | A400M | 40 | 13 additional still on order[2] | |
Lockheed Martin C-130J | United States | tactical airlifter | C-130J-30 | 3 | [3] | |
United States | tactical airlifter / aerial refueling | KC-130J | 3 | [4] | ||
Helicopter | ||||||
Airbus Helicopters H145 | Germany | light utility | EC645 T2 LUH SOF | 16 | German Air Force as a special forces transport helicopter and has been configured to support their missions both during the day and night.
Flown by Special Forces Command[5] | |
Eurocopter AS532 | France | VIP transport | AS532 U2 | 3 | [6] | |
Sikorsky CH-53 | United States | transport | CH-53G | 66 | [7] | |
Trainer aircraft | ||||||
Grob G 120 | Germany | basic trainer | G 120A / G 120TP | 6 / 5 | [8] / [8] | |
Northrop T-38 | United States | jet trainer | T-38C | 46[9] | ||
UAVs | ||||||
IAI Heron | Israel | surveillance | Heron 1 | 5[10] | to be replaced by Heron TP[10] | |
IAI Heron | Israel | surveillance and combat | Heron TP (Eitan) | 5[10] | 5 on order[10] | |
Transport - "Grey Fleet" | ||||||
Airbus A321neo | Europe | Transport and | A321LR | 2 | [11] | |
Transport - "White Fleet" | ||||||
Airbus A319 | Europe | VIP transport | A319CJ | 2 | Passenger and material transport, strategic patient air transport or flights within the framework of arms control[6] | |
Open Skies | A319OH | 1 | The new observation platform OH ("Offener Himmel" = "Open Sky") is equipped with electro-optical sensors, an EO-S/digital camera and an infrared sensor (IR-S) based on an A319CJ from Lufthansa Technik.[12] | |||
Airbus A321 | Europe | VIP, troops transport | A321-200 | 1 | [6] | |
Airbus A350 | Europe | VIP, troops transport | ACJ350 | 3 | [13] | |
Bombardier Global 5000 | Canada | VIP transport | Global 5000 | 3 | [6] | |
Bombardier Global 6000 | Canada | VIP transport | Global 6000 | 3 | [14][15][6] |
Collaborations with German Air Force Participation
[edit]Aircraft | Origin | Operator | Image | Type | Variant | In service | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Airbus A330 | Europe | MMF
(Multinational Multi-Role Tanker Transport Fleet) |
Tanker | A330 MRTT | 7 | 3 on order, the last one to be delivered in 2026 | |
Boeing E-3 Sentry | United States | NAEW&CF program
(NATO Airborne Early Warning & Control Force) NATO |
AEW&C
(Airborne early warning and control) |
E-3A | 14 | 18 aircraft used initially[1] | |
Northrop Grumman – RQ-4 Global Hawk | United States | AGS
(Alliance Ground Surveillance) NATO |
UAV HALE /
ISR / |
RQ-4D Phoenix
(Block 40) |
5 |
Note, NHV provides the H145 rotorcraft training[16][17]
Armament
[edit]Weapons and equipment used on each aircraft
[edit]Panavia Tornado IDS variant
[edit]The IDS standard variant is a strike aircraft. The Recce sub-variant can perform all tasks of the IDS, and is capable of performing reconnaissance missions with a pod. This variant has a modified cockpit cabling and a different cockpit display (ASSTA-1 modernisation).[18]
- Canon: Mauser BK-27
- Air-Air missiles: AIM-9L Sidewinder, IRIS-T
- Air-ground missiles: AGM-88B HARM Block IIIB, Taurus KEPD 350, Laser-Guided Sidewinder[19]
- Guided bombs: GBU-24 Paveway III (MK-84 or BLU-109), GBU-38 / 54 JDAM (MK-82 bomb body),[20]
- Unguided bombs: MK-82
- Nuclear bombs: B61-3 and B61-4
- Pods: Litening II (Rafael), Airborne Reconnaissance Pod II (ARP II)
Tornado ECR
[edit]An electronic warfare and SEAD / DEAD aircraft [18].
- Canon: Mauser BK-27
- Air-to-Air missiles: AIM-9L, IRIS-T
- Anti-radiation missiles: AGM-88B HARM Block IIIB
- Guided bombs: GBU-38 / 54 JDAM (MK-82 bomb body)
- Unguided bombs: MK-82, MK-83, MK-84
- Other: ECM pods (including jammers), passive radar, and ECCM equipment
Eurofighter T1
[edit]- Canon: Mauser BK-27[21]
- Air-Air missiles: AIM-9L, AIM-120B AMRAAM, IRIS-T[22][23][24][25]
- Guided bombs: GBU-48 Paveway III[26]
- Pods: Rafael Litening III
Eurofighter T2, T3 and T4
[edit]- Canon: Mauser BK-27[21]
- Air-Air missiles: AIM-9L, AIM-120B, IRIS-T, AIM-120C5, Meteor[22][23][24][25]
- Air-ground missiles: AGM-88E[27][28] Brimstone 3
- Guided bombs: GBU-48 Paveway III, GBU-54 Laser-JDAM,[26][29][20]
- Pods: Rafael Litening III, Litening V ordered[30]
Lockheed Martin F-35 Lightning II
[edit]- Canon: GAU-12
- Air-Air missiles: AIM-9X, AIM-120 AMRAAM, AIM-132 ASRAAM, Meteor
- Air-Surface missile: AGM-158 Joint Air to Surface Standoff Missile, AGM-158C LRASM
- Guided bombs: Joint Direct Attack Munition, Paveway
Complementary elements for some weapons
[edit]Conventional Guided bombs:
- GBU-24, 907 kg bomb with a Paveway II semi-active laser guidance system, a FBM21 fuse and:
- GBU-38 JDAM, 277 kg bomb with a JDAM guidance system (GPS/INS), MK-82 bomb body and FBM21 fuse.
- GBU-54 Laser-JDAM, 277 kg bomb made of the L-JDAM guidance system (passive laser seeker, GPS/INS), MK-82 bomb body and a FBM21 bomb fuse and an APS (adjustable proximity sensor).
- GBU-48, 454 kg bomb made of the Enhanced Paveway II guidance system (passive laser seeker, GPS/INS), MK-83 bomb body and FBM21 bomb fuse.
Air Defence Systems
[edit]Surface-to-air missiles
[edit]Model | Image | Origin | Type | Number | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
MIM-104 Patriot
Mobile and Protected Signals Intelligence |
Germany
United States |
SAM | 7 | During Cold War, Germany had 36 Patriot systems in service.
As of July 2024:
The systems in service are upgraded to PAC-3 standard, and it is equipped with PAC-2 and PAC-3 CRI missiles in service. Germany has also PAC-3 MSE and PAC-2 GEM-T missiles on order. 16 of the launchers will be converted to be capable to be operate the PAC-3 MSE missiles.[33][34] | |
IRIS-T SLM
Part of the ESSI |
Germany | Tactical air defense system | 1 / 6[35] | It is based on the IRIS-T air-to-air missile[36] equipped with an enlarged rocket motor, data link, and jettisonable drag-reducing nose cone.[37]
The radar system expected is the Hensoldt TRML-4D, and it should be supported by the Integrated Battle Management Software Fire Control System (IBMS-FS) by Airbus. Six batteries are purchased for €950 million and the delivery will start from 2024,[38] 8 in total are expected eventually. First delivery in August 2024.[35] | |
Ozelot
LeFlaSys (leichtes Flugabwehrsystem) |
FlaRaWaTrg:
AFF: BF/UF: |
Germany
United States |
Light SHORAD | 67 vehicles | System based on Wiesel 2 vehicles, composed of the variants:
Operated by the 3rd Squadron of 61 Surface-to-Air Missile Group. A standard battery is made of
|
Radar systems
[edit]Model | Image | Origin | Type | Quantity | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Ground Master 406F | France
United States |
Early Warning (EW) Radar / | 6 | Modified variant of the GM400 for the German forces, for a fixed radar system.
Operated by the "Operational Command Service" of the Luftwaffe (EinsFüDstLw). Manufactured by Thales Raytheon Systems.[40] | |
HADR NF | Germany
Israel |
3D radar /
Long range air surveillance / |
4 | ||
RRP 117 | United States | 3D radar /
Long range air surveillance / |
8 | Under radome, in service since 1998 | |
Selex RAT-31DL | Italy | L-band solid state phased array /
3D surveillance radar |
2 | 500 km range https://electronics.leonardo.com/en/products/rat-31dl | |
Hensoldt’s ASR-S |
(Illustration image) |
Germany | Airport surveillance radar | 20 | Radar used for:
|
Navigation equipment
[edit]Model | Image | Origin | Type | Quantity | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
TACAN | — | Tactical air navigation | — | [42] |
Future equipment for the German Air Force
[edit]Aircraft
[edit]List of new aircraft ordered
[edit]Aircraft | Origin | Image | Type | Variant | Ordered | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Combat aircraft | ||||||
Eurofighter Typhoon | United Kingdom
Germany Italy Spain |
Swingrole | T4 | 38 | [43] | |
Swingrole | T5 | (20) | Planned order[44] | |||
SEAD / ECR (Electronic Combat Reconnaissance) | ECR | 15 | [45][46] | |||
Lockheed Martin F-35 | United States | multirole / nuclear deterrent bomber | F-35A | 35 | [47]
Purchased to continue German contribution to the Nuclear sharing B61-12 | |
Helicopter | ||||||
CH-47 Chinook | United States | Heavy transport helicopter | CH-47F Block II | 60 | [48] | |
H145 | Germany | Attack helicopter | H145M | 5 | 62 ordered by the German military, 5 for the Luftwaffe, 57 for the army. 20 additional ones are on option.[49] | |
UAVs | ||||||
Eurodrone | France
Germany Italy Spain |
surveillance, reconnaissance and combat | — | 21 | 7 systems on contract with 21 drones for €3 billion[50][51] | |
SIGINT | ||||||
PEGASUS | Germany
Canada United States |
Surveillance | Global 6000 | 3 | Ordered in 2021, to enter service by 2025 and replace the Eurohawk[14][15][6] |
Aircraft to be replaced
[edit]List of aircraft that are planned to be replaced in a near future for which the successor has not yet been selected.
Aircraft | Origin | Image | Type | Quantity | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Eurocopter AS532 U2 | France | VIP transport | 3 | €200 million budget for the replacement.
It is planned to be replaced from 2027 (after 30 years in service).[52] |
Equipment for future German aircraft
[edit]F-35 (future equipment)
[edit]Future aircraft for the German Air Force, to take over the nuclear deterrence mission and to be used as a strike aircraft as well:[53]
- Cannon: GAU-22/A (25 mm)
- Air-to-Air missiles: AIM-9X Block 2, AIM-120C8
- Air-ground missiles: AGM-158B/B2 JASSM-ER
- Guided bombs: GBU-53, GBU-31 (BLU-109 2000LB HP), GBU-54 (MK82)
- Other: DSU-38 Laser Illuminated Target Detectors for GBU-54
- Nuclear bomb: B61-12 (it will equip the F-35, designed to be stored internally)[54]
Eurofighter ECR
[edit]Air defence of the German military
[edit]Purchases confirmed
[edit]System | Image | Origin | Type | Number | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
SAM Systems | |||||
Arrow 3 | Israel United States | Anti-ballistic missile | 3 | The sale has been approved by Israel and the USA.
The contract cost is $3.5 billion and Germany already paid a $600 million initial payment[58][59] | |
MIM-104 Patriot PAC-3+
Part of the ESSI |
Germany
United States |
SAM /Anti-ballistic missile | 8 | 048402
Orders:
The contracts include the fire units, spare parts and support services. | |
SAM missiles | |||||
MIM-104 Patriot - PAC-2 GEM-T | Germany United States | Surface-to-air missiles | 200
(+ 300 on option) |
Framework agreement for up to 500 missiles approved in December 2023 for €3.01 billion.[62]
The missiles will be assembled in Germany, and the main subcontractors will be MBDA, Bayern Chemie, TDW Gesellschaft für Wirksysteme, Sener Aerospacial and RTX.[63] Orders: | |
MIM-104 Patriot - PAC-3 MSE | United States | Surface-to-air missiles | 248 | Germany cleared by DSCA to purchase up to 600 missiles in August 2024.[67]
In December 2024, the German parliament approved the purchase of 120 and 128 missiles in two different instances.[33][34] | |
Air-to-air missiles | |||||
Meteor | United Kingdom
Germany France Italy Spain Sweden |
Air-to-air missiles | —
(€521 million) |
Approved for purchase in November 2024.[68] | |
AIM-120C AMRAAM | United States | Air-to-air missiles | 105 | Ordered with the F-35A.[69] | |
AIM-120C-8 AMRAAM | United States | Air-to-air missiles | —
(969 planned) |
In July 2023, the US State Department approved the sale of AIM-120C8 for €2.61 billion. It includes: 969 AIM-120C-8 + 12 guidance sections + Captive Air Training Missiles + support equipment.[70]
In May 2024, the Parliamentary Budget Committee approved the purchase of an unknown quantity of missiles for €178 million.[71] | |
IRIS-T | Germany | Air-to-air missiles | 120
(+ 1,160 in option) |
Ordered in December 2023. €108 million for the 120 first missiles in the LFK version (air-air).[72]Approval to modernise and maintain the IRIS-T missiles in December 2024.[73] | |
Air-to-ground missiles | |||||
Brimstone 3 | United Kingdom | Air-to-surface missiles | 379 | Framework agreement for 3,266 missiles approved in June 2024.[74]
Orders: |
Potential future equipment
[edit]The equipment mentioned here is part of the program NNbS, ("Nah- und Nächstbereichs-schutz"), close air-support for the ground troops. At the moment, no decision has been made regarding the operator of those systems, it could go to the Bundeswehr or the Luftwaffe. In 2010, the German forces decided to retire the last 90 Flakpanzer Gepard. In 2012, the air defense of the Bundeswehr was completely disbanded. The Luftwaffe was to support the German forces with their Wiesel 2 Ozelot, and German soldiers had access to FIM-92 Stinger MANPADS.
This equipment described below is the most likely candidates that have been mentioned by the German military and by the German defence industry. More details can be found on the page "List of modern equipment of the German Army".
System | Image | Notes |
---|---|---|
Lockheed Martin F-35 | 8 additional being considered.[77] | |
AGM-158B JASSM-ER | 75 planned by the Bundeswehr.[78] | |
AIM-120C-8 AMRAAM | The Defense Security Cooperation Agency (DSCA) asked for the Congress approval of potentially USD $2.90 billion in military sales for the German Air Force on the 19th of July 2023.[79][80]
This sale would include:
| |
IRIS-T SLS Mk III | ARGE NNbS (joint venture including Diehl Defence, Rheinmetall Electronics and Hensoldt Sensors) offered the following solution for the "Surface-to-air missile / SHORAD" phase of the program:[81]
| |
Skyranger 30
NNbS program (Nah- und Nächstbereichs-schutz) |
Rheinmetall Air Defense offers this Boxer 8x8 equipped with an Oerlikon Skyranger 30 turret for the "SHORAD / C-RAM" phase of the program:[82]
Weapons:
Sensors
| |
Patriot system maintenance |
| |
WRÜbwR
Weltraumüberwachungsradars |
Approval for the purchase of a space surveillance radar.[84] | |
Skyranger 30
NNbS program (Nah- und Nächstbereichs-schutz) |
See also
[edit]- Luftstreitkräfte der NVA
- Glossary of German military terms
- Kommando LSK/LV
- List of military aircraft of Germany
- Luftwaffenmuseum, Berlin
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- ^ Hill, John (2024-06-27). "Germany orders hundreds of Brimstone missiles for Eurofighters". Airforce Technology. Retrieved 2024-07-04.
- ^ Felstead, Peter (2024-07-05). "MBDA receives contract to supply Brimstone 3 for Luftwaffe's Eurofighters - European Security & Defence". euro-sd.com. Retrieved 2024-07-05.
- ^ "ILA 2024: Germany considers additional F-35A combat aircraft". Default. 2024-06-07. Retrieved 2024-07-04.
- ^ "Germany to purchase 75 JASSM-ER cruise missiles from the U.S." 2024-03-19. Retrieved 2024-07-04.
- ^ Dougherty, Robert (2023-07-20). "Germany to acquire almost 1k AMRAAMs from US". www.defenceconnect.com.au. Retrieved 2023-10-27.
- ^ "Germany – AIM-120C-8 Advanced Medium-Range Air-to-Air Missiles (AMRAAM) | Defense Security Cooperation Agency". www.dsca.mil. Retrieved 2023-10-27.
- ^ Frank, Dorothee (2022-10-12). "Sachstand Ersatz Heeresflugabwehr". Behörden Spiegel (in German). Retrieved 2023-05-22.
- ^ Valpolini, Paolo (2021-03-03). "Rheinmetall Air Defence unveils its Skyranger 30 (upgraded)". EDR Magazine. Retrieved 2023-05-17.
- ^ "Einkaufsliste der Bundeswehr für 2024" (in German). 2024-01-24. Retrieved 2024-04-18.
- ^ "Bundestag billigt 38 Rüstungsvorhaben für rund 21 Milliarden Euro" (in German). 2024-12-18. Retrieved 2024-12-19.
Further reading
[edit]Hundreds of books, magazines and articles have been written about the Luftwaffe. A select few are listed here.
- Amadio, Jill (2002), Günther Rall: A Memoir, Seven Locks Press. ISBN 0-9715533-0-0.
- Philpott, Bryan (1986), History of the German Air Force, Hamlyn. ISBN 0-600-50293-7.
External links
[edit]- Official website (in German)
- Luftwaffe museum (in German and English)
- Fleet of Luftwaffe