Ladies and gentlemen (salutation)
Ladies and gentlemen is a salutation and irreversible binomial used in the field of entertainment, sports and theater since the 19th century.[1] The salutation is unlike most English language gendered irreversible binomials which typically place the male term before the female term.[1][2] Before the 19th century, the terms "gentil men and ladies" and "gentlemen and ladies" were more common, and according to prevalence in 18th century newspapers and usage in the Oxford English Dictionary, the shift in popularity to the form "ladies and gentlemen" occurred during the late 18th century.[1]
Since the 1950s, male-first irreversible binomials have become less fixed (i.e. the male and female term are more freely interchanged) but the usage of female-first irreversible binomials has become more fixed.[3] The use of the fixed ordering has been described as unnecessarily gendered, and binary (see gender binary).[3][4]
See also
[edit]- Women and children first, a similar principle in maritime history
References
[edit]- ^ a b c Hegarty, Peter (2013-12-18), "Ladies and gentlemen: Word order and gender in English", The Expression of Gender, De Gruyter, pp. 69–86, doi:10.1515/9783110307337.69, ISBN 978-3-11-030660-6, retrieved 2023-12-22
- ^ Francis, W. N.; Baron, Dennis (March 1989). "Grammar and Gender". Language. 65 (1): 3. doi:10.2307/414859. ISSN 0097-8507. JSTOR 414859.
- ^ a b Motschenbacher, Heiko (2013-07-30). "Gentlemen before Ladies? A Corpus-Based Study of Conjunct Order in Personal Binomials". Journal of English Linguistics. 41 (3): 212–242. doi:10.1177/0075424213489993. ISSN 0075-4242.
- ^ Bierema, Laura L. (2020-10-01). "Ladies and gentlemen, your implicit bias is showing: gender hegemony and its impact on HRD research and practice". Human Resource Development International. 23 (5): 473–490. doi:10.1080/13678868.2020.1809254. ISSN 1367-8868.
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