John Rarick
John Rarick | |
|---|---|
 Rarick in 1966 | |
| Member of the U.S. House of Representatives from Louisiana's 6th district | |
| In office January 3, 1967 – January 3, 1975 | |
| Preceded by | James H. Morrison |
| Succeeded by | Henson Moore |
| Personal details | |
| Born | John Richard Rarick January 29, 1924 Waterford, Indiana |
| Died | September 14, 2009 (aged 85) St. Francisville, Louisiana |
| Political party | Democratic |
| Other political affiliations | American Independent Party (1980) |
| Alma mater | Louisiana State University Tulane University School of Law |
| Occupation | Attorney Judge |
John Richard Rarick (January 29, 1924 – September 14, 2009) was an American lawyer, jurist, and World War II veteran who served four terms in the U.S. House of Representatives, serving Louisiana's 6th congressional district from 1967 to 1975.
Early life and career
[edit]John Rarick was born in Waterford, Indiana in January 29, 1924, to Mae Caroline (Clover) and Merl Rarick. He attended Goshen High School before enlisting in the Army. As a cadet, he was stationed at barracks that had been set up at Louisiana State University in Baton Rouge.[1][2]
World War II
[edit]During World War II, Rarick fought in the Battle of the Bulge, where he was captured by the Germans and held as a prisoner of war.[citation needed] In recognition of his service during the war, Rarick was awarded the Bronze Star and earned a Purple Heart.[citation needed]
After the war
[edit]After the war, he returned to Louisiana and enrolled at LSU. After graduation, he attended Tulane University School of Law, where he earned his Juris Doctor in 1949. He passed the Louisiana bar exam and began a private practice in Louisiana.[2]
In 1961, he was elected district judge in Louisiana's Twentieth Judicial District. He served in that capacity until May 15, 1966, when he resigned to run for Congress.[1][2]
United States Congress
[edit]1966 election
[edit]Rarick announced his campaign for Congress in Louisiana's 6th congressional district in response to the perceived racial moderation of incumbent 6th district Democratic Congressman James Morrison. Morrison had voted for the Voting Rights Act of 1965, like fellow Louisianan and House Majority Leader Hale Boggs but unlike the rest of the Louisiana delegation. Rarick's campaign sought to cast Morrison as a rubber-stamp for President Lyndon B. Johnson, who had become unpopular with Southern conservative Democrats. Morrison portrayed Rarick as a carpetbagger from Indiana who was a member of the Ku Klux Klan; Rarick denied the allegations of being a Klansman while taking pains not to criticize the group or its methods.[3]
In 1962, Rarick served on the board of directors for the Citizens' Council of Louisiana.[4]
Despite the attacks, in the first round of the Democratic primary, Morrison fell 1,880 votes shy of an outright victory; over 6,000 votes were cast for another candidate named James E. Morrison, which observers suspected had been meant for the incumbent Congressman.[3]
In the runoff, Morrison tried to justify his support for universal suffrage while highlighting his opposition to other civil rights bills, while Rarick highlighted his military record and attacked Morrison's as a supporter of LBJ's War on Poverty social welfare programs, which were unpopular in southeastern Louisiana.[3]
Ultimately, Rarick defeated Morrison in the primary runoff, winning 51.2% of the vote. This was tantamount to election in the heavily Democratic South, and he easily defeated Republican nominee Crayton G. Hall in the general election.[3][1][2]
Tenure in Congress
[edit]Rarick was first elected to the 90th U.S. Congress, representing the 6th Congressional District. He won re-election in 1968, 1970, and 1972.[1]
During his time in Congress, Rarick gained a reputation for racially-tinged rhetoric, frequently inserting into the Congressional Record criticisms and personal attacks directed at Black and Jewish leaders of the day, including Supreme Court Justice Thurgood Marshall and civil rights icon Martin Luther King Jr.[5]
FBI records confirm that Rarick was a member of the Ku Klux Klan, and that he worked with the Silver Dollar Group, a Klan splinter organization responsible for the deaths of at least eight black people along the Louisiana-Mississippi border between 1964 and 1967.[6][7]
In 1972, Congressman Charles Diggs of Detroit called Rarick "the leading racist in Congress" after Rarick testified against a committee measure providing Washington, D.C. self-governing home rule. Rarick had testified that groups such as the "Black Muslims" could gain control of Washington, D.C. should the city be allowed to govern itself.[8]
In 1967, he made an unsuccessful run for governor of Louisiana, losing to incumbent Democrat John McKeithen by a wide margin.
1974 election
[edit]Running for re-election to a fifth term, Rarick was defeated in the 1974 Democratic primary by 29-year old challenger Jeff LaCaze. Rarick's defeat created an opportunity for Republican candidate Henson Moore, who beat LaCaze by 44 votes in the November general election. The election was ordered to be rerun by court order, with Moore defeating LaCaze by a 54% to 46% margin in the rerun.[9]
Later career
[edit]After leaving office, Rarick returned to Louisiana, resuming the practice of law and becoming involved in local community causes.[1][2]
He unsuccessfully ran for election to his former congressional seat as an independent candidate in 1976. He also ran unsuccessfully for president in 1980 under the label of the American Independent Party.[1]
Rarick supported David Duke, former Grand Wizard of the Knights of the Ku Klux Klan, during his campaign in the 1991 Louisiana gubernatorial election. Rarick spoke at several Duke campaign rallies around the state.[10][11]
Death
[edit]John Rarick died in St. Francisville, Louisiana on September 14, 2009, at the age of 85.[1] He was preceded in death by his first wife, Marguerite Pierce Rarick. He was survived by his second wife, Frances Eldred Campbell Rarick, as well as his three children.[2]
References
[edit]- ^ a b c d e f g "Congressional Biographical Directory".
- ^ a b c d e f "John Rarick obituary". Baton Rouge Advocate.
- ^ a b c d Finley, Keith M. (2020). "White Flight and the Alteration of the Southern Political Narrative: Louisiana's Sixth District Elects a Congressman, 1966". Louisiana History: The Journal of the Louisiana Historical Association. 61 (1): 71–106. JSTOR 26923419.
- ^ 01 19 72 Congressional Record Regarding Cong. John R. Rarick.
- ^ Irving Spiegel (November 21, 1971). "Jews call Rarick a costly racist". The New York Times.
- ^ Federal Bureau of Investigation (June 22, 2016). "Raleigh Jackson Glover". archive.org. Retrieved March 27, 2023.
- ^ Stanley Nelson, Devils Walking: Klan Murders along the Mississippi in the 1960s, LSU Press, 2016
- ^ "Black representative calls Rarick "Leading Racist"". The New York Times. February 9, 1972.
- ^ Steven Shepard (December 18, 2018). "What happened the last time there was an election do-over?". Politico Maga. Archived from the original on May 8, 2021. Retrieved May 8, 2021.
- ^ Levin, Josh (8 July 2020). "The Frenzy at David Duke's Campaign Rallies". Slate.
- ^ "Obituaries". The Washington Post. Retrieved 2022-06-11.
External links
[edit]
- United States Congress. "John Rarick (id: R000065)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress.
- John R. Rarick Political Collection, Center for Southeast Louisiana Studies, Southeastern Louisiana University[permanent dead link]
| International | |
|---|---|
| National | |
| People | |
| Other | |
- 1924 births
- 2009 deaths
- 20th-century American far-right politicians
- American Ku Klux Klan members
- Louisiana lawyers
- Tulane University Law School alumni
- 20th-century American lawyers
- Democratic Party members of the United States House of Representatives from Louisiana
- Louisiana State University alumni
- 20th-century American judges
- American Independent Party presidential nominees
- American prisoners of war in World War II
- United States Army personnel of World War II
- World War II prisoners of war held by Germany
- Citizens' Councils members
- 20th-century members of the United States House of Representatives