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Fishbone

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This article is about the rock band. For other uses, see Fishbone (disambiguation).

Fishbone
Fishbone performing live in 2007
Fishbone performing live in 2007
Background information
Also known asFishbone & Familyhood Nextperience
OriginLos Angeles, California, U.S.
Genres
Years active1979–present
Labels
Members
  • Angelo Moore
  • Christopher Dowd
  • Tracey "Spacey T" Singleton
  • Aroyn Day
  • Hassan Hurd
  • JS Williams
Past members
  • John Norwood Fisher
  • Walter A. Kibby II
  • Phillip "Fish" Fisher
  • Kendall Jones
  • Anthony Brewster
  • Dion Murdock
  • Tori Ruffin
  • André "PaDre" Holmes
  • Curtis Storey
  • John McKnight
  • Dre Gipson
  • Freddie Flint
  • Rocky George
  • Jay Armant
  • Paul Hampton
  • John Bigham
  • John Steward
  • Mark Phillips
Websitefishbone.net

Fishbone is an American rock band from Los Angeles, California. Formed in 1979, the band plays a fusion of ska, punk, funk, metal, reggae, and soul. AllMusic has described the group as "one of the most distinctive and eclectic alternative rock bands of the late '80s. With their hyperactive, self-conscious diversity, goofy sense of humor, and sharp social commentary, the group gained a sizable cult following".[6]

Fishbone first assembled as school students in 1979 with John Norwood Fisher (bass), his brother Philip "Fish" Fisher (drums), Angelo Moore (vocals, saxophones, theremin), Kendall Jones (guitar), "Dirty" Walter A. Kibby II (vocals, trumpet), and Christopher Dowd (keyboards, trombone, vocals). They achieved their greatest commercial success in the late 1980s and early 1990s, after which they went through many personnel changes. From 2003 to 2010, John Norwood Fisher and Angelo Moore were the last remaining original members of the band. In the 2010s, all the other original members except Kendall Jones rejoined the band for various reunion tours and anniversary activities. As of August 2024, the lineup consists of Moore, Dowd, guitarist Tracey "Spacey T" Singleton, bassist Aroyn Day, drummer Hassan Hurd, and trumpeter JS Williams.

History

[edit]

Early career (1979–1987)

[edit]

Fishbone got started in 1979 as a "disparate, all-black oddball crew" when the members were in junior high school. The Fisher brothers, Jones, Dowd, and Kibby were all from South Central Los Angeles[7] and were included in a school busing program that sent them daily to the San Fernando Valley, where they met Moore, who was native to the area. After first using the name Megatron with Titus Norris on vocals, the sextet adopted the name Fishbone and formed a unique stew of different styles that became popular in the Los Angeles club scene and was a great influence on several subsequent alternative bands.[8] Their first club date was at Madame Wong's, the influential venue in Los Angeles's Chinatown that had been a showcase for a variety of seminal punk bands in the 1980s.[9] They formed strong friendships with Los Angeles bands like Red Hot Chili Peppers, Thelonious Monster, and Psi Com.[10] Fishbone were signed to Columbia Records in 1983 after being spotted at a club gig by Brian O'Neal of The BusBoys.[9] Their first release was the 1985 single "Party at Ground Zero",[11] followed by a self-titled EP, Fishbone produced by David Kahne.[9] They released their first full-length album In Your Face in 1986, and the following year they performed "Jamaica Ska" in the Annette Funicello/Frankie Avalon reunion movie Back to the Beach. Fishbone's first major international tour was as the opening act for Beastie Boys on the 1987 Licensed to Ill tour.[12]

Rise to fame (1988–1994)

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Fishbone was primarily considered a ska and funk band during their early years, but later became more guitar-driven with a focus on rock and soul music.[13] The 1988 album Truth and Soul brought Fishbone wide critical acclaim.[14][15] With this album, the band also added left-leaning social commentary to their lyrics, covering topics such as the breakup of families, contemporary racism, fascism, nuclear war, and oppression in lower income housing projects. The album was highlighted by a hard rock-inspired version of Curtis Mayfield's classic "Freddie's Dead" from the film Super Fly. The music video, directed by Douglas Gayeton, became the band's first hit on MTV. That same year, the group toured with Red Hot Chili Peppers and became nationally known in the burgeoning alternative music scene.[16] Also that year, Fishbone and Little Richard recorded the Lead Belly song "Rock Island Line" for the tribute album Folkways: A Vision Shared.[17]

The band added former Miles Davis sideman John Bigham[11] on guitar and keyboards in 1989. The 1991 album The Reality of My Surroundings was a critical and commercial success, reaching #49 on the Billboard albums chart.[18] One month before the album's release, the group played a performance on Saturday Night Live of "Sunless Saturday," a song which later featured an MTV video directed by Spike Lee. The song "Everyday Sunshine" also became a modest hit on radio and MTV.

While the band retained their roots in funk and ska, the 1993 album Give a Monkey a Brain and He'll Swear He's the Center of the Universe included songs with free jazz, hard rock, punk, and heavy metal elements.[11] At the time of the album's release, the band began to tear apart internally. Just before Fishbone joined the 1993 Lollapalooza tour, guitarist Kendall Jones was accused of mental instability and quit the band, moving to Northern California. Bassist John Norwood Fisher tracked Jones down in the belief that he needed rescue from a religious cult, only to be charged with attempted kidnapping; Fisher was acquitted at trial.[19] A benefit concert to help with Fisher's legal expenses featured Porno for Pyros, Primus, Tool, and Alice in Chains.[11] Keyboardist Christopher Dowd left Fishbone in 1994 and released an album titled Puzzle in 1997 under the name The Seedy Arkhestra, with various guests including Jeff Buckley and N'Dea Davenport. The album included an anti-Fishbone song called "Flog Your Dead Horse."[20]

Post-Sony years (1995–2002)

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Now a five-piece, Fishbone was dropped by Sony Records (formerly Columbia) in 1995, upon presenting their next album. The band added more heavy metal and hardcore punk influences to their sound on the 1996 concept album Chim Chim's Badass Revenge, released by Rowdy Records and produced by Dallas Austin. The album went largely unnoticed by the general public, peaking at just #158 on the Billboard albums chart.[18] In 1996, the band contributed to the AIDS benefit album Silencio=Muerte: Red Hot + Latin produced by the Red Hot Organization.[21] In 1998 the band lost another founding member, drummer Philip "Fish" Fisher, who became a session drummer and later appeared in the heavy metal band Wicked Wisdom. After brief periods with various drummers, the position was filled definitively by John Steward. John Bigham also left the band during this period to pursue his own career, later founding the band The Soul of John Black; Bigham was replaced by former Sound Barrier and Mother's Finest guitarist Tracey "Spacey T" Singleton. Keyboardist and horn player Anthony Brewster (The Untouchables) was a member of the group from 1997 to 1998, while John McKnight (from Ben Harper's band) joined on keyboards, trombone, and guitar. During the latter part of the 1990s, Fishbone was without a recording contract and earned their keep through constant touring.

Fishbone maintained their dedicated fan base and achieved another major record deal with Hollywood Records in 2000. They were given the chance to record a new album with several special guests, including H.R. of Bad Brains, Gwen Stefani, George Clinton, Rick James, Donny Osmond, and Los Fabulosos Cadillacs. The resulting album, Fishbone and the Familyhood Nextperience Present: The Psychotic Friends Nuttwerx, saw poor sales, though AllMusic called it the band's best album in a decade.[22] The band was dropped from Hollywood Records and headed back on the road. John McKnight left the band in 2001, and the group continued as a five-piece. In 2002, on their own independent record label, they released Live at the Temple Bar and More which contained all new songs recorded live throughout 2001 and 2002. This was later complemented by a live CD/DVD, Live in Amsterdam, containing most of their hits and filmed at the 2002 Cannabis Cup Festival in Amsterdam, Netherlands.

Shifting membership and a documentary (2003–2015)

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Moore, Fisher and Rocky George performing in 2010

In late 2003 Fishbone lost another founding member when Walter Kibby left the band. Guitarist Tracy Singleton departed as well. After leaving Fishbone, Kibby released two albums with his band Dirty Walt & The Columbus Sanitation: To Put It Bluntly (2000) and Still Smokin' (2009). Kibby and Singleton also collaborated in the band Year of the Dragon, releasing the albums A Time to Love Is a Time to Bleed (2006) and Blunt Force Karma (2009). Together, they also recorded tracks with Swade G (Kibby's younger brother Wade Antonio Kibby) for the album Ghetto Life (2010).

After the 2003 departure of Kibby and Singleton, the last two founding members John Norwood Fisher and Angelo Moore, along with drummer John Steward, restarted Fishbone with Rocky George of Suicidal Tendencies and Tori Ruffin of The Time on guitars (though Ruffin left soon thereafter), and Dre Gipson on keyboards. In 2005 John McKnight returned on trombone and guitar. Trumpet players during this period were PaDre Holmes, Fernando Pullum, Mervin Campbell, and Curtis Storey. The line-up of Fisher, Moore, Steward, George, Gipson, Storey, and McKnight recorded the studio album Still Stuck in Your Throat with producer David Kahne, who had worked on the band's early albums. The album was released in October 2006 in Europe, and in April 2007 in the United States. Music videos were recorded for the cover song "Date Rape" by Sublime, and for the song "Let Dem Ho's Fight."

In 2008 and 2009, departed original members Walter Kibby, Christopher Dowd, and Kendall Jones joined Fishbone on stage on various occasions,[citation needed] most notably for the shoot of the Pepsi "Pass" commercial, which aired in January 2009.[citation needed] In April 2008, Stephan Kraemer directed the shoot of a live CD/DVD recorded in Bordeaux, France. The DVD Fishbone Live was released on May 10, 2009.

In January 2010, John McKnight left Fishbone for the second time. During this period original member Walter Kibby returned on trumpet and vocals. During a 2011 tour, Tom "Tom-Bone" Ralls, formerly of Weapon of Choice, filled in on trombone. Tori Ruffin also briefly returned to play guitar in place of Rocky George, who was unable to tour. After the tour, Jay Armant, a former student of Fernando Pullum, joined as the new trombone player. Fishbone released a seven-track EP titled Crazy Glue on October 11, 2011.

Current and former members of the band were deeply involved in the making of the documentary film Everyday Sunshine: The Story of Fishbone,[15] directed by Lev Anderson and Chris Metzler. Narrated by Laurence Fishburne and featuring interviews with Les Claypool, Gwen Stefani, Flea, Branford Marsalis, George Clinton, Ice-T, and Gogol Bordello, the film debuted at the Los Angeles Film Festival on June 19, 2010. The film has screened at more than 100 film festivals in twenty countries, winning 12 awards for Best Documentary. One of the top-reviewed documentaries of 2011–2012, the film has a ranking of 100% on RottenTomatoes.com and was nominated for a Golden Tomato Award. The film was rolled out in United States theaters nationwide with bookings in over seventy-five cities, including extended runs in New York, Los Angeles and San Francisco, plus week-long engagements in 20+ cities including Chicago, Boston, Seattle, Portland, Detroit, New Orleans, Baltimore, and Kansas City. A DVD was released by The Cinema Guild on February 21, 2012, and received a national TV broadcast on the public television series AfroPoP.

In February 2013, keyboardist Dre Gipson left the band after nine years to focus on a new project called Hunter Green. Fishbone was in the midst of a US tour, and reggae musician Freddie Flint filled in temporarily on keyboards. In July 2013, Paul Hampton (formerly of The Skeletones) joined as Fishbone's new keyboardist. In February 2014, federal judge Jan E. DuBois ruled that Fishbone had to pay $1.4 million to a woman who suffered a fractured skull and collarbone during a 2010 concert in Philadelphia when Angelo Moore stage-dove and landed on top of her.[23][24] A five-track EP titled Intrinsically Intertwined was released on April 22, 2014.[25]

Returns of founding members and restructuring (2016–present)

[edit]

On November 18, 2016, founding member and original drummer Philip "Fish" Fisher played his first show with the band since his departure in 1998. On November 26, Fishbone performed at a Jimi Hendrix tribute concert at Harlem's Apollo Theater, at which time drummer John Steward departed Fishbone after 18 years to make room for the returning Fish.[26] In January 2017 the band announced a tour to commemorate the 1996 album Chim Chim's Badass Revenge. Former guitarist John Bigham returned to the band, after which Rocky George departed after 14 years of service. In late 2017 Moore, Kibby, and John Norwood Fisher were featured in the song "Creatures of Habit" by funk-rock supergroup The Big Ol' Nasty Getdown.[27]

In January 2018, Christopher Dowd made a guest appearance with the band onstage and decided to rejoin, thus replacing both trombonist Jay Armant and keyboardist Paul Hampton.[28] The band's 2018 lineup consisted of Angelo Moore, John Norwood Fisher, Fish, Walter Kibby, Christopher Dowd, and John Bigham, thus recreating the classic Fishbone lineup minus Kendall Jones. In December 2019, John Bigham announced that he was no longer playing with Fishbone to focus on his solo work. Guitarist Mark Phillips joined the band shortly thereafter.[29] In November 2020, Kendall Jones made a rare appearance with the band for a performance of "Them Bones" by Alice in Chains for a tribute to the band arranged by the Museum of Pop Culture. Phillip "Fish" Fisher left the group again in late 2021, after which John Steward rejoined on drums.

On May 26, 2023, Fishbone released a self-titled EP,[30] including one song in collaboration with NOFX.[31] In January 2024, Steward left the band for a second time. On April 25, 2024, Fishbone made a vague post on Facebook, indicating a major lineup change for their upcoming live dates. The following day, Dowd revealed that Fisher and Kibby had left the band due to disagreements over songwriting and recording schedules. Dowd and Moore vowed to continue, alongside new musicians to be announced, as Fishbone. This left Moore as the only member who has been with Fishbone throughout its entire history; Dowd was also a founding member but with a lengthy hiatus before rejoining.[32] New members Aroyn Day, Hassan Hurd, and JS Williams were added. Guitarist Mark Phillips left the band four months later,[33] and was replaced by Tracey "Spacey T" Singleton who had previously left the band in 2003.[34]

In October 2024, the new lineup released the single "Racist Piece of Shit", denouncing Donald Trump.[35][36]

Members

[edit]
Main article: List of Fishbone members
  • Angelo Moore – vocals, saxophones, theremin, percussion (1979-present)
  • Christopher Dowd – keyboards, trombone, vocals (1979–1994, 2018-present)
  • Tracey "Spacey T" Singleton - guitar (1997-2003, 2024-present)
  • Aroyn Day – bass, vocals (2024-present)
  • Hassan Hurd – drums (2024-present)
  • JS Williams – trumpet, vocals (2024-present)

Discography

[edit]

Studio albums

[edit]
List of studio albums, with selected chart positions and sales figures
Title Album details Peak chart positions Sales
US
[37] 		CAN
[38]
In Your Face — —
Truth and Soul
  • Released: September 13, 1988
  • Label: Columbia
  • Format: CD, CS, LP
 153 —
The Reality of My Surroundings
  • Released: April 23, 1991
  • Label: Columbia
  • Format: CD, CS, 2xLP
 49 68
Give a Monkey a Brain and He'll Swear He's the Center of the Universe
  • Released: May 23, 1993
  • Label: Columbia
  • Format: CD, CS, LP + 7", MD
 99 61
Chim Chim's Badass Revenge
  • Released: May 21, 1996
  • Label: Rowdy/Arista
  • Format: CD, CS
 158 —
Fishbone and the Familyhood Nextperience Present: The Psychotic Friends Nuttwerx
  • Released: March 21, 2000
  • Label: Hollywood
  • Format: CD
 — —
Still Stuck in Your Throat
  • Released: October 16, 2006
  • Label: Sound In Color
  • Format: CD
 —
"—" denotes a recording that did not chart or was not released in that territory.

Live albums

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Compilation albums

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EPs

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Singles

[edit]
List of singles, with selected chart positions, showing year released and album name
Title Year Peak chart positions Album
US
Modern
[37] 		UK
[41]
"? (Modern Industry)" 1985 — — Fishbone EP
"Party at Ground Zero" — —
"When Problems Arise" 1986 — — In Your Face
"Freddie's Dead" 1988 — — Truth and Soul
"Change" — —
"Question of Life" — —
"Ma and Pa" 1989 — 95
"Bonin' in the Boneyard" 1990 — — non-album single
"Fight the Youth" 1991 — — The Reality of My Surroundings
"Sunless Saturday" 7 —
"Everyday Sunshine" 14 60
"Lemon Meringue" 1993 — — Give a Monkey a Brain and

He'll Swear He's the Center of the Universe

"Black Flowers" — —
"No Fear" — —
"Swim" — 54
"Unyielding Conditioning" — —
"Servitude" — —
"Alcoholic" 1996 — — Chim Chim's Badass Revenge
"Crazy Bald Heads" 1997 — —
"The Suffering" 2000 — — The Psychotic Friends Nuttwerx
"Party with Saddam" 2007 — — Still Stuck In Your Throat
"Estranged Fruit" 2023 — — Fishbone EP (2023)
"—" denotes a recording that did not chart or was not released in that territory.

Music videos

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  • Modern Industry (1985)
  • Party At Ground Zero (1985)
  • V.T.T.L.O.T.F.D.G.F. (1985)
  • When Problems Arise (1986)
  • It's a Wonderful Life (1987)
  • Jamaican Ska (1987)
  • Freddie's Dead (1988)
  • Ma and Pa (1988)
  • Fight the Youth (1991)
  • Sunless Saturday (1991)
  • Everyday Sunshine (1991)
  • Swim (1993)
  • Servitude (1993)
  • Unyielding Conditioning (1993)
  • Alcoholic (1996)
  • Date Rape (2006)
  • Let Dem Ho's Fight (2007)
  • Crazy Glue (2011)
  • All We Have Is Now (2023)

DVDs

[edit]

Appearances on soundtracks and "various artists" compilations

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Guest appearances

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Film and television appearances

[edit]

References

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  1. ^ Everley, Dave (June 29, 2021). "10 funk metal bands that time forgot". Metal Hammer. Archived from the original on June 29, 2021. Retrieved June 17, 2023.
  2. ^ Larkin, Colin, ed. (2006). "Fishbone". Encyclopedia of Popular Music (4th ed.). Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-1953-1373-4. Funk metal hybrid from Los Angeles, California, USA who never managed to achieve the commercial success their critical reputation deserves.
  3. ^ Erlewine, Stephen Thomas. "Fishbone – Artist Biography". AllMusic. Retrieved April 24, 2015.
  4. ^ Hiatt, Brian (March 18, 2000). "Ice Cube, Pantera, Patti Smith Lead Pack Of New Releases". MTV. Archived from the original on August 22, 2015. Retrieved April 24, 2015.
  5. ^ Colón, Suzan (June 1996). "Rudeboy Awakening SPIN's guide to the history of ska". Spin. 12 (4): 28. ISSN 0886-3032.
  6. ^ "Fishbone Songs, Albums, Reviews, Bio & More | ..." AllMusic. Retrieved June 16, 2024.
  7. ^ Brackett, Nathan; Hoard, Christian (2004). The new Rolling Stone album guide. Simon and Schuster. p. 298. ISBN 978-0-7432-0169-8. Retrieved February 3, 2010.
  8. ^ Accomazzo, David (November 9, 2011). "When Talent and Influence Aren't Enough". Boulder Weekly. Retrieved March 15, 2018.
  9. ^ a b c "Fishbone: Funk Meets Suburbia". Washington Post. December 28, 2023. ISSN 0190-8286. Retrieved June 16, 2024.
  10. ^ Duersten, Matthew (October 16, 2014). "The Red Hot Days of Fabulous, Funky Fishbone". LAMag. Los Angeles Magazine. Retrieved March 15, 2018.
  11. ^ a b c d Thompson, Dave (2001). Funk. Hal Leonard. p. 302. ISBN 978-0-87930-629-8. Retrieved February 3, 2010.
  12. ^ Hart, Ron (November 11, 2016). "The Punk History Behind the Beastie Boys' First Album, 'Licensed to Ill'". Observer Music. Retrieved March 15, 2018.
  13. ^ Buckley, Peter (2003). The rough guide to rock. Rough Guides. pp. 374–75. ISBN 978-1-84353-105-0. Retrieved February 3, 2010.
  14. ^ "New Album could be the Big One for Fishbone". Billboard 103.17 (1991): 26-. ABI/INFORM Complete; ProQuest Discovery. Web. February 12, 2013.
  15. ^ a b "Everyday Sunshine: The Story of Fishbone". Fishbonedocumentary.com. Retrieved July 25, 2015.
  16. ^ Mervis, Scott (May 10, 2017). "A look back at some wild nights with the Red Hot Chili Peppers". Pittsburgh Post-Gazette. Retrieved March 15, 2018.
  17. ^ Pareles, Jon, 9-21-1988. RECORDINGS; 80's Pop Stars Pay Tribute to 30's Populists, "The New York Times"
  18. ^ a b "Fishbone | Biography, Music & News". Billboard. Retrieved June 16, 2024.
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  20. ^ "Fishbone Founder Says Band|Members Cut Him Out of Royalties". Courthouse News Service. August 11, 2011. Retrieved June 16, 2024.
  21. ^ Red Hot + Latin: Silencio = Muerte - Various A... | AllMusic, retrieved June 16, 2024
  22. ^ Huey, Steve. "Review: Fishbone and the Familyhood Nextperience Present: The Psychotic Friends Nuttwerx". AllMusic. Retrieved March 15, 2018.
  23. ^ McGovern, Kyle (February 14, 2014). "Fishbone Owe $1.4 Million for Stage-Diving on Fan". Spin. Retrieved April 23, 2015.
  24. ^ Dale, Maryclaire (February 13, 2014). "$1.4M for woman injured by Pa. Fishbone stage-dive". Philadelphia. Associated Press. Archived from the original on March 13, 2015. Retrieved April 23, 2015.
  25. ^ "New 5-Song EP Intrinsically Intertwined Drops Tuesday April 22. Pre-order available April 10". fishbone.net. Retrieved July 25, 2015.
  26. ^ "Fishbone news". Fishbonelive.org. Retrieved October 12, 2019.
  27. ^ Leigh, Nathan (January 3, 2018). "Fishbone's Angelo Moore tears it up on the latest from funk supergroup The Big Ol' Nasty Getdown "Creatures of Habit"". AfroPunk. Retrieved March 31, 2018.
  28. ^ "It is OFISHAL! Chris Dowd back in Fishbone". Fishbonelive.org. January 30, 2018. Retrieved March 15, 2018.
  29. ^ Lars, M. C. "Angelo Moore". Mclars.fireside.fm. Retrieved July 17, 2021.
  30. ^ Price, Jason (May 19, 2023). "FISHBONE To Release New Self-Titled EP On May 26th via Bottles To The Ground". Icon Vs. Icon. Retrieved June 16, 2024.
  31. ^ Hadusek, Jon (May 10, 2023). "Fishbone announce new EP, share "Estranged Fruit" featuring NOFX: Stream". Consequence. Retrieved June 8, 2023.
  32. ^ "Fishbone's Lineup Change Has Been a Major Mess | Exclaim!". Fishbone’s Lineup Change Has Been a Major Mess | Exclaim!. Retrieved June 16, 2024.
  33. ^ "Mark Philips Leaves Fishbone | fishbonelive.org". www.fishbonelive.org. August 14, 2024. Retrieved August 17, 2024.
  34. ^ Punknews.org (November 1, 2024). "Fishbone release video for new song, "RxPxOxS"". www.punknews.org. Retrieved November 1, 2024.
  35. ^ Kaufman, Gil (October 31, 2024). "Fishbone Call Out 'Mad Orange King' Donald Trump on New Protest Song 'Racist Piece of S–t'". Billboard. Retrieved October 31, 2024.
  36. ^ Grow, Kory (October 31, 2024). "Fishbone Serenade Donald Trump With New Song 'Racist Piece of S-it'". Rolling Stone. Retrieved October 31, 2024.
  37. ^ a b "Fishbone". Billboard. Retrieved January 17, 2023.
  38. ^ Canada RPM chart positions
    The Reality of My Surroundings    : "Image : RPM Weekly - Library and Archives Canada". Library and Archives Canada. August 3, 1991. Archived from the original on January 17, 2023. Retrieved January 17, 2023.Give a Monkey a Brain...:"Image : RPM Weekly - Library and Archives Canada". Library and Archives Canada. July 3, 1993. Archived from the original on January 17, 2023. Retrieved January 17, 2023.
  39. ^ a b Boehm, Mike (November 21, 1997). "The Art of Bait and Switch". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved January 17, 2023.
  40. ^ Reece, Douglas (April 6, 1996). "Fishbone Debuts on Rowdy With Stripped-Down Approach". Billboard. Nielsen Business Media, Inc. pp. 10, 117.
  41. ^ "FISHBONE | full Official Chart History | Official Charts Company". www.officialcharts.com. Retrieved January 17, 2023.
  42. ^ "Jerry Cantrell – Boggy Depot". Discogs. 1998. Retrieved June 16, 2024.
  43. ^ "The Dingees – The Crucial Conspiracy". Discogs. Retrieved June 16, 2024.
  44. ^ "The Les Claypool Frog Brigade* – Purple Onion". Discogs. Retrieved June 16, 2024.
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  46. ^ "Tapeheads (1988): Full cast". IMDb. Retrieved January 22, 2009.
  47. ^ "Fishbone live at Brixton Academy, London (UK) Jan 27, 1989". Fishbonelive.org. Retrieved August 27, 2020.
  48. ^ "Big World Cafe[26/02/89] (1989)". BFI. Retrieved August 27, 2020.[dead link‍]
  49. ^ Episode #1.2 (Music), Fishbone, Mary Kante, New Order, Cecil D. Womack, Spellbound Pictures, Zenith North Ltd., February 26, 1989, retrieved August 27, 2020{{citation}}: CS1 maint: others (link)
  50. ^ "The Mask (1994): Soundtracks". IMDb. Retrieved June 11, 2014.
  51. ^ "SEASON 16 EPISODE 16 3/23/1991". NBC. Retrieved July 24, 2019. Saturday Night Live Season 16 Episode 16 on March 23, 1991 with host Jeremy Irons and musical guest Fishbone.
  52. ^ "Idlewild (2006): Full cast". IMDb. Retrieved January 22, 2009.
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  54. ^ "Why the Boombox Scene in Say Anything Almost Didn't Happen". mentalfloss.com. April 6, 2017. Retrieved January 17, 2020.
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