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Joel M. Moss

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Joel Marshall Moss (born November 29, 1942) is an American experimental nuclear physicist.

Education and career

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Moss received his bachelor's degree from Fort Hays State University in 1964[1] and his doctorate in physics from the University of California, Berkeley in 1969.[2][3] As a postdoc he was from 1969 to 1971 a research associate at the Saclay Nuclear Research Centre and from 1971 to 1973 an instructor in physics at the University of Minnesota. He was from 1973 to 1978 an assistant professor and from 1978 to 1980 associate professor at Texas A&M University.[1] There he studied giant resonances of atomic nuclei with Texas A&M's cyclotron[4] and introduced a new technique of focal plane polarimetry[5] using a high-efficiency, high-resolution polarimeter in conjunction with an Enge[6] split-pole spectrograph.[7]

In 1979 he became a researcher in the physics division of Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL),[1] where he developed and applied his technique of focal plane polarimetry at Los Alamos Meson Physics Facility (LAMPF) and also at the cyclotron of Indiana University.[5] For example, he used his polarimetry technique to search (unsuccessfully) for collective pion excitations in nuclei in spin-sensitive experiments. At LANL he was steadily promoted: Leader of the Nuclear Physics Group from 1982 to 1984, Leader from of the Medium Energy Physics Group from 1984 to 1987, Deputy Division Leader of the Medium Energy Physics Group from 1987 to 1993, and Program Director of Nuclear and Particle Physics from 1988 to 1990.[1][8]

In 1986 Moss became the spokesperson for the E772 experiment at Fermilab, which involved dimuon production (i.e. of muon pairs via a Drell–Yan process and from charmonium decays) in high-energy proton-nucleus collisions with 800 GeV protons at the Tevatron.[5][9][10][11] In particular, they obtained information about the antiquark distribution of sea quarks in the nucleons in the nuclei of hydrogen and deuterium targets and were able to study their dependence on the mass number of the nucleus.[12] There was no mass-number-dependent modification (i.e. a different behavior of nucleons in nuclei than in free nucleons), as was observed in 1983 in the EMC effect found in the European Muon Collaboration experiments on deep inelastic lepton scattering on nuclear targets. This was contrary to what was expected from the explanation of the EMC effect from pion effects (increased occurrence of antiquarks) in nuclei. E772 could not detect any such antiquark enhancement. In addition, the E772 science team gained evidence of charmonium and charm formation in nuclei from dimuon generation.[13]

He was also involved in experiments on deep inelastic scattering from nuclei and nucleons at Fermilab. He participated in experiments at the PHENIX detector of the RHIC heavy ion accelerator to study high-energy nuclear collisions and the spin structure of the nucleon.[5][14][15]

In 1983 Moss was elected a Fellow of the American Physical Society.[16] In 1998 he received the Tom W. Bonner Prize in Nuclear Physics with citation:

"For his pioneering experiments using dimuon production in proton-nucleus interactions which demonstrate that there is no antiquark enhancement in nuclei, and which delineate the characteristics of charmonium and open charm production in nuclear systems.[5]

References

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  1. ^ a b c d "Joel M. Moss, Biography". American Institute of Physics (AIP).
  2. ^ "Joel Marshall Moss". Physics Tree.
  3. ^ "Abstract # 5673". Nuclear Science Abstracts, Volume 25, Number 3, Abstracts 4008-8192. United States Atomic Energy Commission, Division of Technical Information. February 15, 1971. p. 546.
  4. ^ Youngblood, D. H.; Bacher, A. D.; Brown, D. R.; Bronson, J. D.; Moss, J. M.; Rozsa, C. M. (1977). "Particle decay from the giant resonance region of 40Ca". Physical Review C. 15 (1): 246–259. Bibcode:1977PhRvC..15..246Y. doi:10.1103/PhysRevC.15.246. hdl:1969.1/126734.
  5. ^ a b c d e "1998 Tom W. Bonner Prize in Nuclear Physics Recipient, Joel M. Moss". American Physical Society.
  6. ^ Enge, Harald A. (1958). "Combined Magnetic Spectrograph and Spectrometer". Review of Scientific Instruments. 29 (10): 885–888. Bibcode:1958RScI...29..885E. doi:10.1063/1.1716028.
  7. ^ Moss, J.M.; Brown, D.R.; Cornelius, W.D. (1976). "Proton polarimetry using an Enge split-pole spectrograph". Nuclear Instruments and Methods. 135 (1): 139–143. Bibcode:1976NucIM.135..139M. doi:10.1016/0029-554X(76)90837-5.
  8. ^ information from American Men and Women of Science, Thomson Gale 2004
  9. ^ McGaughey, P. L.; Moss, J. M.; Peng, J. C. (December 1999). "High-Energy Hadron-Induced Dilepton Production from Nucleons and Nuclei". Annual Review of Nuclear and Particle Science. 49: 217–253. arXiv:hep-ph/9905409. Bibcode:1999ARNPS..49..217M. doi:10.1146/annurev.nucl.49.1.217. S2CID 16426595.
  10. ^ Vasiliev, M. A.; et al. (1999). "Parton Energy Loss Limits and Shadowing in Drell-Yan Dimuon Production". Physical Review Letters. 83 (12): 2304–2307. arXiv:hep-ex/9906010. Bibcode:1999PhRvL..83.2304V. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.83.2304. S2CID 119409844.
  11. ^ preprints of the E772 collaboration at LANL
  12. ^ Hawker, E. A.; et al. (1998). "Measurement of the Light Antiquark Flavor Asymmetry in the Nucleon Sea". Physical Review Letters. 80 (17): 3715–3718. arXiv:hep-ex/9803011. Bibcode:1998PhRvL..80.3715H. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.80.3715. S2CID 54921026. (over 600 citations)
  13. ^ Alde, D. M.; Baer, H. W.; Carey, T. A.; Garvey, G. T.; Klein, A.; Lee, C.; Leitch, M. J.; Lillberg, J. W.; McGaughey, P. L.; Mishra, C. S.; Moss, J. M.; Peng, J. C.; Brown, C. N.; Cooper, W. E.; Hsiung, Y. B.; Adams, M. R.; Guo, R.; Kaplan, D. M.; McCarthy, R. L.; Danner, G.; Wang, M. J.; Barlett, M. L.; Hoffmann, G. W. (1990). "Nuclear dependence of dimuon production at 800 GeV". Physical Review Letters. 64 (21): 2479–2482. Bibcode:1990PhRvL..64.2479A. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.64.2479. PMID 10041723. (over 550 citations)
  14. ^ Brooks, M. L.; Moss, J. M. (1997). "Heavy-Flavor Production via Single Muon Detection in the PHENIX Detector at √s= 200 GeV" (PDF). PHENIX Technical Note 361.
  15. ^ Akikawa, H.; et al. (2003). "PHENIX Muon Arms". Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment. 499 (2–3): 537–548. Bibcode:2003NIMPA.499..537A. doi:10.1016/S0168-9002(02)01955-1.
  16. ^ "APS Fellow Archive". American Physical Society. (search on year=1983 and institution=Los Alamos National Laboratory)
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