Hybrid neurons

In 2024, researchers identified a new type of brain cell, termed hybrid neurons that exhibit both neuron-like and glial-like properties. Unlike traditional neurons, these cells not only transmit electrical signals but also provide supportive roles typically associated with glial cells, such as regulating the brain's extracellular environment and maintaining overall homeostasis.

Key characteristics

• Dual functionality: These cells possess the ability to conduct electrical impulses like neurons while also engaging in glial-like processes, such as clearing excess neurotransmitters.
• Potential roles: Their hybrid nature suggests they may serve as a bridge between neuronal communication and brain support functions.
• Implications for brain function: Hybrid neurons could play a significant role in brain plasticity and contribute to better understanding neurological diseases.

Significance

This discovery challenges the traditional dichotomy of neurons and glial cells in brain research, highlighting a more complex cellular landscape. Hybrid neurons may provide insights into the mechanisms of brain repair, neurodegeneration, and cognitive resilience.