Hoplophyllum
| Hoplophyllum | |
|---|---|
Scientific classification 
| |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Clade: | Angiosperms |
| Clade: | Eudicots |
| Clade: | Asterids |
| Order: | Asterales |
| Family: | Asteraceae |
| Subfamily: | Cichorioideae |
| Tribe: | Eremothamneae |
| Genus: | Hoplophyllum DC. |
| Type species | |
| Hoplophyllum spinosum DC.
| |
| Species | |
| |
Hoplophyllum is a genus of flowering plants in the family Asteraceae.[1] It has two species, Hoplophyllum spinosum and Hoplophyllum ferox, both native to South Africa.[2]
Both species are shrubs. The leaves are hard and spine-tipped, much longer than wide, and either cylindrical or somewhat flattened. They are grooved with stripes running lengthwise. The type species is Hoplophyllum spinosum.[3]
Hoplophyllum is derived from two Greek words, hoplon "a tool or weapon" and phyllon "a leaf", a reference to the spiny leaves.[4]
The name Hoplophyllum was originated in 1836 by A.P. de Candolle[5] when he assigned Hoplophyllum spinosum to this genus in his classic work Prodromus Systematis Naturalis Regni Vegetabilis.[6] This species had originally been named Pteronia spinosa by Linnaeus filius in 1782 in his book Supplementum Plantarum.[7]
The closest relative of Hoplophyllum is Eremothamnus, another native of southern Africa.[8] In one classification, published in 2009, these two formed the tribe Eremothamneae.[9] Other authors have placed them in the tribe Arctotideae.[1]
References
[edit]- ^ a b Per Ola Karis. 2007. "Arctotideae" pages 200-207. In: Klaus Kubitzki (series editor); Joachim W. Kadereit and Charles Jeffrey (volume editors). The Families and Genera of Vascular Plants volume VIII. Springer-Verlag: Berlin; Heidelberg, Germany. ISBN 978-3-540-31050-1
- ^ David J. Mabberley. 2008. Mabberley's Plant-Book third edition (2008). Cambridge University Press: UK. ISBN 978-0-521-82071-4
- ^ Hoplophyllum In: Index Nominum Genericorum. In: Regnum Vegetabile (see External links below).
- ^ Umberto Quattrocchi. 2000. CRC World Dictionary of Plant Names volume II. CRC Press: Boca Raton; New York; Washington,DC;, USA. London, UK. ISBN 978-0-8493-2676-9 (vol. II). (see External links below).
- ^ Hoplophyllum At: International Plant Names Index. (see External links below).
- ^ Augustin Pyramus de Candolle. 1836. Prodromus Systematis Naturalis Regni Vegetabilis 5:73-74. (see External links below).
- ^ Carolus Linnaeus the Younger. 1782. Supplementum Plantarum Systematis Vegetabilium:357. (see External links below).
- ^ Vicki A. Funk, Raymund Chan, Stirling C. Keeley. 2004. "Insights into the evolution of the tribe Arctoteae (Compositae: subfamily Cichorioideae s.s.) using trnL-F, ndhF, and ITS". Taxon 53(3):637-655.
- ^ Vicki A. Funk, Alfonso Susanna, Tod F. Stuessy, and Randall J. Bayer. 2009. Systematics, Evolution and Biogeography of the Compositae. IAPT (International Association for Plant Taxonomy). ISBN 978-3-9501754-3-1 (see External links below).
External links
[edit]- Hoplophyllum At:Index Nominum Genericorum At: References At: NMNH Department of Botany At: Research and Collections At: Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History
- CRC World Dictionary of Plant Names: D-L At: Botany & Plant Science At: Life Science At: CRC Press
- Hoplophyllum At: IPNI
- Hoplophyllum In: Prodr. (DC.) vol. 5
- Supplementum Plantarum At: botanicus