Griffonia
| Griffonia | |
|---|---|
| |
| Griffonia simplicifolia | |
Scientific classification 
| |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Clade: | Angiosperms |
| Clade: | Eudicots |
| Clade: | Rosids |
| Order: | Fabales |
| Family: | Fabaceae |
| Subfamily: | Cercidoideae |
| Genus: | Griffonia Baill. (1865)[1] |
| Type species | |
| Griffonia physocarpa Baill.
| |
| Species | |
|
4; see text | |
| Synonyms[2] | |
|
Bandeiraea Welw. ex Benth. & Hook. (1865) | |
Griffonia is a genus of central African flowering plants in the legume family, Fabaceae. It belongs to the subfamily Cercidoideae. Griffonia is known to have a high concentration of 5-HTP in its seeds.[citation needed]
The genus includes four species of scandent shrubs and lianas native to west and west-central tropical Africa, ranging from Liberia to DR Congo and Angola. They grow in humid tropical forests, swamp forests, and thickets in coastal wooded grassland.[3]
G. physocarpa, G. speciosa, and G. tessmannii are native to west-central Africa, with G. physocarpa having the widest distribution. G. simplicifolia ranges from Gabon to Liberia.[3]
Taxonomy
[edit]The genus Griffonia was named by Henri Baillon in honour of his friend and fellow physician Marie-Théophile Griffon du Bellay, explorer of Gabon, pioneer in the study of sleeping sickness and also of the African entheogen Iboga, source of the alkaloid ibogaine. [4]
Species
[edit]Griffonia comprises the following species:[1][5][6][7][3]
- Griffonia physocarpa Baill.
- Griffonia simplicifolia (M.Vahl ex DC.) Baill.
- Griffonia speciosa (Welw. ex Benth.) Taub.
- Griffonia tessmannii (De Wild.) Compère
References
[edit]- ^ a b The genus Griffonia, as well as the type, G. physocarpa, were first described and published in Adansonia 6: 188. 1865. "Name - !Griffonia Baill". Tropicos. Saint Louis, Missouri: Missouri Botanical Garden. Retrieved November 14, 2012.
- ^ Wunderlin RP (2010). "Reorganization of the Cercideae (Fabaceae: Caesalpinioideae)" (PDF). Phytoneuron. 48: 1–5.
- ^ a b c Griffonia Baill. Plants of the World Online. Retrieved 31 August 2023.
- ^ http://ecole.nav.traditions.free.fr/officiers_griffon_theophile.htm Retrieved at 10.02 on 31/10/20.
- ^ "Name - !Griffonia Baill. subordinate taxa". Tropicos. Saint Louis, Missouri: Missouri Botanical Garden. Retrieved November 14, 2012.
- ^ "ILDIS LegumeWeb entry for Griffonia". International Legume Database & Information Service. Cardiff School of Computer Science & Informatics. Retrieved 8 May 2014.
- ^ USDA; ARS; National Genetic Resources Program. "GRIN species records of Griffonia". Germplasm Resources Information Network—(GRIN) [Online Database]. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland. Retrieved 5 May 2014.
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