Avanza Libertad
Freedom Advances Avanza Libertad | |
---|---|
Abbreviation | AL |
Leader | José Luis Espert[1] |
Founded | 12 June 2019 7 December 2020 (Avanza Libertad) | (Frente Despertar)
Dissolved | 12 March 2024 |
Merged into | La Libertad Avanza |
Newspaper | Buenos Aires |
Ideology | |
Political position | Right-wing[9][10][11][12] to far-right[13][14][A] |
Coalition members | Union of the Democratic Centre Libertarian Party Democratic Party Autonomist Party United Republicans |
Colours | Blue Black |
Members | |
^ A: It included centre-right and far-right factions.[15][16][17] |
Avanza Libertad (English: Freedom Advances; AL), originally founded in 2019 as Frente Despertar (English: Awakening Front; FD), was an Argentine right-wing political coalition. Renamed in 2020, Avanza Libertad had legal status in the Buenos Aires Province.[23][24][25] Ideologically, it is libertarian conservative,[26][27][28] supportive of economic liberalism,[29][30][31] and critical of both Kirchnerism and Juntos por el Cambio.[32] Led by José Luis Espert,[33][34][35] it included centre-right and far-right factions,[15][16][17] with its more radical factions being compared to Spain's Vox.[36]
The coalition members included the Union of the Democratic Centre,[37] the Democratic Party of the City of Buenos Aires,[38] the Autonomist Party,[39] and the United Republicans.[40] Espert ran in the legislative elections with his own alliance of centre-right and right-wing parties. The presentation was made after the negotiations with the leaders of Juntos por el Cambio failed.[41] Previously, the alliance in the Autonomous City of Buenos Aires also included Javier Milei, who later confirmed that he would compete separately from Espert.[42][43][44]
Its presidential candidate was the economist José Luis Espert, who announced on December 23 of 2018 his intention to participate in the presidential elections.[45][46]
History
[edit]Frente Despertar
[edit]On 11 June 2019, the coalition Frente Despertar was made official before the courts, which led to José Luis Espert, as candidate for president, and Luis Rosales, as candidate for vice president, in the 2019 Argentine general election.[47][48] Espert had declared his intention to participate in the presidential race on 23 December 2018.[49] This national alliance was made up of the Unite for Freedom and Dignity party, the Union of the Democratic Centre (UCEDE) except in the City of Buenos Aires, and some sectors of the Libertarian Party.[50] In the beginning, the alliance had the support of Alberto Asseff, president of the UNIR Constitutional Nationalist Party; after a sudden change, he decided to leave the front and support Juntos por el Cambio.[51] This fact caused that the ex alliance was almost terminated by Assef's sudden change; due to the signing of the UNITE seal, he was able to participate in the elections a few days later.[52]
Espert launched his electoral campaign at the Héctor Etchart stadium of the Ferro Carril Oeste club, in the Buenos Aires neighborhood of Caballito, where he was accompanied by his main candidates. There he asked to vote "neither with fear nor anger" and abandon "the crack speech".[53]
The alliance was about to be disbanded because Alberto Asseff's party, UNIR Constitutional Nationalist Party (the only party in the alliance that met the requirements to nominate a presidential candidate), stopped supporting the front. But a few days later, UNITE backed Espert's candidacy[54] and ended up participating in the elections.
In the primary elections, the electoral coalition obtained 2.16% of the votes, a total of 550,593 votes.[55] Having exceeded 1.5% of the required votes, they were able to stand in the general elections. In the October elections they obtained a total of 394,206 votes, 1.47% of the votes; being, in this way, last in front of five other candidates.[56]
Following doubts related to the financing of the 2019 Argentine presidential election campaign of the Frente Despertar and the links with the drug trafficking detainee Federico "Fred" Machado,[57] Milei was denounced along with José Luis Espert; Milei did not take part to the 2019 campaign.[58] Luis Rosales, Jimena Aristizabal, and Nazareno Etchepare also entered the complaint before the Federal Criminal and Correctional Court No. 8, for the crimes of concealment and illicit association.[59][60]
Avanza Libertad
[edit]In September 2020, during a live broadcast with Espert, the economist Javier Milei confirmed that he would be a candidate for deputy for the City of Buenos Aires, on behalf of the Frente Despertar.[61] On 23 October 2020, the lawyer, Francisco Oneto also made the decision to support the space by adhering to its electoral proposals.[62]
On 10 March 2021, a meeting was held between the main referents of the Autonomist Party, the Democratic Party, the UCEDE, United Republicans, the Republican Liberal Party, and Valores para mi País for the formation of an electoral coalition called as Frente Vamos, whose objective was to compete in the 2021 Argentine legislative election.[63] Soon after, José Antonio Romero Feris, president of the Autonomist Party, announced that he would not participate in any electoral alliance that "divides the opposition political arc".[64]
In June 2021, Espert proposed a broad opposition front against the government of Axel Kicillof in the province of Buenos Aires for the 2021 legislative election, and that it would include anti-Kirchnerist sectors like Juntos por el Cambio.[65][66]
2021 legislative election
[edit]On 14 July 2021, the closing day for the presentation of alliances for the legislative elections of 2021, the Avanza Libertad coalition was made official with parties from the Argentine political centre-right sector in the province of Buenos Aires. The UCEDE, the Democratic Party, and the Autonomist Party took part in the coalition, in addition to political groups in the province, such as United Republicans and the Republican Libertarian Movement.[67]
Electoral platform
[edit]The electoral platform of Avanza Libertad has fourteen proposals.[68] They were announced in conjunction with Espert's candidacy and published on the coalition's website, where they were developed more broadly.[69]
- Eliminate or reduce to a very low and uniform minimum import tariffs.
- Sign free trade agreements with all regions or countries that wish to access the local market.
- Eliminate export taxes (retentions).
- Reduce public spending.
- Focus attention on the most vulnerable sectors.
- Transform social plans into in-kind disbursements (community kitchens, health and education plans, etc.).
- Lower the tax burden, including the elimination of certain taxes and the reduction of others.
- Keep fiscal accounts balanced.
- Reduce the expenses of the political apparatus.
- End the partnership and propose a political regionalization of the provinces in order to obtain jurisdictions that are self-financing.
- Eliminate all industrial and regional promotion regimes.
- Reforms within syndicalism and collective bargaining agreements.
- Reform the educational system.
- Reform the Penal Code and Criminal Procedure of the Nation, imposing sentences of effective compliance and eliminating constitutional guarantees that favor criminals.
Controversies
[edit]Various journalistic media and referents of Argentine economic liberalism criticized the alleged financing by Kirchnerism of the 2019 Argentine general election campaign of the Despertar Front for which its campaign manager, the former member of the Civic Coalition ARI, Nazareno Etchepare, would have resigned. Luis Rosales forcefully denied all the accusations.[70][71][72] In turn, an alleged collaboration by Kirchnerism in the control of the ballots during the elections came to light and so that the front could print its ballots in the province of Buenos Aires glued to its local candidates.[73]
In August 2020, the journalist Eduardo Feinmann revived these accusations on his television program and social networks, stating that Espert's candidacy was promoted by the former president and political shipowner Eduardo Duhalde,[74][75] that it was financed by Eduardo de Pedro and mayors of the suburbs and later by the head of government Horacio Rodríguez Larreta. This last statement was confirmed by the former first candidate for Buenos Aires legislator linked to the convicted former minister Julio de Vido,[76] Gonzalo Díaz Córdoba,[77] who was appointed in 2020 by the Buenos Aires government as trustee of the Puerto Madero Corporation.[78][79][80] The economist Diego Giacomini, who accompanied Espert during the first part of his 2019 campaign, and the musician Emmanuel Danann, also confirmed the previous accusations,[81] indicating that Espert would have been promoted by Eduardo Duhalde and Carlos Menem to subtract votes from Mauricio Macri's camp and allow the Frente de Todos to reach the ballot.[82][83]
The Despertar Front was also accused of having rented the parties presided over by Alberto Assef (UNIR) and José Bonacci (UNITE) in exchange for money.[84][70] Although the financing reports of the Frente Despertar campaign did not declare private contributions, it is suspected that the campaign was financed by Federico "Fred" Machado, a businessman arrested for crimes of illicit association for the manufacture and distribution of cocaine, money laundering, and fraud.[85][86][87] It was also argued that the campaign received contributions from the governor of the province of Formosa, Gildo Insfrán, and the late banker Jorge Horacio Brito, thanks to the link between Sergio Massa and Daniel Ivoskus.[88][89] Finally, it was said that Daniel Vila, president of Grupo América, supported Espert's candidacy.[90][91] As a result of the doubts related to the financing of the presidential campaign of the ex-Frente Despertar in 2019 and the ties with Machado, Espert was denounced along with Rosales, Milei, Jimena Aristizabal, and Nazareno Etchepare, before the Federal Criminal and Correctional Court No. 8, for the crimes of concealment and illicit association.[92][93]
Member parties
[edit]Party | President | Ideology | Position | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Union of the Democratic Centre | Hugo Bontempo | Classical liberalism | Right-wing | |
Democratic Party of the City of Buenos Aires (left in 2022) | Carlos Nestor Onteiro (interventor)[94] | Conservative liberalism | Centre-right | |
Libertarian Party (left in 2021) | Lucas Gazzotti | Libertarian conservatism | Right-wing | |
Autonomist Party | José Romero Feris | Autonomism | Centre-right | |
United Republicans | Sebastián "Vasco" Pascual | Liberalism | Right-wing | |
Republican Libertarian Movement | Luciano Silva | Liberalism | Centre-right | |
Popular Dignity | Ernesto Raúl Habra | Neo-Nazism[95] | Far-right | |
Alternative Plural Encounter | Andrés Resa | Federal Peronism[96] | Right-wing |
Electoral results
[edit]Presidential elections
[edit]Year | Ticket | Primary | First round | Result | Notes | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
President | Vice President | Votes | % | Votes | % | Position | |||
2019 | José Luis Espert | Luis Rosales | 550.593 | 394,206 | 6th |
National Congress elections
[edit]Chamber of Deputies
[edit]Year | Votes | % | Seats won | Total seats |
---|---|---|---|---|
2019 | 113,812 | 0 / 130
|
0 / 257
|
Senate
[edit]Year | Votes | % | Seats won | Total seats |
---|---|---|---|---|
2019 | 38,970 | 0 / 24
|
0 / 72
|
National Deputies for the Province of Buenos Aires
[edit]Year | Primary | General | Seats | Position | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Votes | % | Votes | % | Obtained | Total | ||
2021 | 417.858 | 656.487 | 2 / 35
|
2 / 70
|
3º |
Deputies of the Province of Buenos Aires
[edit]Year | Votes | % | Seats | Position | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Obtained | Total | ||||
2021 | 288.536 | 3 / 46
|
3 / 92
|
3th |
Senate of the Province of Buenos Aires
[edit]Year | Votes | % | Seats | Position | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Obtained | Total | ||||
2021 | 334.228 | 0 / 23
|
0 / 46
|
3th |
See also
[edit]References
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- ^ Lacour, Pedro (25 July 2021). "Los partidos liberales presentan sus candidaturas de cara a las PASO". La Nación.
- ^ Vassolo, Inés Beato (11 March 2021). "Los liberales ratifican su distancia con Cambiemos: "No hay acercamiento, competiremos con ellos", afirmó José Luis Espert". La Nación.
- ^ "Referentes liberales formalizaron la presentación del Frente Despertar" (in Spanish).
- ^ "Finalmente José Luis Espert va con su propia alianza en la provincia de Buenos Aires". 14 July 2021.
- ^ "José Luis Espert presentó el Partido Libertario y lanzó su candidatura presidencial". www.clarin.com. 23 December 2018.
- ^ Gilbert, Carolina Millan y Jonathan (8 October 2020). "José Luis Espert: el libertario que busca acabar con la 'decadencia' en Argentina". Perfil.com.[permanent dead link ]
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- ^ Lacour, Pedro (25 July 2021). "Los partidos liberales presentan sus candidaturas de cara a las PASO". La Nación.
- ^ "Finalmente José Luis Espert va con su propia alianza en la provincia de Buenos Aires". 14 July 2021.
- ^ Gaceta, La. "Ocho fórmulas competirán por la Casa Rosada". www.lagaceta.com.ar (in Spanish). Retrieved 28 October 2023.
- ^ "Circo Espert: un show desbordado de pirotecnia dura para vender un Bolsonaro argentino". LetraP (in Spanish). Retrieved 28 October 2023.
- ^ a b TÉLAM. "Los bloques políticos definen sus autoridades para los próximos dos años". www.telam.com.ar (in Spanish). Retrieved 21 May 2023.
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- ^ a b "Alberto Fernández: En Argentina se debaten dos modelos de nación". Grupo Milenio (in Mexican Spanish). 9 May 2021. Retrieved 21 May 2023.
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- ^ "Liberales y libertarios, en la hora del realismo". Cronista. 19 June 2019. Retrieved 16 July 2021.
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- ^ Oliva, Ayelén (15 September 2021). "La ultraderecha que sueña con replicar a Vox avanza en Argentina". elDiario.es (in Spanish). Retrieved 21 May 2023.
- ^ "José Luis Espert: "La misma gente que en 2019 nos decía 'liberalotes', 'funcionales a los k', ahora nos quiere adentro"". 31 January 2022.
- ^ "José Luis Espert: "La misma gente que en 2019 nos decía 'liberalotes', 'funcionales a los k', ahora nos quiere adentro"". 31 January 2022.
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- ^ "Finalmente José Luis Espert va con su propia alianza en la provincia de Buenos Aires". La Nación. 14 July 2021 – via La Nación (Argentina).
- ^ "Sin acuerdo con Juntos por el Cambio, José Luis Espert y Javier Milei competirán separados en las PASO". Infobae. 15 July 2021. Retrieved 26 July 2021.
- ^ "José Luis Espert y Javier Milei presentaron listas de candidatos separadas y con sorpresas". Clarín. 24 July 2021. Retrieved 26 July 2021.
- ^ "Gómez Centurión y Milei se reunieron en La Biela y sellaron un acuerdo". Redacción Política. 15 July 2021. Retrieved 26 July 2021.
- ^ "Estos son los frentes electorales que competirán en las elecciones presidenciales". Infobae.com (in Spanish).
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- ^ "Presentaron oficialmente el Frente Despertar que lleva como candidato presidencial a José Luis Espert". Infobae. 12 June 2019. Retrieved 22 June 2021.
- ^ "El periodista Luis Rosales será el candidato a vicepresidente en la fórmula de José Luis Espert". A24. 21 June 2019. Retrieved 22 June 2021.
- ^ "El economista José Luis Espert lanzó su candidatura a presidente: "Argentina es decadente por el modelo populista"". infobae.com. 23 December 2018.
- ^ "Todas las precandidaturas nacionales y provinciales confirmadas hasta el momento". La Nueva. 22 June 2019. Retrieved 22 June 2021.
- ^ "Asseff: "No traicioné a nadie, me fui porque Espert es funcional a los Fernández"". Perfil. 22 June 2019. Retrieved 22 June 2021.
- ^ Clarín.com (25 June 2019). "José Luis Espert consiguió otro sello y lo presentó en la Justicia para sostener su candidatura". www.clarin.com (in Spanish). Retrieved 25 June 2019.
- ^ "Espert lanzó su campaña y pidió "no comprar el discurso de la grieta"". Ámbito. 14 July 2019. Retrieved 22 June 2021.
- ^ Clarín (25 June 2019). "José Luis Espert consiguió otro sello y lo presentó en la Justicia para sostener su candidatura". www.clarin.com (in Spanish). Retrieved 25 June 2019.
- ^ "ACORDADA EXTRAORDINARIA NÚMERO SESENTA Y UNO" (PDF). Cámara Nacional Electoral. 3 September 2019.
- ^ "Consulta de Escrutinios Definitivos". www.padron.gob.ar.
- ^ Fahsbender, Federico (18 April 2021). "La caída de 'Fred' Machado, el empresario argentino acusado de estafas millonarias y de importar cocaína a Estados Unidos". Infobae (in Spanish). Retrieved 7 September 2023.
- ^ "La nueva grieta entre Milei y Espert por su apoyo a Larreta: qué le dijo". El Cronista (in Spanish). 23 September 2019. Retrieved 7 September 2023.
- ^ "Denuncian a Espert por su vínculo con un empresario acusado por narcotráfico". Perfil (in Spanish). 28 April 2021. Retrieved 7 September 2023.
- ^ "La justicia electoral apunta al vínculo entre Espert y un empresario narco". Perfil (in Spanish). 12 May 2021. Retrieved 7 September 2023.
- ^ "Milei anunció que será candidato por el partido de Espert". 26 September 2020. Retrieved 10 November 2020.
- ^ "El abogado Fracisco Oneto será candidato a Diputado: "Voy a ir armado al Congreso"". Alt Media. 31 August 2020. Archived from the original on 7 March 2021. Retrieved 22 June 2021.
- ^ "Con Milei, Espert y López Murphy, los liberales anunciaron un acuerdo electoral que puede restarle votos a Juntos por el Cambio". Infobae. 11 March 2021. Retrieved 22 June 2021.
- ^ ""Vamos", el frente de los liberales que quedó trunco antes de nacer". Perfil. 14 April 2021. Retrieved 22 June 2021.
- ^ "Espert envía un guiño a JxC y propone "hacer una gran PASO entre los opositores para ir contra Kicillof"". Diagonales. 3 June 2021. Retrieved 22 June 2021.
- ^ de 2021, PorRicardo Carpena13 de Julio (13 July 2021). "Se derrumbó el sueño de la "pata liberal" de Juntos por el Cambio: José Luis Espert competirá desde una alianza propia en territorio bonaerense". infobae (in European Spanish). Retrieved 14 July 2021.
{{cite web}}
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- ^ "PROPUESTAS | Frente Despertar". Despertar (in Spanish). Archived from the original on 4 November 2019. Retrieved 21 July 2019.
- ^ a b Clarín.com (19 August 2019). "José Luis Espert cambió de jefe de campaña en medio de acusaciones de financiación K". www.clarin.com (in Spanish). Retrieved 18 January 2021.
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- ^ Kollmann, Raúl (1 July 2019). "Los kioscos de Espert | Las maniobras detrás de los partidos que rodean al economista". PAGINA12. Retrieved 18 January 2021.
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External links
[edit]- Official website of Avanza Libertad (in Spanish)
- Official website of José Luis Espert (in Spanish)
- Official website of Frente Despertar (in Spanish)
- Espert about the party at Parliamentario.com (in Spanish)