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Felix A. Toupin

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Felix A. Toupin
Lieutenant governor of Rhode Island
In office
1923–1925
GovernorWilliam S. Flynn
Preceded byHarold Gross
Succeeded byNathaniel W. Smith
16th[1] Mayor of Woonsocket, Rhode Island
In office
1930–1936
Preceded byJ. Hector Paquin
Succeeded byJoseph Pratt
18th[1] Mayor of Woonsocket, Rhode Island
In office
1939–1940
Preceded byJoseph Pratt
Succeeded byHenri Roberge
Personal details
Born(1886-08-31)August 31, 1886
Village of Manville, Rhode Island, town of Lincoln, Rhode Island
DiedOctober 7, 1965(1965-10-07) (aged 79)
Woonsocket, Rhode Island
Resting placeSt. James Cemetery, Lincoln, Rhode Island
CitizenshipUnited States
Political partyDemocratic (until 1936)
Republican (1936-1940)
Spouse(s)Delia A. Chapon (died 1962)

Blanche B. Lavimodiere
Parent(s)Dieudonne and Mary (Proulx) Toupin
Residence(s)Lincoln, Rhode Island (until 1930)
Woonsocket, Rhode Island (after 1930)
ProfessionPolitician, lawyer, and realtor

Felix A. Toupin (August 31, 1886 – October 7, 1965), was an American lawyer and politician of French Canadian descent. He served as Lieutenant Governor of Rhode Island and Mayor of Woonsocket, Rhode Island. He is most remembered for his 1924 filibuster in the Rhode Island Senate during a time of extreme partisanship.

Early and personal life

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Toupin was born in the village of Manville, Rhode Island, in the town of Lincoln. His parents Dieudonne and Mary (Proulx) Toupin were French Canadian immigrants. Toupin is a graduate of La Salle Academy, and Joliette Seminary in Quebec. He graduated from Boston University School of Law in 1913.[2]

On return from his service in World War I, Toupin practiced law in Manville and Woonsocket. Toupin owned extensive real estate across northern Rhode Island and nearby Massachusetts.[2]

Toupin's first wife, Delia A. Chapon, died in 1962. Toupin remarried to Blanche B. Lavimodiere (1902–82) in 1963. He had no children.[2]

Political life

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Felix A. Toupin served as Lieutenant Governor of Rhode Island, and later as Mayor of Woonsocket.[citation needed]

Lieutenant governor

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Toupin was elected Lieutenant Governor on a ticket with fellow Democrat William S. Flynn. Together with Robert E. Quinn, a state senator from West Warwick, the three young politicians wanted to push through a progressive agenda for Rhode Island. Their set of reforms included a 48-hour work week and an end to property qualifications for voting.[3]

At this time, Rhode Islanders who did not own property were not allowed to vote in city council elections (although they could vote in other races).[4] Unfortunately, the Democrats were five votes shy of a majority, and were unable to pass their reforms. The Senate was at a deadlock for months. Most of Toupin's 1923 and 1924 were spent biding time and looking for ways to get a majority.[4]

Filibuster, fistfight, and stink bomb

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Finally, in 1924, Democrats introduced a bill calling for a constitutional convention, despite the fact that the state Supreme Court had ruled that the legislature lacked the power to do so.[5] Toupin and Quinn came up with a desperate plan: they would stage a marathon multi-day filibuster.[4] Toupin read from "Hamlet" and the Encyclopædia Britannica, in hopes that enough exhausted Republicans would leave the chamber, giving Democrats the majority they needed to pass the measure.[4] Toupin did not leave the rostrum for 42 continuous hours.[6] He ate and shaved at the rostrum, and "a device" was placed near his seat so he could relieve himself without giving up the floor.[6]

On the morning of June 18, 1924, Toupin was momentarily absent as roll was to be called.[4] Republicans attempted to call the meeting to order without Toupin. Democrat Robert Quinn jumped across his desk to "wring the judge's throat" to prevent roll from being called without Toupin present.[4] This prompted a fistfight to break out in the Senate chamber: "In the minutes that followed, every person in the State House — representatives, reporters and the hundreds of civilian onlookers alike — jumped into the fray, a massive movement of swinging arms, screaming and stomping on the Senate floor." Toupin returned to the chamber, untouched, and resumed his filibuster.[4]

Finally at 7:45 a.m. on June 19, Republicans had had enough. They hired Boston gangster William "Toots" Murray to set off a bromine gas bomb in the senate chamber.[6] The plan backfired: several Republicans became violently ill but Toupin, who was being shaved at the time, had a towel over his face and was not affected by the attack; nor was Quinn.[6]

Quinn and Toupin, sensing an advantage, attempted to resume the session and call for a vote, but this time the entire Republican delegation fled the chamber (and the state) to Rutland, Massachusetts. With no Republicans in the chamber, a quorum could not be reached, and no state business could be passed.[6]

The combination of the fistfight, bomb attack, and inability of the state to function drew nationwide attention and ridicule.[6]

1924 election

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Toupin ran for governor in the November 1924 election. The Republican-leaning Providence Journal falsely blamed the gas attack on Democrats, and the November 1924 elections saw Democrats lose statewide.[5] Republicans, seeking to undercut Toupin's French Canadian American support, convinced Aram Pothier to leave retirement to run against him.[5] With the press against Democrats, Pothier carried the election.[5]

Mayor of Woonsocket

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Toupin moved to Woonsocket, Rhode Island in 1930.[2] He served as Woonsocket mayor for three terms (1930–1936) as a Democrat, and one term (1939–1940) as a Republican.[2][7]

Toupin's relationship with the Woonsocket city council was contentious. In March 1935, president of the Board of Aldermen James H. Holland called a surprise council session, without informing Mayor Toupin.[8] When Toupin later asked to be read the minutes of that meeting, City Clerk Raymond A. Jarret refused.[8] Toupin reached for the minutes book, and "a melee followed."[8] Toupin sustained a cut over his right eye from the altercation.[8]

In 1936, nearing the end of his third term as mayor, Toupin switched parties. The reason is unclear; perhaps he calculated that his base of French-Canadian voters were mostly Republican.[9] Or perhaps the Democrats simply kicked him out.[10] Either way, the newly Republican Toupin lost his re-election bid in 1936 to Joseph Pratt.[9] He lost in part because the Woonsocket Independent Textile Union (ITU) saw Toupin as being anti-union.[9] Three years later, however, Toupin successfully returned to the Mayoralty for one final term, 1939-1940, as a Republican.[citation needed]

Death and burial

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Toupin died on October 7, 1965,[2][3] and is buried in St. James Cemetery in Lincoln, Rhode Island.[2]

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References

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  1. ^ a b "Mayors of Woonsocket, RI". My Woonsocket. Archived from the original on 17 March 2015. Retrieved 18 January 2016.
  2. ^ a b c d e f g "Felix A. Toupin Papers". Rhode Island Historical Society. Retrieved 18 January 2016.
  3. ^ a b "Felix Toupin, Was Lt. Gov". Newport Daily News. Associated Press. 8 October 1965. Retrieved 18 January 2016.
  4. ^ a b c d e f g Brady, Hillary (20 June 2014). "Hillary Brady: Fistfights and filibusters: The 1924 Rhode Island Senate". The Providence Journal. Retrieved 18 January 2016.
  5. ^ a b c d Conley, Patrick J. (2011). The Rhode Island State Constitution. Oxford University Press. pp. 192–193. ISBN 978-0-19-977871-3. Retrieved 18 January 2016.
  6. ^ a b c d e f Spencer, Terry D'Amato (7 Aug 2013). "'Laughing stock of the Jazz Age' Part III: Bromine gas bomb in the Senate". Warwick Beacon. Retrieved 18 January 2016.
  7. ^ "7 Rhode Island Cities Inaugurate New Mayors". The Lewiston Daily Sun. Associated Press. 2 Jan 1939. Retrieved 18 January 2016. In Woonsocket, Mayor Felix A. Toupin, who had served three terms as Democratic mayor, today was inaugurated as Republican mayor of that city, after a break of two years in his tenure.
  8. ^ a b c d "Woonsocket Mayor Gets Eye Cut in Council Melee". Lowell Sun. Associated Press. 27 March 1935. Retrieved 18 January 2016.
  9. ^ a b c Gerstle, Gary (2002). Working-class Americanism: The Politics of Labor in a Textile City, 1914-1960. Princeton University Press. p. 233. ISBN 0691089116. Retrieved 18 January 2016.
  10. ^ "Felix A. Toupin Announces His Candidacy for Mayoralty at Fall Elections". Newport Mercury And Weekly News. 22 July 1938. p. 5. Retrieved 18 January 2016.
Party political offices
Preceded by Democratic nominee for Governor of Rhode Island
1924 		Succeeded by
Political offices
Preceded by
Harold Gross
 Lieutenant Governor of Rhode Island
1923–1925 		Succeeded by
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