Er-Ramthaniyye
Er-Ramthaniyye
رﻣﺴﺎﻧﻴﺔ or اﻟﺮﻣﺜﺎﻧﻴﺔ | |
|---|---|
Village | |
 Ruins at Er-Ramthaniyye | |
  Er-Ramthaniyye | |
| Coordinates: 33°1′18″N 35°48′20″E / 33.02167°N 35.80556°E | |
| Country |  Syria |
| Governorate | Quneitra |
| District | Quneitra |
| Region | Golan Heights |
| Destroyed | 1967 |
| Population | |
• Total | 1,304 |
Er-Ramthaniyye (Arabic: رﻣﺴﺎﻧﻴﺔ or اﻟﺮﻣﺜﺎﻧﻴﺔ),[1] or Ramsaniyye is a former Syrian village located in the Golan Heights.[2]
History
[edit]In CE 377, a sanctuary for John the Baptist was established inside a monastery at Er-Ramathiniyye.[3] The sanctuary was often visited by Ghassanids,[4] and the village had annual celebrations for the Baptist.[5]
Christians inhabited Ramthaniyye in the Roman and Byzantine eras.[6] Excavations have revealed a chapel, burial cave and sherds from the Late Roman era.[7] Christian Greek inscriptions and tombstones from the Byzantine period with Greek inscriptions have also been discovered.[8] No remains from other religious groups have been found.[6]
The village was inhabited during the Ottoman era as a winter village.[9] Transhumance shaped settlement in the Golan for centuries because of its harsh winters. The winters "forced tribespeople until the 19th century to live in hundreds of rudimentary 'winter villages' in their tribal territory. Starting in the second part of the 19th century, villages became "fixed and formed the nucleus of fully sedentary life in the 20th century Golan."[10]
Gottlieb Schumacher visited the site in the 1880s and documented crosses, ornaments and Greek inscriptions.[11] Schumacher noted that the Sabarjah, a branch of the Nu'aym tribe, had 25 tents pitched around the village.[11]
After Israel occupied the area in the Six-Day War, they began destroying Syrian villages in the Golan Heights.[12][13] Ramthaniyye was destroyed in 1967.[14] The population before the war was 1304.[14]
See also
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ Murphy, Ray; Gannon, Declan (2008). "Changing the Landscape: Israel's Gross Violations of International Law in the Occupied Syrian Golan" (PDF). al-Marsad. p. 68.
- ^ "Golan Heights and vicinity : October 1994". The Library of Congress. 1994-01-01. Retrieved 2024-08-31. (Ar Ramthaniyye shown as an abandoned/dismantled Syrian village)
- ^ Sivan 2008, pp. 102–103
- ^ Sivan 2008, p. 99
- ^ Sivan 2008, pp. 103
- ^ a b Gregg, Robert C. (2000). "Marking Religious and Ethnic Boundaries: Cases from the Ancient Golan Heights". Church History. 69 (3). American Society of Church History, Cambridge University Press: 533. doi:10.2307/3169396. ISSN 0009-6407. JSTOR 3169396. Retrieved 2024-09-02.
- ^ Syon & David 2023, pp. 155
- ^ Syon & David 2023, pp. 155
- ^ Syon & David 2023, pp. 155
- ^ Roy Marom, “Sukayk and al-Summāqah: Mamluk Rural Geography in the Northern Jawlān/Golan Heights in the Light of Qāytbāy’s Endowment Deeds,” in Kate Raphael and Mustafa Abbasi (ed.s), The Golan in the Mamluk and Ottoman Periods: an Archaeological and Historical Study: Excavations at Naʿarān and Farj, In Honour of Moshe Hartal, Yigal Ben Ephraim and Shuqri ‘Arraf, Annual of the Nelson Glueck School of Biblical Archaeology Hebrew Union College—Jewish Institute of Religion Volume xiv (2024): 69-70.
- ^ a b Schumacher, Gottlieb (1888). The Jaulân: Surveyed for the German Society for the Exploration of the Holy Land. London: Richard Bentley and Son. p. 231-235. Cite error: The named reference "k581" was defined multiple times with different content (see the help page).
- ^ Shai (2006). "The Fate of Abandoned Arab Villages in Israel, 1965-1969". History and Memory. 18 (2): 100–101. doi:10.2979/his.2006.18.2.86.
- ^ Sulimani & Kletter 2022, pp. 55–56
- ^ a b "al-Marsad" (PDF). p. 6. Retrieved 2024-08-31.
Bibliography
[edit]- Sivan, Hagith (2008). Palestine in Late Antiquity. Oxford University Press. ISBN 9780191608674.
- Sulimani, Gideon; Kletter, Raz (2022). "Settler-Colonialism and the Diary of an Israeli Settler in the Golan Heights: The Notebooks of Izhaki Gal". Journal of Holy Land and Palestine Studies. 21 (1). Edinburgh University Press: 48–71. doi:10.3366/hlps.2022.0283. ISSN 2054-1988.
- Syon, Danny; David, Chaim Ben (2023). "A Boundary Stone from Kafr Nafaḥ and the Preservation of Ancient Place Names in the Northern and Central Golan Heights". 'Atiqot / עתיקות. 110. Israel Antiquities Authority / רשות העתיקות: 149–158. ISSN 0792-8424. JSTOR 27204906. Retrieved 2024-09-01.
External links
[edit]- الرمثانية".. آثار الأرض البركانية - Interview with the Director of the Quneitra Antiquities Department about Er-Ramthaniyye
