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Draft:Tropical Storm Pabuk (2024)

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Tropical Storm Pabuk (Romina)
Tropical Storm Pabuk near peak intensity on December 23
Meteorological history
FormedDecember 20, 2024
Tropical storm
10-minute sustained (JMA)
Highest winds65 km/h (40 mph)
Lowest pressure1002 hPa (mbar); 29.59 inHg
Tropical depression
1-minute sustained (SSHWS/JTWC)
Highest winds55 km/h (35 mph)
Lowest pressure996 hPa (mbar); 29.41 inHg
Overall effects
FatalitiesNone
DamageNone
Areas affectedPhilippines
Part of the 2024 Pacific typhoon season
See more detailed information

Tropical Storm Pabuk, known in the Philippines as Tropical Depression Romina, is a weak tropical cyclone that impacted the western portion of the Philippines, specifically Palawan and Oriental Mindoro in December 2024. The twenty-sixth named storm of the annual typhoon season, Pabuk formed on December 20 as a low-pressure area, later upgraded into a tropical depression. On December 22, PAGASA named the storm Romina due to its imminent threat to the Kalayaan Islands, even though it was still outside the Philippine Area of Responsibility (PAR). This marked the first time since 1963 that PAGASA named a tropical cyclone outside the PAR. The next day, PAGASA issued their final advisory to Romina as it moved away from the Philippines. A few hours later, it was upgraded to a tropical storm by the Japan Meteorological Agency and named Pabuk.

Meteorological history

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Map plotting the storm's track and intensity, according to the Saffir–Simpson scale
Map key
Saffir–Simpson scale
  Tropical depression (≤38 mph, ≤62 km/h)
  Tropical storm (39–73 mph, 63–118 km/h)
  Category 1 (74–95 mph, 119–153 km/h)
  Category 2 (96–110 mph, 154–177 km/h)
  Category 3 (111–129 mph, 178–208 km/h)
  Category 4 (130–156 mph, 209–251 km/h)
  Category 5 (≥157 mph, ≥252 km/h)
  Unknown
Storm type
triangle Extratropical cyclone, remnant low, tropical disturbance, or monsoon depression

The origins of Tropical Storm Pabuk can be traced back to December 20, when the Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA) reported a low-pressure area located 460 km (290 mi) west-southwest of Brunei,[1] which was later upgraded to a tropical depression.[2][3] At 06:00 UTC the following day, the United States Joint Typhoon Warning Center (JTWC) issued a tropical cyclone formation alert, noting that formative banding was organizing around the circulation and deep convection was building over the center.[4] However, due to its imminent threat to the Kalayaan Islands, PAGASA named the depression Romina, even though it was still outside the Philippine Area of Responsibility (PAR), at 11:00 PHT (03:00 UTC) on December 22, and began issuing advisories on it.[5] This marked the first time since 1963 that PAGASA named a tropical cyclone outside the PAR.[nb 1][8]

Satellite loop of Pabuk moving towards Japan, taken on December 23, 2024.

Later that same day, the JTWC assigned the system the designation 28W, noting a strong northeast surge was occurring with winds shifting from north-northeasterly to northerly, while Invest 98W, which had formed near the storm, rapidly weakened and was absorbed into the storm's southeastern periphery.[9] On 21:00 UTC, Pabuk showed deep convection flaring on the northwestern periphery of a low-level circulation that was mostly exposed.[10] On December 23, PAGASA issued its final advisory on Romina as it moved away from the Kalayaan Islands and lifted the wind signals.[11] On 03:00 UTC, the JTWC classified the storm intensity as high confidence, with a ridge steering the system west northwestward. A cold surge increased development.[12] On 06:00 UTC, the JMA upgraded the storm to a tropical storm and named it Pabuk, following the observation of a favorable environment as it moved westward along the southern periphery of a mid-level subtropical high.[13] On 09:00 UTC, the JTWC described the storm with a completely exposed low-level circulation center. Dry air also increased intensity.[14][15] On December 24, the JTWC noted that the storm had a marginally favorable environment which could quickly change.[16] Erratic motion was observed within the day.

Preparations and impact

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On December 22, 2024, the Kalayaan Islands were issued Signal No. 1, where a wind speed of 39 kilometres per hour (24 miles per hour) to 61 km/h (38 mph) is expected.[5] That same day, the municipality of Balabac, Palawan was added to Signal No. 1.[17] A few hours later, Balabac was removed.[18] On December 23, 2024, all signals were removed as Pabuk moved away from the Philippines.[11] Online, rumors were made that Pabuk would make landfall over Thailand on December 20, 2024, though the national agency said that the rumors were false.[19] On December 23, 2024, heavy rain was recorded in the South Central Coast and Central Highlands of Vietnam.[20] On December 24, 2024, an advisory was made by the Malaysian Meteorological Department for Pabuk, noting that rough seas are expected within the South China Sea.[21]

Heavy rains caused 36,900 affected people in the Philippines, mostly in Palawan and Oriental Mindoro. A total of 12,200 families were affected. 799 displaced people were recorded, and eight evacuation centers were used.[22]

See also

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Notes

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  1. ^ Since 1963, PAGASA has independently operated its own naming scheme for tropical cyclones that occur within its own self-defined Philippine Area of Responsibility.[6][7]

References

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  1. ^ Warning and Summary 200600 (Report). Tokyo, Japan: Japan Meteorological Agency. December 20, 2024. Archived from the original on December 21, 2024. Retrieved December 21, 2024.
  2. ^ Warning and Summary 201800 (Report). Tokyo, Japan: Japan Meteorological Agency. December 20, 2024. Archived from the original on December 21, 2024. Retrieved December 21, 2024.
  3. ^ Significant Tropical Weather Advisory for the Western and South Pacific Oceans, 06Z 20 December 2024 (Report). United States Joint Typhoon Warning Center. December 20, 2024. Archived from the original on December 20, 2024. Retrieved December 20, 2024.
  4. ^ Tropical Cyclone Formation Alert (Invest 98W) (Report). United States Joint Typhoon Warning Center. December 21, 2024. Retrieved December 21, 2024.
  5. ^ a b "Tropical Cyclone Bulletin #1 for Tropical Depression 'Romina'" (PDF). PAGASA. December 22, 2024. Retrieved December 22, 2024.
  6. ^ "Why and how storms get their names". GMA News. September 27, 2011. Archived from the original on December 1, 2016. Retrieved December 1, 2016.
  7. ^ "Philippine Tropical Cyclone Names". Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration. Archived from the original on January 30, 2021. Retrieved May 6, 2023.
  8. ^ Rojas, Ariel (December 22, 2024). "For the first time, PAGASA names tropical depression that may not enter PAR". ABS-CBN. Retrieved December 22, 2024.
  9. ^ Prognostic Reasoning for Tropical Depression 28W (Twenty-Eight) Warning No. 1 (Report). United States Joint Typhoon Warning Center. December 22, 2024. Archived from the original on December 22, 2024. Retrieved December 22, 2024.
  10. ^ Prognostic Reasoning for Tropical Depression 28W (Twenty-Eight) Warning No. 2 (Report). United States Joint Typhoon Warning Center. December 22, 2024. Archived from the original on December 23, 2024. Retrieved December 22, 2024.
  11. ^ a b "Tropical Cyclone Bulletin #6-FINAL for Tropical Depression 'Romina'" (PDF). PAGASA. December 23, 2024. Retrieved December 23, 2024.
  12. ^ Prognostic Reasoning for Tropical Depression 28W (Twenty-Eight) Warning No. 3 (Report). United States Joint Typhoon Warning Center. December 23, 2024. Archived from the original on December 23, 2024. Retrieved December 24, 2024.
  13. ^ Prognostic Reasoning No. 6 for TS Pabuk (2426) (Report). Tokyo, Japan: Japan Meteorological Agency. December 23, 2024. Archived from the original on December 23, 2024. Retrieved December 23, 2024.
  14. ^ Prognostic Reasoning for Tropical Depression 28W (Twenty-Eight) Warning No. 4 (Report). United States Joint Typhoon Warning Center. December 23, 2024. Archived from the original on December 23, 2024. Retrieved December 24, 2024.
  15. ^ Prognostic Reasoning for Tropical Depression 28W (Twenty-Eight) Warning No. 5 (Report). United States Joint Typhoon Warning Center. December 23, 2024. Archived from the original on December 23, 2024. Retrieved December 24, 2024.
  16. ^ Prognostic Reasoning for Tropical Depression 28W (Twenty-Eight) Warning No. 7 (Report). United States Joint Typhoon Warning Center. December 24, 2024. Archived from the original on December 24, 2024. Retrieved December 24, 2024.
  17. ^ "Severe Weather Bulletin #3 for Tropical Depression 'Romina' (Pabuk)" (PDF). PAGASA. December 22, 2024. Retrieved December 22, 2024.
  18. ^ "Severe Weather Bulletin #4 for Tropical Depression 'Romina' (Pabuk)" (PDF). PAGASA. December 22, 2024. Retrieved December 22, 2024.
  19. ^ "Pabuk storm heading to Thailand is fake news". The Star. December 20, 2024. Retrieved December 24, 2024.
  20. ^ "TIN DỰ BÁO MƯA LỚN Ở KHU VỰC TRUNG VÀ NAM TRUNG BỘ" [Heavy Rain Forecast in the Central and South Central Regions]. National Center for Hydro-Meteorological Forecasting. December 24, 2024. Retrieved December 24, 2024.
  21. ^ "Tropical Storm Advisory issued at 5:45AM 24 December 2024". Malaysian Meteorological Department. December 24, 2024. Archived from the original on December 24, 2024. Retrieved December 24, 2024.
  22. ^ "Flash Update: No. 01 – Tropical Cyclone Pabuk – 23 December 2024". ASEAN Coordinating Centre for Humanitarian Assistance. December 23, 2024. Retrieved December 23, 2024.
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