Draft:Mohammad Amin Agha Hamawand

• Comment: References from reliable sources are essential to demonstrate notability. Hitro talk 17:38, 25 November 2024 (UTC)

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Mohammed Amin Agha Hamawand was a Kurdish nobleman and aristocrat. Mohammed Amin Agha Hamawand was the inaugural governor of the Chamchamal district.

Family

He was the son of Faqi Qadir, son of Rasul, son of Jawamer Agha, son of Ali Agha, son of Yadgar Begzadeh. He was the father of nine brothers, but Mohammad Amin was the only child of his parents. The inscription on his grave in Sheikh Saeed cemetery in Chamchamal indicates that he was born in 1882 and died in 1954 in Chamchamal.

A wife of a Hamawand nobleman entered into three marriages, each resulting in the birth of a son: Tahir, Sabir and Anwar. Additionally, she had six daughters, who were named Dursen, Kafia, Najiba, Naima, Nazif and Nazira. Nazira was the inaugural female student to be enrolled in an educational institution in Chamchamal. In this regard, Hamamin Agha encouraged his daughter to pursue her studies, with the intention of ensuring her safety and well-being.

Origins

Khuddad was the grandfather of the Hamawand tribe. He was the dervish of the 'Honey Bee' Sheikh of the Shleri area of Penjwen. Subsequently, the sheikh designated him as his son, resulting in the birth of four sons. Their elder brother Chalabi and their descendants subsequently relocated to Short, where they became part of the Bagzads. The elder brother of the Hamwand tribe for a considerable period of time, numerous notable personalities were born there. For example, Jawamir Agha, who is known as "Jukel", used to sit in Qasri. During his lifetime, he was the dominant ruler from Qasr Shirin to Sarpel Zahaw. He was assassinated during the rule of the Qajars.

Leadership

Another source, Faqi Qadri Hamwanda Najmuddin Mulla, offers a similar account. He was one of the most prominent leaders of the Hamun tribe. He was a courageous and skilled warrior, as well as a highly educated and gifted poet. In his final writings, he states, "He traveled to the city of Benghazi with benevolence, and many people visit his grave because he was a devout worshipper and a pious man." In light of the poems, the Mudaris family provides an explanation of the life of Faqih Qadir. They describe him as a smart, prudent, and charitable man, as well as a prudent scholar. However, they also note that he was destitute and surrounded by enemies.

Literacy

In regard to the literacy of the Hamwand tribe, Abbas Azzawi posits that the majority of them were literate, with some even capable of speaking four languages. Sharif Khardi, a doctoral student in history in Britain, offers a similar assessment, noting that the Hamwand tribe were renowned warriors, distinguished for their bravery and courage, who exerted considerable influence over eastern and southern Kurdistan throughout the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries.

Landowner

He was a prominent figure within the Hamwand tribe and the city of Chamchamal. He owned 468 dunams of land, comprising 50 pieces of agricultural land. Hama Amin Agha was an intellectual and educated individual, proficient in Kurdish, Persian and Turkish. He played a significant role in the governance of his tribe during the Ottoman and British periods. He held the position of governor of the city for an extended period.

His Personality

He was known for his magnanimity and openness. He is survived by his descendants. The anecdotes recount the generosity and simplicity of Hama Amin Agha. One night, he apprehended a farmer in the act of stealing a blanket full of wheat and was unable to give it to the cow. Instead of expressing anger, the nobleman reprimanded the man and did not strike him. Mutasarif and the officials under his command displayed remarkable courage and dignity in the face of adversity. One of his most notable achievements was the construction of a well that provided the city's inhabitants with a reliable source of drinking water. According to his descendants, despite his diminutive stature, he was of considerable financial consequence. It is noteworthy that he was never heard to utter any remarks that could be construed as inappropriate, even in the presence of those he considered his enemies. Conversely, he was a substantial, virtuous, and devout individual. He demonstrated no distinction from his fellow citizens. The subject has not been observed. He was wont to frequent one of the city's tea houses, where he would engage in discourse with his fellow citizens.

Uprisings

During the tenure of Genoshini and subsequently upon his departure from office, he maintained a garden in Chamchamal. The owner of the book writes about the Chamchamal region between the years of the two world wars; After the suppression of the 1919 uprising and the overthrow of Sheikh Mahmoud, Chamchamal did not resist the uprising. They attacked the British forces led by Karim Beg and Sayed Mohammed Jabari and drove them away from the area. Subsequently, Karim Beg, Mohammed Amin Agha, Faqi Mohammed Mortka, his sons, and Aziz Khala arrived in the city with their cavalry and presented themselves to Özdemir. Mustafa Pasha Yamulki was removed from the assembly and imprisoned. Subsequently, as documented in the Kurdistan Call, Hamwand's cavalry returned to Chamchamal via the intermediaries designated by the Sheikh. Hama Amin Agha resumed his role in the governor's office of Chamchamal district. It is evident that the Hamwand tribe constituted a significant component of Sheikh Mahmoud's military forces. Karim Beg, Mohammed Amin Agha and Hama Rashid Jawamer Agha were colleagues of his, and were among the patriots and demanders of their nation's speech. In his memoirs, Sayyid Hashim provides a historical account of the city of Chamchamal. He notes that during the rule of the Babas, Chamchamal was part of the Sulaymaniyah region. Following the British invasion, it was transferred to the Kirkuk Brigade and returned to Sulaymaniyah in 1925.

In his book Chamchamal in the 1940s and 1950s (page 63), Dr. Zenoun Periadi states:

In 1851, the Ottoman authorities designated Chamchamal as a district and linked it to the Sanjaq of Sulaymaniyah. Mirza Qadir Faqih Rasulullah Hamwand was designated as the inaugural deputy governor of the city. The remaining Ottoman forces removed Mirza Qadir and replaced him with Rashid Qadir Haidar, but he did not remain in his post for long, as the Ottomans neglected the district of Chamchamal and transformed it into a mere village until 1922. This is the year that marks the formation of the Iraqi Arab government. In that year, Chamchamal was re-established as a district and attached to the Kirkuk Brigade. In 1922, he became the first deputy governor of Chamchamala during the Maliki government's tenure. The Genealogy Foundation and the police station in Qishla were constructed by the Ottomans in close proximity to the residence of Hasan Faqih. In a letter, Majid Pasha Mutasarifi, the commander of the Kirkuk Brigade, requested that Mohammad Amin Agha Hamwandi assume control of the Chamchamal district.

Consequently, Muhammad Amin Agha, son of Faqih Qadir of the Baghzada tribe, will be the first to be buried in the city during the reign of the king.

The following is the text of Mustafa Kirkuk's letter:

'I am pleased to inform you that, at the behest of the Minister of the Interior, you have been appointed as the acting governor of the Cham Chamal district. I hope that you will succeed in your duties and that you will continue to serve the city and its people under the guidance of King Faisal I.'

His Social and Cultural Status

It is narrated that Hamin Agha was known for his generosity and simplicity. One night, he encountered a farmer who had stolen a bag of wheat. Rather than expressing anger, Agha touched the man and did not turn his face away. One of the most memorable events in the city's history was the construction of a canal to provide drinking water to the residents.

His descendants attest that, despite his considerable stature, he was not given to profanity or other forms of inappropriate discourse, even in the face of displeasure. Indeed, he was a man of considerable gravity. He was a noble and godly man, and he is still mentioned as an example of the worship of God. Despite his social status, he never exhibited any signs of superiority or distinction from his fellow citizens, and he did not assume the role of a guarantor among them. He would occasionally visit one of the city's cafes, where he would socialise with his fellow citizens. During the period of Jenushini and later, when he was away from duty, he had gardens around Chamchamal, which he used as a space for construction projects, including the building of fences and tree foundations. The author of the book Chamchamal is believed to have written between the two world wars. Following the suppression of the 1919 uprising and the removal of Sheikh Mahmud from the uprising, the Cham Chamal area did not offer resistance to the British forces. Instead, it was under the leadership of Karim Beg and Sayyid Muhammad Jabari that the area mounted an attack on the British, forcing them to withdraw from the region. Subsequently, after the elapsing of a day, Karim Beg, Muhammad Amin Agha, Faqih Muhammad of Mortka, Kurani, and Aziz Khala, accompanied by their respective mounted forces, entered the city and presented themselves as representatives of Özdemir. They proceeded to escort Mustafa Pasha Yamullik from the assembly and incarcerate him. Subsequently, as documented in the Kurdistan Bulletin, the horsemen of Hamwand returned to Chamchamal in accordance with the directives entrusted to them by Taraf Sheikh. Hama Amin Agha resumed his duties in the district of Chamchamal, while "Faqih Mohammad Mortaka" was reinstated as the postmaster in Bazian district.

It is evident that the Hamwand tribe constituted part of Sheikh Mahmud's military forces. Prominent figures such as Karim Beg, Muhammad Amin Agha and Hama Rashid were his companions and allies. Indeed, Karim Beg and Hama Rashidi Jawamir Agha were instrumental in this endeavour.

His Tribe

Khudadad was the paternal ancestor of the Hamwand tribe. He was a monastic disciple of Sheikh Hangezhali, a prominent figure in the Shleri area of Penjwen. The sheikh subsequently adopted Khudadad as his son. They had four sons, Sartop and the eldest among the tribe's siblings. To illustrate, Jawamer Agha, also known as Jukl, is documented to have resided in the palace and ruled from Shirin Palace to Sarpeli Zahaw. He was assassinated during the Qajar period. Another noteworthy figure is Faqe Qadir of Hamwand. Najmadin Mullah provides a detailed account of this event in his writings. He was a prominent figure within the Hamwan tribe, occupying a position of authority and leadership. He was a courageous warrior and skilled archer, yet he was also a learned and gifted poet. He passed away in Benghazi, where his grave is a popular destination for visitors drawn to his reputation as a devout individual. The Muderis family offers insights into the life and work of Faqe Qadir, drawing upon his poetic oeuvre. They portray him as an intelligent, cautious, and philanthropic individual, a meticulous scholar, yet also a solitary figure, surrounded by adversaries. Abbas Azawi provides a detailed account of the literacy levels among the Hamwand tribe, noting that a significant proportion of them are literate. Some of the individuals in question demonstrated proficiency in four languages. In his doctoral studies in history in the UK, Sharif Hazhar writes about the Hamwand tribe. He characterises them as a people of great courage and valour, who ruled in East and South Kurdistan throughout the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries.

Administrative History of Chamchamal

In his memoirs, Sayed Hashim provides a detailed account of the history of Chamchamal during the Baban rule. He notes that, at that time, Chamchamal was part of Sulaimani, where the local population conducted their business activities. Following the British occupation, the area was placed under the control of the Kirkuk Brigade. In 1925, it was returned to Sulaimani. In his memoirs, Dr. Zanoon Piriadi states that in the 1940s and 1950s, Chamchamal was transformed into a district by the Ottomans in 1851 (Piriadi, 1940s and 1950s, page 63). Mirza Qadir Faqe Rasul Hamwand was designated as the inaugural governor of Sulaimani. Subsequently, the Hamwands removed Mirza Qadir and replaced him with Rashid Qadir Haider Hamwand.In 1922, the Iraqi Arab government was established, resulting in the re-establishment of Chamchamal as a district and its incorporation into the Kirkuk brigade. In 1922, Mohammed Amin Agha Hamwand was appointed as the inaugural governor of Chamchamal during the royal government. The Genushini agency and the police station were situated in the castle in close proximity to the residence of Hassan Faqiana, which was constructed by the Ottomans. In a letter, Majid Pasha, the commander of the Kirkuk brigade, requested that Mohammed Amin Agha Hamwandi assume control of the Chamchamal district governor. Consequently, Muhammad Amin Agha, son of Faqi Qadir of the Begzada clan, became the inaugural Jenushin in the city during the monarchy. The following is the text of the letter from the governor of Kirkuk: To Mr. Mohammed Amin Agha, I am pleased to announce that you have been appointed as the governor of Chamchamal district by the order of the Minister of Interior. Some sources indicate that Faqi Qaderi Babishi previously held the position of governor, with the governor's headquarters located in Bazian. However, Dr. Farhad Abdulaziz asserts that he was a member of the city council, not Genushin. In his writings, Sayyid Hashim makes a compelling argument that when Faqe Qadir was appointed as the Jenoshin, the city had only 76 houses and six shops.

References

Category:Kurdish politicians from the Ottoman Empire