Draft:List of Hindustani Muslims
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This is a list of notable Hindustani Muslims from history and modern day. It includes notable people from the Muhajir (Pakistan) community who migrated from India to Pakistan in the 1947 Partition of India. It also includes Muslims who chose to stay in India.
Delhi Sultanate era
[edit]- Nusrat Khan Jalesari – One of the main Generals of Alauddin Khilji. [1]
- Zafar Khan (Indian general) – Indian Muslim General of Alauddin. [2]
- Malik Kafur – General of Alauddin Khilji; a slave turned general who conquered vast amount of lands for Alauddin Khalji. [3]
- Haji Maula – Indian Muslim officer who led an unsuccessful rebellion against Allauddin, Rebellions against Alauddin Khalji. [4][5]
- Malik Maqbul Tilangani – Indian commander, a Deccani convert, and Wazir of the Delhi Sultanate under Firuz Shah Tughlaq; also the governor of Hyderabad.[6][7]
- Malik Nayak – Shaikhzada (Hindu Convert) Muslim general; led the Battle of Amroha against the Mongols. [8]
Nawab of Arcot, Carnatic Sultanate
[edit]- Anwaruddin Khan – (Subedar of Thatta, Given title "Bahadur" by Aurangzeb, had several victories against the Marathas. He was also the Yameen-Us-Sultanat (Right hand man) of Nizam-ul-Mulk, Asaf Jah I ) [9][10]
- Muhammad Ali Khan Wallajah – (Known for his contributions to strengthening the Nawab's rule and alliances with the British.He had several Victories Against the French East India Company, at the Siege of Arcot where he was allied with Robert Clive and Battle of Golden Rock with Stringer Lawrence) [11][12][13]
- Azim-ud-Daula – (Played a key role in the later period of the Carnatic Sultanate). [14]
- Umdat ul-Umara– (Covert ally of Tipu Sultan in the Anglo-Mysore Wars) [15]
Notable Figures of the Indian Rebellion of 1857
[edit]- Ahmadullah Shah : Notorious Rebel, inciting rebellion in the Awadh region. Credited to be the mastermind behind the Chapati Movement. Participated in the Battle of Chinhat, that defeated infamous Henry Lawrence (Indian Army officer). Also took part in the Siege of Lucknow that made the British forces retreat and ended in the death of Henry Lawrence (Indian Army officer). George Bruce Malleson describes his military skills : "Maulavi was the only one who could have dared to defeat Sir Colin Campbell twice." [16][17][18]
- Barkat Ahmad : Highly Trained Sepoy Mutineer, Known for his role in commanding rebels against british in Battle of Chinhat.[19][20][21][22]
- Fazl-e-Haq Khairabadi : Sufi Poet, Conducted meetings with Bahadur Shah Zafar to develop plans to incite rebellions against East India Company. Later Arrested and sent to exile in Andaman and Nicobar Islands. [23][24][25][26]
- Maulvi Liaquat Ali : A prominent leader of the Indian Rebellion of 1857 from Allahabad, known for leading the resistance against British rule in the region. Gained Control of Khusro Bagh for a while. [27][28][29]
- Begum Hazrat Mahal : One of the few women who led rebels to victory at Siege of Lucknow. [30] [31]
- Imdadullah Muhajir Makki : An Islamic scholar and freedom fighter who played an active role during the 1857 revolt, him and his companions defeated the British at the Battle of Shamli. [32][33][34][35]
- Maulvi Muhammad Baqir : The editor of Delhi Urdu Akhbar and a prominent figure in the 1857 revolt, executed by the British for his revolutionary activities. [36][37][38]
- Maulvi Allauddin : A freedom fighter from the 1857 rebellion, known for his role in organizing resistance in Hyderabad. With Turrebaz Khan they led an attack on the British Residency, Hyderabad. [39]
- Sadruddin Khan Azurda Dehlawi : A poet, scholar, and judge in Delhi, associated with the cultural and intellectual revival of the Mughal court, as well as the Indian Rebellion of 1857. Closely Associated with Ghalib. [40][41]
- Nawab Majju Khan : A revolutionary leader during the Indian Rebellion of 1857, known for leading uprisings in the Bareilly region. Served as the commander of the Last Mughal Emperor Bahadur Shah Zafar. [42][43][44][45][46][47]
- Bakht Khan : Commander in Cheif of the rebel forces in the Siege of Delhi. One of the most prominent leaders in the rebellion, described as the british as "most intelligent character". [48][49]
Notable military figures
[edit]- Syed Ahmad Barelvi: An Islamic scholar and leader of the Mujahideen movement in the early 19th century,Led an army to victory against the Sikh Empire at the Battle of Akora Khattak. [50][51][52]
- Shah Abdul Aziz Dehlavi: A renowned Islamic scholar, theologian, and a key figure in the early reform movements in India. [53][54][55]
- Shah Ismail Dehlvi: An Islamic scholar and freedom fighter, known for his efforts to revive Islamic teachings and his role in armed resistance with Syed Ahmad Barelvi. [56][57][58]
- Isa Khan: His ancestors hailed from Awadh , a powerful medieval nobleman and leader of the Baro-Bhuyan in Bengal. During his reign, he successfully unified the chieftains of Bengal and resisted the Mughal invasion of Bengal. It was only after his death that the region fell totally under Mughal control. [59][60][61][62]
- Masum Khan: Grandson of Isa Khan, a Mughal general who participated in the Siege of Hooghly against the Portuguese and participated in the invasion of Assam in 1636. [63]
- Fathullah Imad-ul-Mulk: A Brahmin convert and the founder of the Berar sultanate in the Deccan during the 16th century. [64]
- Malik Ahmad Nizam Shah I: The founder of the Ahmadnagar Sultanate and a key figure in the Deccan's history. [65]
- Hasan Khan Mewati: A Rajput-Muslim ruler of Mewat who fought gallantly alongside Rana Sanga against Babur at the Battle of Khanwa. His valor also earned him a reputation at the Battle of Panipat (1526) where he supported Ibrahim Khan Lodi. [66][67]
- Munim Khan II: A Grand Vizier of the Mughal Empire during the reign Bahadur Shah I, powerful nobleman who also participated in the Battle of Jajau.[68][69]
- Shaikh Farid Bukhari: A Mughal nobleman and general close to Akbar and Jahangir. Served as the Bakhshi (Mughal Empire) under Akbar. Known for suppressing the rebellion of Khusrau Mirza. As governor of Punjab he was given the task to execute Sikh Guru Arjan. [70][71]
- Raja Akbar Ali: A zamindar and leader in the 1781 revolt in Bihar against the British East India Company, commanding a force of 4000 Matchlock men.
- Murshid Quli Khan: The first Nawab of Bengal, credited with founding the autonomous Nawabdom of Bengal. Also credited with playing an important role in determining financial strategies of the sharia in the Fatawa 'Alamgiri. Founded the city Murshidabad. [72]
- Almas Ali Khan: A commander of the forces of Awadh playing a crucial role during the Nawab's rule.
- Ali Muhammad Khan (Awadh): A general in the army of the Nawab of Awadh, active during the early stages of British expansion.
- Musa Khan of Bengal: Inheritor of the throne of Sonargaon after his father Isa Khan of Bengal's death. He successfully resisted mughal expansion in Bengal for a decade. When his rule finally came to an end he chose to become loyal to the Mughal Empire and actively took part in the conquests of Tripura and suppression of a revolt in Kamrup district. [73][74]
- Fateh Bahadur Sahi: Waged a successful 20 year Guerilla campaign against the East India Company from 1767 onwards.His repeated incursions had crippled revenue collection in the area. Also took part in the 1781 revolt in Bihar alongside Raja Narain Singh and Raja akbar ali. [75][76]
- Roshan-ud-Daulah: Grand vizier of mughal empire in the reign of Muhammad Shah, most powerful noble in the court of Muhammad Shah. [77]
- Muqarrab Khan: Most experienced commander of the Sultanate of Golconda, during the reign of Abul Hasan Qutb Shah.He later overthrew Abul Hasan Qutb Shah by allying with Aurangzeb at the Siege of Golconda.After doing this he became the De facto ruler of Golconda.He also captured the infamous Maratha King Sambhaji , the son of Shivaji at Sangameshwar. Whom he presented to Aurangzeb. [78][79][80]
- Sayyid brothers: Powerful noblemen in the Mughal Empire who long served in the leadership of the mughal armies. Near the Decline of the Mughal Empire they held immense power and practically controlled who would sit on the throne. [81][82][83]
- Khan Dowran VII: Mughal statesman and general. He was made Samsam ud-Daula (Sword of the State),was the Mir Bakshi and Amir-ul-Umara. He was the head of all the imperial nobility and the commander-in-chief of the Mughal army during the reign of Muhammad Shah, and served the Emperor until his death at the Battle of Karnal. In this battle he was praised by Nader Shah for being one of the few who remained loyal to the mughal emperor. He was also closely associated with famous urdu poet Mir Taqi Mir. [84][85][86][87]
List of notable Muhajirs in Pakistan
[edit]- Pervez Musharraf: President of Pakistan from 2001-2008 , Seen as the main architect of Kargil War, led Pakistani response in the 2001–2002 India–Pakistan standoff, toppled Nawaz Sharif's government in the 1999 Pakistani coup d'état. Linked with the assassination of Benazir Bhutto, involved in the killing of Akbar Bugti. He himself has survived multiple assassination attempts. [88][89][90]
- Shamim Alam Khan: 4-star rank general, Sitara-e-Jurat in Indo-Pakistani war of 1965, involved in the Somali Civil War (2009–present). Served as an advisor to Jordan, for which he got the highest military award of Jordan for. [91][92]
- Mirza Aslam Beg: Third Chief of the Army Staff (Pakistan). Accused of being behind the plane crash that killed Muhammad Zia-ul-Haq. Known for his role in gathering 40 thousand volunteers for Soviet–Afghan War, Pro Taliban General. [93]
- Muhammad Mahmood Alam: Known as the "Little Dragon". Flying ace for shooting down 5 Indian Airforce jets in less than a minute in the Indo-Pakistani war of 1965. M. M. Alam Road is named after him [94][95][96]
- Agha Hasan Abedi: Founder of Bank of Credit and Commerce International ,one of the fastest growing banks in the world. Got convicted for opening accounts and money laundering for people like Saddam Hussein, Manuel Noriega,Pablo Escobar, Abu Nidal Organization, and Pakistani nuclear programme. [97][98][99]
- FS Hussain: Renowned Pioneer Pakistan Air Force pilot, "King of Fury,". As commander his students included pilots like Muhammad Mahmood Alam and Saiful Azam. His aerobatic skills left personalities like Mohammad Reza Pahlavi and the commander of RAF Middle East Command Arthur Tedder, 1st Baron Tedder extremely impressed. [100][101][102][103]
- Kasim Razvi: Founder of the Razakars (Hyderabad) militia to resist Hyderabad being part of India. Accused of Hindu Massacres in hyderabad also shown in the movie : Razakar - Silent Genocide of Hyderabad. [104][105][106]
- Masroor Hosain: Air Commodore in the Pakistan Air Force, Known for playing a crucial role in managing operations in the Indo-Pakistani war of 1965, Led the staff at the primary radar station at Sakesar. PAF Base Masroor is named after him. [107][108][109][110][111]
- Altaf Hussain (Pakistani politician): Founder of Muttahida Qaumi Movement – London, major political movement in Karachi representing the issues of Muhajir (Pakistan). Co-Founded MQM Violence (1994–2016), militant wing of MQM alongside Imran Farooq.[112][113][114]
- Syed Shahid Hamid: Set up the Inter-Services Intelligence from an office in karachi alongside Walter Cawthorn. [115]
- Abdul Qadeer Khan: Father of Pakistan's nuclear program. Awarded Nishan-e-Imtiaz and Hilal-i-Imtiaz. [116][117]
- Muhammad Raziuddin Siddiqui: Pakistani Physicist, studied Mathematics and Quantum mechanics under Albert Einstein; awarded for his contributions to Pakistan's nuclear program Sitara-i-Imtiaz , Hilal-i-Imtiaz, Nishan-e-Imtiaz. Previosuly worked in Europe carrying out nuclear research in the Force de dissuasion and Nuclear weapons of the United Kingdom. Also involved in the original Manhattan Project. [118][119][120]
- Syed Mohammad Ahsan: Commander-in-Chief of the Pakistan Navy. Saw action in the Battle of the Atlantic against the Kriegsmarine. Also served in the Arakan campaign (1942–1943), and the Mediterranean and Middle East theatre of World War II. He got the Distinguished Service Cross (United Kingdom) for his valor in WW2. Later he was appointed the Aide-de-camp to Lord Mountbatten. [121][122][123]
- Colonel Ghuffar Mehdi: Was awarded the Military Cross by Claude Auchinleck for serving in Burma campaign. One of the pioneer officers of Special Service Group. Led about a hundred of Mahsud tribesmen to victory against the afghans in the Afghanistan–Pakistan border skirmishes in the 1960s. [1]
- Sulaiman Nadvi: Pakistani deobandi scholar, co author of the Sirat al-Nabi. Close Associate of Muhammad Iqbal, who used to refer to him as "Ustad-Ul-Kul" (Teacher of All), and is said to have approached him on religious matters. [124][125]
Notable Muslims from modern day India
[edit]- Mohammad Usman : Highest-ranking Indian military officer to sacrifice his life during the Indo-Pakistani war of 1947–1948. Known as "Sher-e-Naushera" he played a critical role in defending the Jammu and Kashmir region against tribal invaders backed by Pakistan. At the time of partition 1947, Pakistan offered him the position of Chief of the Army Staff (Pakistan) but he refused and chose to stay in India. In the war where he defended Nowshera, Jammu and Kashmir and Jhangar Pakistan put a prize of 50,000 Rs for his head. He was awarded the Maha Vir Chakra. [126][127][128][129][130][131]
- Abdul Hamid (soldier):Indian Army soldier awarded the Param Vir Chakra, India's highest military decoration, for his heroics during the 1965 Indo-Pakistani War, especially in destroying Pakistani tanks in the Battle of Asal Uttar. [132][133][134][135]
- Brigadier Israr Rahim Khan: Senior Indian Army officer involved in Operation Blue Star; controversial figure due to his association with the Sikh Massacre during the 1984 anti-Sikh riots. [2]
- Mohammad Ahmed Zaki: Former Lieutenant General of the Indian Army and the first Muslim commandant of the Indian Military Academy, with a distinguished service record in various military operations.[136]
- Muhammad Ahmad Said Khan Chhatari: Nawab of Chhatari , governor of the United Provinces of Agra and Oudh and President of the Executive council of Nizam of Hyderabad. [137][138][139]
- Khuda Bakhsh: Indian Muslim historian, scholar and chief justice of the supreme court of Nizam of Hyderabad. His ancestors were involved in the compilation of Fatawa 'Alamgiri. He was a close friend of Shibli Nomani and Syed Ahmad Khan. [140][141][142]
- Shaukat Ali (politician): Indian muslim politican, notable leaders of the Khilafat Movement. Later on an important member of the All-India Muslim League. Close political ally and campaigner for Muhammad Ali Jinnah. Also said to have supplied weapons to indian revolutionaries like Sachindra Nath Sanyal.[143][144]
- Shibli Nomani: Indian muslim Islamic scholar, poet and historian he taught Persian and Arabic languages at Aligarh for 16 years, where he met Thomas Arnold. He travelled with Thomas Arnold in 1892 to the Ottoman Empire including Syria, Turkey and Egypt. In Istanbul, he received a medal from Sultan Abdul Hamid II. [145][146][147][148][149]
- Daagh Dehlvi: Famous Indian Muslim Poet, his father was hanged under charges of the assassination of William Fraser (British India civil servant). He was the Court poet under Mahboob Ali Khan who gave him many titles one of which was : Muqrib-us-Sultan. His disciples included people like Muhammad Iqbal, Hassan Raza Khan. [150][151][152][153][154][155][156]
- Mukhtar Ahmed Ansari: Former President of the Indian National Congress and All-India Muslim League, one of the founders of the Jamia Millia University. Outspoken supporter of the Khilafat Movement, also led a medical mission to treat wounded Ottoman soldiers in the Balkan Wars.[157][158][159][160]
- Ashfaqulla Khan: Indian Muslim revolutionary, co-founder of Hindustan Republican Association, involved in the Kakori conspiracy. [161][162][163][164]
- Dawood Ibrahim: Founder of the infamous D-Company. He was designated a global terrorist by India and the United States in 2003, with a reward of US$25 million on his head for his suspected role in the 1993 Bombay bombings. In 2011, he was named number two on "The World's 10 Most Wanted Fugitives" by the U.S. Federal Bureau of Investigation and fourth on Forbes'. [165][166][167][168][169][170]
See also
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ Chandra, Satish (2007). Medieval India: From Sultanat to the Mughals-Delhi Sultanat (1206–1526) - Part One. p. 267. Satish Chandra (2007) Medieval India: From Sultanat to the Mughals-Delhi Sultanat (1206–1526) - Part One. p. 267.
- ^ Chandra, Satish. Medieval India: From Sultanat to the Mughals-Delhi Sultanat (1206-1526) - Part One. p. 267. ISBN 9788124110645. Alauddin's wazir was Nusrat Khan Jalesar, and Zafar Khan his Mir Arz. Both were famous warriors but were non-Turks, possibly Indian Muslims.
- ^ Donzel, Emeri J. van, ed. (1997). The encyclopaedia of Islam. 4: Iran - Kha / ed. by E. van Donzel (3. impr ed.). Leiden: Brill. ISBN 978-90-04-05745-6.
- ^ "The Delhi Sultnat [sic] : (A.D. 1206-1526) | WorldCat.org". search.worldcat.org. Retrieved 2024-12-03.
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- ^ Jayapalan, N. (2001). History of India. Atlantic Publishers & Distributors (P) Limited. p. 70. ISBN 978-81-7156-928-1. Retrieved 26 August 2023.
- ^ Sen, Sailendra (2013). A Textbook of Medieval Indian History. Primus Books. p. 97.
- ^ Banarsi Prasad Saksena (1992) [1970]. "The Khaljis: Alauddin Khalji". In Mohammad Habib; Khaliq Ahmad Nizami (eds.). A Comprehensive History of India: The Delhi Sultanat (A.D. 1206-1526). Vol. 5 (Second ed.). The Indian History Congress / People's Publishing House.
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