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D-5 (Panasonic)

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D-5 videotape
Panasonic D-5 HD VTR AJ-HD3700H
Media typeMagnetic tape
EncodingNTSC, PAL
Read mechanismHelical scan
Write mechanismHelical scan
StandardInterlaced video
Developed byPanasonic
UsageTelevision production
Extended fromD-3
Released1993; 31 years ago (1993)

D-5 is a professional digital video format introduced by Panasonic at 18th International Television Symposium in Montreux in 1993 and released a year later in 1994.[1][2][3]

Overview

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A cassette tape for D-3 and D-5 (Medium)

Like Sony's D-1 (8-bit), it is an uncompressed digital component system (10-bit), but uses the same half-inch tapes as Panasonic's digital composite D-3 format. A 120 min. D-3 tape will record 60 min. in D-5/D-5 HD mode. D-5 standard definition (SD) decks can be retrofitted to record high definition with the use of an external HD input/output box/decoder.[4][5][6] There were native D5 HD decks as well that didn't need an external processor and could record in both SD and HD.[7] High definition conversion on D5 HD decks does not allow for any error correction that exists on standard definition recordings, as the full bandwidth of the tape is required for high definition recording.

D-5 HD

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D-5 HD uses standard D-3/D-5 videocassettes to record HD material, using an intra-frame compression with a 4:1 ratio. It was introduced in 1994.[2] D-5 HD supports the 1080 and the 1035 interlaced line standards at both 60 Hz and 59.94 Hz field rates, all 720 progressive line standards and the 1080 progressive line standard at 24, 25 and 30 frame rates. Four 48 kHz 24-bit PCM audio channels, or eight 48 kHz 20-bit channels, are also supported. D-5 runs at different data rates for different formats: [8]

  • 323 Mbit/s (1080/59.94i/8CH, 720/59.94p/8CH, 480/59.94i/8CH)
  • 319 Mbit/s (576/50i/8CH)
  • 300 Mbit/s (1080/59.94i/4CH, 720/59.94p/4CH, 480/59.94i/4CH)
  • 258 Mbit/s (1080/23.98p/8CH, 1080/24p/8CH)
  • 269 Mbit/s (1080/50i/8CH, 1080/25p/8CH, 576/50i/4CH)

HD material is often captured for post production of film projects, whereby the D-5 HD scanning equipment is cheaper by the hour than a full resolution 2K film scan.[citation needed]

As of 2010, no D-5 HD camcorders have been offered for sale. Panasonic instead markets P2 camcorders for field production of 720p or 1080i and 1080p images.[9]

In 2007, Panasonic introduced an add-on box (AJ-HDP2000) that allows a standard D-5 VTR to encode 2K (2048 x 1080) resolution material with 4:4:4 color space onto D-5 tape using the industry standard JPEG2000 wavelet-based compression.[10]

References

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  1. ^ Costello, Vic (28 April 2016). Multimedia Foundations: Core Concepts for Digital Design. CRC Press. ISBN 9781317808909 – via Google Books.
  2. ^ a b Pizzi, Skip; Jones, Graham (24 April 2014). A Broadcast Engineering Tutorial for Non-Engineers. CRC Press. ISBN 9781317906834 – via Google Books.
  3. ^ Luis Sanz (10 March 2018). "Historia de los medios técnicos de la televisión. Grabación y reproducción de contenidos II: magnetoscopios digitales". TM Broadcast. Retrieved 29 July 2023.
  4. ^ "Panasonic AJ HDP500" (PDF). broadcaststore.com. Retrieved 18 June 2023.
  5. ^ "Panasonic Ships AJ-HDP2000". TVTechnology. 6 September 2007.
  6. ^ "BroadcastStore.com − New and Used Professional Video, Audio, and Broadcast Equipment. Sony, JVC, Panasonic, Grass Valley, Tektronix, Avid, Applied Magic, and More..." www.broadcaststore.com. Retrieved 18 June 2023.
  7. ^ "AJ-HD3700" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2 December 2015.
  8. ^ The hardware manual for the AJ-HD3700B D5 HD VTR
  9. ^ "Broadcast, Cinema & Pro Video | Panasonic North America - United States". Retrieved 18 June 2023.
  10. ^ "Multi-Format Digital HD Studio VTR" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 25 April 2012.

See also

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